Term
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Definition
| a specific immune response |
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Term
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Definition
| from stem cells in the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| the tymus gland and develop into T Lymphocytes (T cells) |
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Term
| Lymphocytes that remain in the |
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Definition
| bone marrow develop into B lymphocytes (B cells) |
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Term
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Definition
| any foreign molecule that is recognised by a lymphocytes eg. Viruses, bacteria |
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Term
| Lymphocytes have a single type of |
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Definition
| membrane receptor which is specific for only one type of antigen |
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Term
| A lymphocyte is said to have been “selected” |
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Definition
| when it is activated by a specific antigen |
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Term
| A person’s antigen signature is |
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Definition
| the unique combination of cell surface proteins on the body cells’ surface |
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Term
| The antigen signature is critical as it ensures |
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Definition
| the person’s own lymphocytes do not try to destroy their own body cells surface proteins |
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Term
| During maturation of B and T cells |
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Definition
| any lymphocytes bearing an antigen receptor that fits a body cell surface protein is destroyed |
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Term
| Auto-immunity is when T lymphocytes launch an attack on |
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Definition
| The body’s own cells and it is the cause of auto-immune diseases eg. Rheumatoid arthritis, Type 1 diabetes, MS |
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Term
| An allergic reaction is caused by |
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Definition
| Hypersensitive B lymphocytes responding to harmless substances (eg. Pollen, dust, feathers) |
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Term
| The two groups of T lymphocytes are |
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Definition
| Helper T cells and Cytotoxic (killer) T cells |
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Term
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Definition
| secrete cytokines to activate phagocytes, T cells and B cells |
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Term
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Definition
| destroy infected cells by apoptosis |
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Term
| Antigen presenting cells are |
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Definition
| phagocytes which capture the pathogen and display fragments of the antigen on their surface |
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Term
| Antigen presenting cells activate the |
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Definition
| production of a clone of Helper T cell Lymphocytes that move to the site of infection secreting cytokines |
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Term
| Each B lymphocyte clone produces |
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Definition
| a specific antibody molecule that will recognise a specific antigen surface molecule on a pathogen or toxin |
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Term
| Antigen-antibody complexes may |
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Definition
| inactivate a pathogen/toxin or render it more susceptible to phagocytosis or bring about cell lysis |
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Term
| Antibodies are secreted into |
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Definition
| the blood and lymph where they make their way to the infected area |
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Term
| Some T and B lymphocytes produced by clonal selection |
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Definition
| survive long term as memory cells |
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Term
| Secondary exposure to the same antigen |
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Definition
| rapidly gives rise to a new clone of lymphocytes producing a rapid and greater immunological response |
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