Term
| what are the problem/blame frames? |
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Definition
| personal responsibility, sociocultural, biological |
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Term
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Definition
| analogy: smoking. eat less and exersize more and you can control your weight. obesity is a result of laziness and lack of self control. it's your personal choic to be fat. making better personal choices will fix things |
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Term
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Definition
analogy: pollution
our culture of tv ads, high calorie foods, etc. is what's driving obesity. systematic influences on human body are responsible for weight. cultural change of our food and exercise environments as well as attitudes and practice will aliviate the situation |
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Term
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Definition
analogy: height
some people are genetically predisposed to be fat. your weight is dependent on genetic predisposition. identifying and working to counter genetic factors that cause obesity |
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Term
| What problem/blame frames are most used by the US media? |
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Definition
| the media uses the personal responsibility frame the most, but liberal academics lean toward a sociocultural frame |
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Term
| How does this differ depending on what sociodemographic groups are discussed? |
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Definition
| media representation often differs when talking about race, minorities, or type of eating disorder. |
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Term
| What are similarities and differences between how obesity is discussed in the US media compared to the French media? |
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Definition
| us media emphisizes individual responsibilities because we have neoliberal tendencies as value individualism while the french discusse obesity in a more sociocultural sense as a collective issue. |
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Term
| What are similarities and differences between how obesity and anorexia are discussed in the media? |
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Definition
| thinness is not considered a personal responsibility issue while obesity is blamed on personal misteps/shortcomings |
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Term
| Who (demographically) is likely to be anorexic? Who (demographically) is likely to be obese? |
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Definition
| anorexics are commonly middle class white women while obesity is commonly found in poor minorites, especially women. |
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Term
| What are the major differences between non-profit hospitals and “for profit” hospitals? |
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Definition
| non profit hospitals are tax-exempt and thus make more profits and are often a regions largest employeers with the highest paid execs. they have no shareholders and use their excessive profit to continue expanding their operations. for profit hospitals are not seen as charity and are investor owned, they are not exempt from taxes and account for less than a third of US hospitals |
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Term
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Definition
| a chargemaster is a database of what hospitalas charge for their services. |
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Term
| What are the differences in how much hospitals charge and receive from Medicare, Medicaid, private insurance, and patients without insurance? |
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Definition
| medicare patients are charged the least, private insurance pays roughly 50% more, and the uninsured pay the most and are responsible for most a hospital's profit |
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Term
| What are trends in ownership of physician practices? |
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Definition
| hospitals are buying doctors' practices and even other hospitals-- lowers a patient's care options |
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Term
| How do costs of pharmaceuticals in the US compare to the costs of pharmaceuticals in other countries? |
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Definition
| much more expensive in US, we would save 94 billion. only contry to advertise perscription drugs besides NZ |
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Term
| how often does medicare deny an initial claim? |
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Definition
| 10% initial claim is denied |
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Term
| How involved are hospitals and health care companies in trying to influence Medicare coverage and reimbursement? |
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Definition
| congress is in charge of how much medicare reimburses so they are actively lobbied by healthcare organizations. medicare is not allowed to negotiation the prices on drugs from pharmesutical companies and takes cost reports (which hospitals have little incentive to overstate) to determine how much to pay. however, hospitals do not have much to say about how much they get paid. |
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Term
| What does Brill recommend we do to lower health care costs and improve care? |
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Definition
| allow competitive bidding, lower age for medicare, tax hospitals' profits and place a tax surcharge, change the chargemaster, reduce drug prices, defenses for docs. |
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Term
| How do insurance companies try to persuade consumers to choose generic drugs over name brand drugs/how have pharm companies responded? |
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Definition
| copay, gives you a hint that there is a difference in total costs. pharm companies counter by giving coupons to doctors and patients so you can get exactly what you need (i.e. a better perscription) directly from your doc |
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Term
| What historical events encouraged the initiation of employer-based health insurance and the widespread use of employer-based health insurance? |
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Definition
1909: first drug to kill an illness, syphillis
great depression: pay a little bit each month. blue cross got 9% of americans to spend money on healthcare
WWII: not many employees or supplies, so fringe benefits offered better health insurance or plans.
1943: routine ruling: employers don't have to pay taxes on employee's health insurance premiums= 63% insured by '53 and 70% by '60 |
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Term
| What public policies encouraged the widespread use of employer-based health insurance? |
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Definition
updated IRS code: employers do not have to pay taxes on employees' ealthcare premiums
affordable care act |
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Term
| What are the differences between people health insurance and pet health insurance? |
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Definition
vets don't wanna be told how to practice, insurance is more expensive but better meds.
not bundled with jobs, owners pay for part of procedures instead of a copay, easier to 'stop treatment' |
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Term
| How does increased competition among health insurance companies impact the cost of health care, according to this podcast? |
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Definition
premiums get raised about 50%, which could cause the insurance to get dropped.
get rid of markets that do not help that company over other companies |
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Term
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Definition
| higher companies bring in more patients to docs, has more leverage can demand more discounts from hospital. docs have to cover costs which sticks higher prices to littler companies. constant shift from companies, more competition doesn't equal lower cost |
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Term
| why do economists criticize health insurance policies in their current state |
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Definition
| do not believe Obama is right when adding more copetition in the form of smaller companies. Maryland has an ideal of sorts: no insurance companies gets a discount, no cost shifting. |
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Term
| What neighborhood-level factors impact childhood obesity? |
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Definition
| number of grocery stores, fast food resturants, parks, how much of a commute to get to grocery stores, and how safe is the area. |
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Term
| What do physicians use to diagnose childhood obesity? What is not a good measure of childhood obesity? |
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Definition
| BMI, which is inaccurate and doesn't account of body composition percentages |
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Term
| Pont's recommendations to physicians talking to families with obese kinds in reducing kinds body weights? |
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Definition
| small changes that stick, make changes as a family, keep it positive |
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Term
| Pont's recommendations for making a doctor office more inclusive for obese people? |
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Definition
| add chairs that can account for weight, good receptionist, paintings of families and appealing pictures |
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Term
| how does US spending on healthcare compare to other contries? |
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Definition
| twice as much, number of patients seen. |
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