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| (r. 1774 – 1792) King of France during the Revolution, whose indecisiveness and inability to tax the nobility helped lead to his downfall and execution. |
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| regional royal law courts that claimed the right of judicial review of all royal edicts, therefore empowering them to veto any attempt to tax the nobility. |
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| Called by Louis XVI in 1787 - made up of leading aristocrats and churchmen to see if they would be willing to pay a new land tax that would apply to everyone, regardless of social status. |
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| Everyone from bourgeoisie to peasants who were neither clergy nor nobility. The largest of the three estates. |
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| (b. 1748 - d. 1836) a lawyer and clergyman who wrote the most famous pamphlet from the time period: _ What is the Third Estate?_ |
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| 1789 - Issued by the Third Estate as a promise to continue to meet "until the constitution of the kingdom is established an consolidated upon solid foundations" |
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| National Constituent Assembly |
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| Formed from the National Assembly in July 1789 - known for the Approval of _The Declaration of Rights of Man and of the Citizen_ |
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| Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen |
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| One of the most influential documents in European history. Used language of the Enlightenment and declared that political sovereignty did not res in the hands of the monarch but rather in the nation at large. |
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| Members of political club in revolutionary France who served in the National Assembly. Later became known for their implementation of the Reign of Terror. |
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| Political group that campaigned for the end of the monarchy but then resisted the momentum of the Revolution. They came into conflict with The Mountain, then became the victims of the Reign of Terror. |
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| Wave of killings in 1792 based on the fear that outside armies would invade and prisoners would revolt and massacre others. 1200+ prisoners were killed (including 200+ priests) |
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| Name given to Louis XVI by the revolutionaries after the abolition of the monarchy (the traditional name of his family) |
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| Leading British politician (Whig). Wrote _Reflections on the French Revolution_ which expressed opposition to the Revolution. Not against reform entirely. |
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| Prime Minister who led Great Britain in wars against France and Napoleon. Raised taxes and cracked down on radicalism. engineered the Acts of Union 1800 and tried (but failed) to get Catholic Emancipation as part of the Union. |
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| King of Prussia, from 1786 - 1797. Signed the Treaty of Pillnitz. |
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| (Sept. 5 1793 – July 28, 1794) the execution of 40,000+ "enemies of the revolution" by Jacobins - often by Guillotine. |
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| Committee of Public Safety |
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| 1793 - established by The Convention - assumed virtually dictatorial power over France throughout the following year |
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| (1793) Ordered by the Committee of Public Safety. Conscripted all healthy males available for military service |
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| Maximilien de Robespierre |
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| a lawyer who led the Committee of Public Safety and was the main architect behind the Reign of Terror. |
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| Addressed the National Assembly on behalf of Parisian women, suggesting that a female militia be formed so that women could protect their homes from counter-revolutionary assaults. In July 1791 she signed the petition at the Champ de Mars. Léon was a founder of the Society of Revolutionary Republican Women. |
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| Cult of the Supreme Being |
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| Church of Robespierre, to move people away from what he thought was the corrupting influence of the Church. Ex: Turned Notre Dame into the a Temple of Reason |
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| Wrote _Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen_ (1791). Was guillotined during The Terror. |
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| Made Workers' organizations illegal (similar to English Combinations Acts 1799-1800) |
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| Civil Constitution of the Clergy |
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| Law passed in July of 1790 that subordinated the Roman Catholic Church in France to the French government. Highly divisive. |
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| August 1791 - Habsburg Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II and Frederick William II of Prussia. It declared the joint support of the Holy Roman Empire and of Prussia for King Louis XVI of France against the French Revolution. |
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| 1794 - a revolt in the French Revolution against the excesses of the Reign of Terror. It was triggered by a vote of the National Convention to execute Maximilien Robespierre and several other leading members of the Terror. |
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| Part of the new constitution that produced the Directory in France (1795) - this was was the second house in the legislature that proposed the legislation that was to be discussed and voted on by the Council of the Ancients |
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| Attacks and violence against the Jacobins and their suspected supporters during the Thermidorian Reaction in 1794. |
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| Rule within the Directory that two-thirds of the members of the first new legislature had to have already served on the National Convention between 1792 and 1795. Response to the fear that more influence would come from the Left. |
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| A Conspiracy led by Gracchus Babeuf against the Directory. While it failed, it is significant for it's later links to the ideas of Communism. |
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| The medieval institution that consisted of a three-house body made up of clergy (1st estate), nobles (2nd estate), and commons (3rd estate). |
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| Municipal government of Paris recognized by Louis XVI after the storming of Bastille (played a major role in the Revolution) |
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C. Royal Financial Crisis
D. Storming of Bastille
A. Convening of Estates General
B. DORMAC |
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Put the following in the correct order:
A. Convening of Estates General
B. Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen
C. Royal Financial Crisis
D. Storming of Bastille |
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| What foreign event further bankrupted the French monarchy and deepened the financial crisis in France? |
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