Term
| The parotid duct passes 1) ____ and 2) ____ to the masseter muscle. |
|
Definition
1) lateral (superficial)
2) anterior |
|
|
Term
| The parotid gland is positioned 1) ____ and 2) ____ to the masseter muscle. |
|
Definition
1) posterior
2) lateral (superficial) |
|
|
Term
| The branches of the facial nerve pass ____ to the masseter muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The facial artery passes ____ to the mandible (body). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the face, the facial vein is positioned ____ to the facial artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sternocleidomastoid muscle is positioned ____ to both the omohyoid muscle and the carotid sheath. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The external jugular vein passes ____ to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The great auricular and transverse cervical nerves pass 1) ____ and 2) ____ to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. |
|
Definition
1) posterior
2) lateral (superficial) |
|
|
Term
| The lesser occipital nerve passes ____ to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The accessory nerve passes 1) ____ and then 2) ____ to the sternocleidomastoid muscle. |
|
Definition
1) medial (deep)
2) posterior |
|
|
Term
| The hyoid bone is positioned ____ to the thyroid cartilage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The omohyoid muscle is positioned 1) ____ to the sternothyroid muscle and passes 2) ____ to the carotid sheath. |
|
Definition
1) anterior-lateral
2) superficial |
|
|
Term
| At the level of the thyroid cartilage, the sternothyroid muscle is positioned 1) ____ and 2) ____ to the sternohyoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The submandibular gland is positioned 1) ____ and 2) ____ to the mylohyoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The digastric muscle (anterior belly) is positioned ____ to the mylohyoid muscle. |
|
Definition
| Superficial (inferior-lateral) |
|
|
Term
| The thyroid cartilage is positioned ____ to the cricoid cartilage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thyroid gland (isthmus) is positioned directly ____ to the trachea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thyroid gland (lobes) is positioned directly ____ to the trachea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ansa cervicalis (inferior root) is positioned ____ to the internal jugular vein. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ansa cervicalis (superior root) is positioned ____ to the internal jugular vein. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The vagus nerve is positioned 1) ____ to the internal jugular vein and 2) ____ to the common carotid artery. |
|
Definition
1) posterior-medial
2) posterior-lateral |
|
|
Term
| The internal jugular vein is positioned ____ to the carotid artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The external carotid artery is positioned ____ to the internal carotid artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The facial artery passes 1) ____ to the stylohyoid muscle and the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hypoglossal nerve passes 1) ____ to the stylohyoid muscle and the intermediate tendon of the digastric muscle and 2) ____ to the hyoglossus muscle. |
|
Definition
1) medial (deep)
2) lateral (superficial) |
|
|
Term
| During its posterior course, the occipital artery first passes 1) ____ and then 2) ____ to the hypoglossal nerve. |
|
Definition
1) medial (deep)
2) lateral (superficial) |
|
|
Term
| The subclavian artery passes directly ____ to the anterior scalene muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The phrenic nerve and subclavian vein pass directly ____ to the anterior scalene muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The suprascapular and transverse cervical arteries typically pass directly ____ to the anterior scalene muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The brachial plexus (roots) are positioned directly 1) ____ to the middle scalene and directly 2) ____ to the anterior scalene muscles. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The left brachiocephalic vein passes ____ to both the left common carotid and brachiocephalic arteries. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The left phrenic nerve passes ____to the left brachiocephalic vein. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The inferior thyroid artery passes ____ to the common carotid artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ascending cervical artery is positioned directly ____ to the anterior scalene muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thoracic duct passes ____ to the left brachiocephalic vein. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The trachea is positioned directly ____ to the esophagus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The recurrent laryngeal nerve is positioned ____ to the trachea. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The right recurrent laryngeal nerve passes 1) ____ and 2) ____ to the right subclavian artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The vagus nerves pass directly ____ to the subclavian arteries. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The splenius capitis muscle is positioned ____ to the semispinalis capitis muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The splenius cervicis muscle is positioned ____ to the longissimus capitis muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The greater occipital nerve passes 1) ____ and 2) ____ to the inferior oblique muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The masseter muscle is positioned 1) ____ to the mandible (ramus) and 2) ____ to the zygomatic arch. |
|
Definition
1) lateral (superficial)
2) inferior |
|
|
Term
| The temporalis muscle passes ____ to the zygomatic arch. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lateral pterygoid muscle is positioned 1) ____ to the medial pterygoid muscle and 2) ____ to the head and neck of the mandible. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lingual nerve passes 1) ____ to the mandible and 2) ____ to the medial pterygoid muscle and is positioned 3) ____ to the inferior alveolar nerve. |
|
Definition
1) medial
2) lateral
3) anterior |
|
|
Term
| The medial pterygoid muscle is positioned ____ to the mandible (ramus). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The maxillary artery passes 1) ____ to the mandible (neck) and 2) ____ to the sphenomandibular ligament. It typically passes 3) ____ to the lateral pterygoid muscle. |
|
Definition
| 1) medial 2) lateral 3) lateral |
|
|
Term
| The retromandibular vein is positioned ____ to the mandible (ramus). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The oculomotor nerve passes ____ to the cerebral peduncle of the midbrain. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The oculomotor nerve passes directly 1) ____ to the posterior cerebral artery and directly 2) ____ to the superior cerebellar artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The glossopharyngeal nerve passes directly ____ to the medullary olive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hypoglossal nerve passes directly ____ to the medullary pyramid. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The vagus nerve passes directly ____ to the medullary olive. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The basilar artery is positioned ____ to the pons. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The internal carotid artery is positioned ____ to the pituitary. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The abducens nerve passes directly ____ to the internal carotid artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The oculomotor, ophthalmic, and trochlear nerves all pass ____ to the internal carotid artery. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The superior oblique (tendon) muscle passes ____ to the superior rectus muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The superior oblique muscle is positioned ____ to the medial rectus muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nasociliary nerve passes directly ____ to the optic nerve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nasociliary nerve (anterior ethmoidal and infratrochlear branches) passes directly 1) ____ to the medial rectus muscle and directly 2) ____ to the superior oblique muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ophthalmic artery passes 1) ____, 2) ____ and 3) ____ to the optic nerve. |
|
Definition
1) inferior
2) lateral
3) superior |
|
|
Term
| The inferior oblique muscle passes ____ to the inferior rectus muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ethmoidal air cells are positioned directly ____ to the orbit. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The maxillary sinus is positioned 1) ____ to the orbit, 2) ____ to the upper teeth, and 3) ____ to the nasal cavity (inferior meatus). |
|
Definition
1) inferior
2) superior
3) lateral |
|
|
Term
| The infraorbital artery and nerve pass directly ____ to the maxillary sinus. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The tonsilar bed is positioned 1) ____ to the palatopharyngeal arch and 2) ____ to the palatoglossal arch. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The tensor veli palatini muscle is positioned ____ to the levator veli palatini muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The tensor veli palatini muscle (tendon) passes ____ to the sphenoid bone (hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The palatoglossal fold (muscle) is positioned directly ____ to the tonsilar bed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The palatopharyngeal fold (muscle) is positioned directly ____ to the tonsilar fold. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sublingual artery is positioned ____ to the submandibular duct. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sublingual gland is positioned 1) ____ to the mylohyoid muscle and 2) ____ to the genioglossus muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lingual nerve passes 1) ____ to the mandible and 2) ____ to the medial pterygoid and styloglossus muscles. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lingual nerve passes ____ to the superior constrictor and pterygomandibular raphe. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lingual nerve passes 1) ___, 2) ____ and 3) ___ to the submandibular duct. |
|
Definition
1) lateral
2) inferior
3) medial |
|
|
Term
| The mylohyoid muscle is positioned ____ to the geniohyoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The genioglossus muscle is positioned ____ to the geniohyoid muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hyoglossus muscle is positioned ____ to the hyoid bone. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hypoglossal nerve passes 1) ____ to the mylohyoid muscle and 2) ____ to the hyoglossus muscle. |
|
Definition
1) deep (superior-medial)
2) lateral |
|
|
Term
| The lingual artery passes ____ to the hyoglossus muscle. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The vallecula is positioned directly 1) ____ to the epiglottis and 2) ____ to the tongue (root). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The epiglottis is positioned ____ to the tongue (root). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The piriform recess is positioned ____ to the laryngeal inlet. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The vocal ligament is positioned ____ to the arytenoid cartilage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The vocal fold is positioned ____ to the vestibular fold. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thyroid cartilage is positioned ____ to the cricoid cartilage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The arytenoid cartilage is positioned ____ to the cricoid (lamina) cartilage. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sympathetic trunk is positioned directly 1) ____ to the prevertebral muscles and directly 2) ____ to the carotid sheath. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The hypoglossal nerve passes 1) ____ to the internal and external carotid arteries, and 2) ____ to the internal jugular vein. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The superior laryngeal nerve passes ____ to the internal and external carotid arteries. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The glossopharyngeal nerve (and pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve) passes between the 1) ____ and 2) ____. |
|
Definition
1) Internal carotid artery
2( External carotid artery |
|
|
Term
| Name the nerves providing (respectively) sensory, motor, and sympathetic innervation to the face. |
|
Definition
Sensory: Trigeminal
Motor: Facial
Presymp: Glossopharyngeal (parotid gland)
Postsymp: Otic ganglion |
|
|
Term
| What arteries supply blood to the face? How about the scalp? |
|
Definition
Face: Facial, and branches of ophthalmic, superficial temporal, and maxillary
Scalp: Ophthalmic and superficial temporal |
|
|
Term
| What nerves supply sensory and motor innervation to the anterior and lateral neck? |
|
Definition
Sensory: cutaneous branches of cervical plexus
Motor: branches of trigeminal, facial and accessory, and ansa cervicalis |
|
|
Term
| What arteries supply blood to the anterior neck? Lateral neck? |
|
Definition
Anterior: Thyrocervical trunk and external carotid (superior thyroid)
Lateral: thyrocervical trunk |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the anterior cervical triangle? |
|
Definition
| Base of the mandible, midline of the neck and anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid |
|
|
Term
| What the the boundareis of the submandibular triangle? What structures does it contain? |
|
Definition
Boundaries: base of the mandible, and the anterior and posterior bellies of the digastric muscle
Floor: Mylohyoid and hyloglossus
Contains submandibular glands and lymph nodes. |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the submental triangle? What does it contain? |
|
Definition
Boundaries: the two anterior digastric muscles and the body of the hyoid.
Floor: mylohyoid
Contains submental lymph nodes. |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the muscular triangle? What does it contain? |
|
Definition
Boundaries: the midline of the neck, anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid and superior belly of the omohyoid muscle.
Contains the infrahyoid muscles. |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle? What structures does it contain? |
|
Definition
Boundaries: the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid, superior belly of the omohyoid and the posterior belly of the digastric muscle.
Floor is formed by portions of the thyrohyoid, hyoglossus, and inferior and middle constrictor muscles.
Contains the upper portion of the carotid artery and its bifurcation. Portions of the hypoglossal and superior laryngeal nerves and ansa cervicalis may also traverse the carotid triangle. |
|
|
Term
1) What is contained in the carotid sheath?
2) The carotid sheath is positioned ____ to the prevertebral muscles and ____ to the sternocleidomastoid. |
|
Definition
Surrounds the common and internal carotid arteries, the internal jugular vein, the vagus nerve and portions of the ansa cervicalis.
It is positioned anterior to the prevertebral muscles and deep to the sternocleidomastoid. |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the pretracheal space? |
|
Definition
| The anterior wall of the espohagus, the pretracheal fascia and infrahyoid muscles. |
|
|
Term
| Where is the retrovisceral space? What is it continuous with? |
|
Definition
| Positioned between the prevertebral fascia and the posterior wall of the esophagus, and is continuous with the retropharyngeal space. |
|
|
Term
| What provides sensory and motor innervation to the posterior neck? |
|
Definition
Sensory: lesser occipital n. and dorsal rami of spinal nerves
Motor: dorsal rami of spinal nerves |
|
|
Term
| What supplies blood to the posterior neck? |
|
Definition
| Transverse cervical, occipital and vertebral arteries |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the posterior cervical triangle? |
|
Definition
| Posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid, the superior surface of the middle clavicle and anterior margin of the trapezius. |
|
|
Term
| What the boundaries of the occipital triangle, and what does it contain? |
|
Definition
posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid, anterior margin of the trapezius and inferior belly of the omohyoid.
FLoor: splenius capitis, levator scapulae, scalene and semispinalis capitis
Contains accessory nerve and lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the supraclavicular triangle, and what does it contain? |
|
Definition
superior surface of the clavicle, anterior border of the trapezius and inferior border of the omohyoid.
Floor: 1st rib, middle scalene and upper serratus anterior muscles
Contains subclavian artery and brachial plexus trunks |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the suboccipital triangle, and what does it contain? |
|
Definition
Boundaries: Rectus capitis posterior major, obliquus capitis superior and obliquus capitis inferior muscles.
The greater occipital nerve passes superficial to the triangle; the vertebral artery and suboccipital nerves lie in the floor of the triangle. |
|
|
Term
| What provides sensory and motor innervation to the infratemporal fossa: |
|
Definition
| Terminal branches of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. |
|
|
Term
| What provides blood supply to the temporal and infratemporal fossa? |
|
Definition
Temporal: Superficial temporal and maxillary
Infratemporal: Maxillary |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the temporal fossa, and what does it contain? |
|
Definition
Boundaries: the zygomatic arch, the superior temporal line and the frontal process of the zygomatic bone.
Contains the temporalis muscle |
|
|
Term
| What are the boundaries of the infratemporal fossa, and what does it contain? |
|
Definition
Boundaries: zygomatic arch, ramus of the mandible, pterygoid process of the sphenoid, infratemporal surface of the maxilla, and styloid process and tympanic region of the temporal bone
Contains the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles, a portion of the temporalis muscle, and branches of the maxillary artery and mandibular nerve |
|
|
Term
| What respctive nerves provide sensory, motor and parasympathetic innervation to the eye? |
|
Definition
Sensory: terminal branches of the ophthalmic and mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve
Motor: oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerve
Prepara: oculomotor (eye) or facial (lacrimal gland) nerves
Postpara: arising from the ciliary (eye) or pterygopalatine (lacrimal gland) ganglia |
|
|
Term
| Which arteries supply the brain, cranial cavity, and eye, respectively? |
|
Definition
Brain: branches of internal carotid and vertebral
Cranial cavity: middle meningeal
Eye: branches of ophthalmic |
|
|
Term
| What nerves supply sensory and parasympathetic innervation to the nasal cavity and sinuses? |
|
Definition
Sensory: terminal branches of the ophthalmic and maxillary divisions of the trigeminal nerve
Prepara: axons from the facial nerve
Postpara: axons arising from the pterygopalatine ganglion |
|
|
Term
| What arteries supply blood to the nasal cavity? |
|
Definition
| Ophthalmic, maxillary, and facial |
|
|
Term
| What nerves supply sensory, motor, and parasympathetic innervation to the pharynx and larynx (and oral cavity)? |
|
Definition
Sensory: maxillary and mandibular divisions of the trigeminal nerve, and the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves
Motor: mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve, and glossopharyngeal, vagus and hypoglossal nerves
Prepara: facial (submandibular and sublingual salivary glands) or vagus (mucosa) nerves
Postpara: from the submandibular ganglion (salivary glands) |
|
|
Term
| What arteries supply blood to the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx, respectively? |
|
Definition
OC: Maxillary and lingual
Pharynx: Facial and ascending pharyngeal
Larynx: Superior/Inferior thyroids |
|
|
Term
| What are the primary muscle functions of the soft palate, pharynx, tongue, and larynx? |
|
Definition
SP: elevation, tension
Pharynx: elevation, constriction
Tongue: protrusion, retrusion
Larynx: abduction, adduction, tension of vocal folds |
|
|
Term
| What provides motor innervation and blood supply, respectively, to the deep (prevertebral) neck? |
|
Definition
Motor: cervical vertebral rami
Blood: branches of vertebral arteries and thyrocervical trunk |
|
|
Term
| What are the primary muscle functions of suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles? |
|
Definition
Supra: depress mandible, elevate hyoid
Infra: depress hyoid/larynx AFTER elevation |
|
|
Term
| What are the primary functions of superficial posterior muscles of the neck? How about the suboccipital muscles? |
|
Definition
Sup Post: extension, ipsilateral rotation of head/neck
SubOcc: extension, ipsilateral rotation of head |
|
|
Term
| What muscle functions allow mastication? |
|
Definition
| Elevation, protrusion, and retrusion of your mandible. |
|
|
Term
| What muscle functions are provided by the muscles of the orbit? (6) |
|
Definition
| Elevation, depression, abduction, adduction, intorsion and extorsion of the eye |
|
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