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| What religion was the most prominent faith of all silk road merchants from 200 BCE to 700 CE? |
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| During the post classical era, what was the most popular religious faith throughout all of east Asia? |
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| During the early centuries CE, why did the Roman authorities launch a series of campaigns to stamp out Christianity? |
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Christians refused to worship emporer gods. Christians were viewed as a threat. |
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| What two populations declined sharply as a result of disease? |
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| What was one result of the population decline caused by disease? |
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| the decline of the silk roads |
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| What internal problem was partly resoponsible for the fall of the Han Dynasty? |
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| generals upsurped political authority |
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| What group of people migrated to China after the Han dynasty disappeared? |
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| Why did Confucianism decline with teh collapse of the Han dynasty? |
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| It was no loger relevant; there was no need for it when there were less divisions in classes |
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| Why did Daoism attract widespread interest after the collapse of th eHan Dynasty? |
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| Daoism offered a way to find peace in a turbulent world. |
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| What did the Roman Emperor Diocletian do to solve the problem of managing a vast empire? |
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| he divided it into 2 administrative districts |
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| During the late Roman Empire, a hierarchy was established in Christianity, including the Bishop of Rome which was later known by what title? |
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| When the Roman Empire was divided in the 5th century BCE,did the Byzantine Empire grow out of the Eastern or Western Roman Empire? |
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Which of the following regions was NOT included in the Byzantine Empire?
Gaul
Greece
Anatolia
Palestine
Egypt |
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| What was the name of the first Christian Byzantine Emperor? |
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The 6th century Byzantine rulers were known for their "lofty stauts" and lavish ceremony. Give one example. |
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the Emperors stood above the law
had lavish homes |
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The Emperor Justinian's most significant political contribution was the "corpus juris civilis." What is it? |
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body of civil law used as Roman law |
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| During the 7th and 8th centuries, what was Byzantine's most serius challenge or threat? |
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| eastern and western invasions |
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| Why was Byzantine's economy and society the strongest when the empire supported a large class of free peasants who owned small plots of land? |
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| served as backbone of the Byzantine military system and cultivated their land intensively in hope of improving their families' fortunes. |
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| After the 6th century, what language replaced Latin as the language of government in the Byzantine Empire? |
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| Constantine initiated a policy of Caesaropapism. What is it? |
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the emperor is not only th esecular lord, but played an active/prominent role in ecclesiatical affairs. |
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| Byzantine emperor Leo 3rd implemented a policy of iconoclasm. What is it? |
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| the destroying of religious icons bc of a belief that they are sinful. |
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| Describe the religious tension that existed btw Constantinople and Rome during the 8th and 9th centuries. Be specific in describing the difference. |
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| There was religious tension between them because of different beliefs. For ex: a contrast in the belief whether Jesus of Nazarath was divine, human, or both. |
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| The decline of the Byzantine Empire occured after teh loss of ____, the pricipal source of Byzantine grain, wealth, and military forces. |
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The Tang implemented three policies that helped maintain centralized imperial rule. What were they? |
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Definition
| well articulated transportation and communications vetwork, distribution of land according to the principals of t heequal-field system, adn reliance on a bureaucracy based on merit. |
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describe how the first Song emperor, Song Taizu, organized his administration |
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He implemented a policy that mistrusted military leaders and placed much more emphasis on civil administration, industry, education, and the arts.He regarded all state officials as servants of the imperial government and rewarded them handsomely. |
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When the Tang dynasty ventured into Vietnam, what major discovery brougt about a series of events leading to major commercial expansion? |
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| a form of quickly growing rice |
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| Give one example of how commercial expansion impacted China. |
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| it brought about urbanization and populaton growth. |
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| Provide one example of the tightening of the partriarchal social structure in Tang-Song China. |
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| What facilitated the growth of Buddhism in China? |
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| Buddhism came to China over silk roads. was attractive because of morals |
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| What is neo-Confucianism? |
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Definition
| Confucianism that was influenced by Buddhists. |
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What were some technological invention of the Tang and Song dynasties? |
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| porcelain, metallurgy, gunpowder, printing, magnetic compass |
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| In spite of Chinese influence in Vietnam, Vietnam differed from China in many ways. What was one of these? |
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Definition
| women played a more prominent role in society adn economy, |
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| Descrive th erole of emperors in Japan during the Heian period. |
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Definition
Japanese emperors during the Heian period differed from the political structure of Medieval Japan bc MJ was fuedalistic. Ashoka led rebellion. |
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| proclaimed Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire. |
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the four officials who aided the co-emperor and were able to administer the vast empire more effectively than an individual emperor could. |
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| major city of the Han dynasty- officials allowed Buddhists to observe their faith in the enclaves that officials allowed them to inhabit. |
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| the emperor that attempted to deal with the problem of an unmanageable empire by dividing it into two administrative districts. |
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| envoy sent on a mission to find allies who could help combat the nomadic Ziongnu. Brought back info of immense commercial value |
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| Hun leader that did not create a set of political institutions or a state structure. |
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the most important and influential of intellectual elites, the bishop of Hippo. Converted to Christianity and worked to reconcile it with Greek and Roman philosophical traditions and to articulate Christianity in terms familiar and persuasive to educated classes. |
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| Visigoth leader who stormed and sacked Rome in 410 CE. |
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| followers of Nestorius who spread their faith east across the silk roads. |
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Constantine promulgated the Edict of Milan, which allowed Christians to practice their faith openly in the Roman Empire. |
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the faith derived from the prophet Mani that promoted an ascetic lifestyle and insisted that disciples observe high ethical standards. |
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son of Diocletian’s coruler Constantius. Able emperor who faced the same administrative difficulties that Diocletian had attempted to solve. |
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son of Diocletian’s coruler Constantius. Able emperor who faced the same administrative difficulties that Diocletian had attempted to solve. |
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| winds that governed sailing and shipping in the Indian Ocean- knowledge of the winds in Ptolemaic Egypt enabled mariners to sail safely and reliably to all parts of the Indian Ocean basin. |
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during second and third cen. CE the Han and Roman empires suffered large-scale outbreaks of epidemic disease. |
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| one of the most destructive of the epidemic diseases among small pox and measles. |
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| council where bishops assembled to determine which views would prevail as official doctrine. |
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| council where bishops assembled to determine which views would prevail as official doctrine. |
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| Greek theologian who lived during the early fifth century and emphasized the human as opposed |
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warrior-king that organized the Huns into a virtually unstoppable military juggernaut. |
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a devout Zoroastrian from Babylon who saw a need for a prophet for all humanity and promoted a blend of Zoroastrian, Christian, and Buddhist elements as a religious faith. |
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| the network of trade routes that linked lands as distant as China and the Roman Empire- adn more generally to th eestablishment of relations between China and lands to th ewest. |
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| during the classical era, two developments reduced the risks associated with travel and stimulated long-distance trade. What were they? |
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1. rulers invested heavily in t heconstruction of roads adn bridges 2. They built large imperial states that sometimes expanded to th epoint that they bordered on one another. |
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| Ptolemies maintained land routes going south from Egypt to th ekingdom of ____ and ______ in east africa |
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| ____ was the Ptolemies most important port on the Red Sea |
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| _____ served as their (Ptolemies) principal window on the Mediterranean. |
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| What was the extent of the silk roads? |
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took caravan trade from China to th eRoman empire Chang'an East West to Atioch and Tyre |
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| What desert was one of the most dangerous and inhospitable regions with a name literally meaning "he who enters does not come back out" |
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what goods generally traveled west from producers in southeast Asia, China, and India to consumers in central Asia, Iran, Arabia, and the Roman Empire? |
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