Term
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Definition
| Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen |
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Term
| Proteins are made from amino acids |
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Definition
| linked by peptide bonds to form polypeptide chains |
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Term
| The sequence of amino acids |
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Definition
| determines the structure and function of the protein |
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Term
| Proteins and held in a 3D shape by |
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Definition
| peptide bonds, hydrogen bonds and interactions between amino acids as well as sulphur bridges |
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Term
| Polypeptide chains can be |
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Definition
| arranged in long, parallel strands; spherical in shape; spherical and contain a non-protein part |
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Term
| Proteins have a large variety of functions: |
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Definition
| eg. hormones, antibodies, enzymes,structural proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| change in structure or composition of an organism’s genes |
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Term
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Definition
| INCREASE the change of mutations eg. x-rays, UV light, Gamma rays |
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Term
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Definition
| no protein being produced or a faulty protein being expressed |
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Term
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Definition
| alter single genes or whole CHROMOSOMES |
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Term
| Point mutations(SID)include |
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Definition
| The Substitution,Insertion or Deletion of base pairs in DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| can result in INTRONS being retained in the mature transcript which then codes for the WRONG protien |
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Term
| Single gene mutations involve the |
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Definition
| alteration of a DNA nucleotide sequence |
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Term
| Examples of single gene mutations: |
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Definition
| Substitution, Insertion, Deletion |
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Term
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Definition
| involves a change in one nucleotide |
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Term
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Definition
| replacing one amino acid codon with another which results in a protein which may still function to a lesser extent causing illness |
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Term
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Definition
| replacing an amino acid codon with a premature stop codon so no amino acid is made |
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Term
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Definition
| creates or destroys the codons for exon-intron splicing |
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Term
| Nucleotide insertions or deletions result in |
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Definition
| frame shift mutations or the expansion of a nucleotide sequence repeat |
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Term
| Chromosome mutations include (DDT): |
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Definition
| Deletion, Duplication and Translocation |
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Term
| Chromosome mutations are often |
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Definition
| lethal due to the substantial changes they make to a genotype |
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Term
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Definition
| is a condition or disease that is directly related to the individual’s genotype |
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Term
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Definition
| an individual affected by a mutation which causes their genotype to produce a change in phenotype |
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Term
| Transcription happens in the |
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Definition
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Term
| Translation happens at the |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
| The type of bonds found in Protiens are called |
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Definition
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Term
| Mature mRNA transcripts should contain no |
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Definition
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