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Definition
| set of tactical and execution lvl biz acivites that includes master scheduling, material requirements planning, and some form of production activity control and vendor order mgmt |
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Term
| top-down model of manufacturing planning and control systems |
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Definition
| sales and operations planning > master scheduling > materials requirements planning > production activity control and vendor order mgmt |
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Term
| sales and operations planning |
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Definition
| establishes overall production, workforce, and inventory levels (tactical cap planning) |
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Term
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Definition
| determines specific products will be made, when specific customer orders will be filled, and what products/capacities are still available to meet new demand |
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Term
| material requirements planning |
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Definition
| calculates the timing and quantities of material orders needed to support master schedule |
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Term
| production activity control |
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Definition
| assures that in-house manufacturing takes place according to plan; also helps manufacturing managers identify potential problems and take action |
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Definition
| assures that materials ordered from sc partners are received when needed; also helps purchasing mangers identify problems and take action |
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| rough cut capacity planning |
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Definition
| capacity planning technique that uses the master production schedule to monitor key resource requirements |
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| dependent demand inventory |
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Definition
| inventory items whose demand levels are tied directly to the production of another item |
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Term
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Definition
| listing of all the subassemblies, intermediaries, parts, and raw materials that go into a parent assembly showing the quantity of each required to make assembly |
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Term
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Definition
| a record or graphical rendering that shows how the components in the BOM are put together to make the level 0 item |
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Term
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Definition
| in the context of MRP, the time from when a component is ordered until it arrives and is ready to use |
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Term
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Definition
| process of working backward from the master production schedule for a level 0 item to determine the quantity and timing of orders for the various subassemblies and components. underlying logic used by MRP. |
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Term
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Definition
| directly tied to master production schedule. indicates exact quant. and timing of components. lowers inventory levels. managers can trace every order via all levels. tell suppliers precisely what needs to be made. |
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Term
| parent/child relationship |
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Definition
| logical linkage between higher and lower level items in the BOM |
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Term
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Definition
| the observation that nay change, even a small one, in the requirements for items at the top of the BOM can have drastic effects on items further down the BOM |
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Term
| distribution requirements planning |
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Definition
| time-phased planning approach similar to MRP that uses planned orders at the point of demand to determine forecasted demand at the source level |
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Term
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Definition
| components or products that are received in bulk by a downstream partner, gradually used up, and then replenished again in bulk by upstream partners |
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Definition
| extra inventory that a company holds to protect itself against uncertainties in either demand or replenishment time |
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Definition
| inventory that is held in anticipation of customer demand |
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Term
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Definition
| form of inventory buildup to buffer against some event that may not happen. involves speculation related to potential labor strikes, price increases, unsettled governments, and events that could severely impair the company's strategic initiatives |
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Definition
| inventory that is moving from one link in the supply chain to another |
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Definition
| inventory that is used to smooth out differences between upstream production levels and downstream demand |
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Term
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Definition
| biz conditions that force companies to hold inventory |
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Term
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Definition
| risk of interruptions in the flow of components from upstream suppliers |
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Term
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Definition
| risk of significant and unpredictable fluctuations in downstream demand |
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Term
| independent demand inventory |
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Definition
| inventory items whose demand levels are beyond a company's complete control |
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Term
| dependent demand inventory |
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Definition
| inventory items whose demand levels are tied directly to a company's planned production of another item |
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Term
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Definition
| inventory system that is used to manage independent demand inventory. inventory level for an item is checked at regular intervals and restocked to some predetermined level |
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Term
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Definition
| term used to indicate the amount of demand to be met under conditions of demand and supply uncertainty |
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Term
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Definition
| inventory system used to manage independent demand inventory. inventory level for an item is constantly monitored, and when the reorder point is reached, and order is made |
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Term
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Definition
| order quantity that minimizes annual holding and ordering costs for an item |
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Definition
| quality perspective that holds that quality must be judged, in part, by how well the characteristics of a particular product/service align with the needs of a specific user |
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Definition
| quality perspective that focuses on whether or not a product was made or a service was performed as intended |
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Definition
| costs caused by defects that occur prior to delivery to the customer, including money spent on repairing or reworking defective products, as well as time wasted on these activities |
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Definition
| costs incurred by defects that are not detected until a product/service reaches the customer |
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| costs a company incurs for assessing its quality levels |
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Definition
| costs an org incurs to actually prevent defects from occurring to begin with |
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Definition
| level of quality which indicates that a process is well controlled. term is usually associated w/ Motorola, which named one of its key operational initiatives after this |
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Term
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Definition
| family of standards, supported by international org for standardization, representing an international consensus on good quality mgmt. practices. addresses biz processes rather than specific outcomes |
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Term
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Definition
| an extreme change in the supply position upstream in a supply chain generated by a small change in demand downstream in the supply chain |
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Definition
| holding safety stock in a single location instead of multiple locations then share safety stock inventories to lower overall holding costs by reducing overall safety stock levels |
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Term
| collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment |
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Definition
| set of biz processes, backed up by info tech, in which members agree to mutual biz objectives and measures, develop joint sales and operational plans, and collaborate electronically to generate and update sales forecasts and replenishment plans |
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Term
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Definition
| temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product/service/result. unlike other biz activities, it has a clear starting/ending point, after which the people and resources dedicated to the project are reassigned |
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Term
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Definition
| the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements |
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Term
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Definition
| first of 5 phases of a project. here, project planners develop a broad definition of what the project is and what its scope will be |
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Term
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Definition
| second phase. here, project planners identify how to accomplish the work, how to organize the project, the key personnel and resources required to support the project, tentative schedules, and tentative budget requirements |
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Term
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Definition
| third of 5 phases. here, project planners prepare detailed plans tha identify activities, time and budget targets, and the resources needed. also includes putting in place the org that will carry out the project |
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Definition
| performance or time target for each major group of activities in a project |
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Definition
| 4th of 5 phase, here the org actually starts to execute the project plan |
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Definition
| 5th of 5 phase. project manager or team confirms the final outcome, conducts a post implementation meeting to critique the project and personnel, and reassigns project personnel |
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Definition
| graphical tool used to show expected start and end times for project activities and to track actual progress against these time targets |
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Definition
| graphical tool that shows the logical linkages between activities in a project |
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Definition
| a network-based technique in which there is a single time estimate for each activity |
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| program evaluation and review technique |
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Definition
| network-based technique in which there are multiple time estimates for each activity |
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Term
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Definition
| network diagram in which each activity is represented by a node, or box, and the precedence relationships between various activities are represented by arrows |
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Term
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Definition
| project activities for which the earliest start time and latest start time are equal. critical activities cannot be delayed w/o lengthening the overall project duration |
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Definition
| logically linked sequence of activities in a network diagram |
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Term
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Definition
| network path that has the longest, or is tied for the longest, linked sequence of activities |
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Term
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Definition
| determination of the earliest start and finish times for each project activity |
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Term
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Definition
| determination of the latest finish and start times for each project activity |
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