Term
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Definition
| the creation of finished good s and services using the factors of production: land, labor, capital, entrepreneurship, and knowledge |
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Term
| Production has historically meant _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| define: production management |
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Definition
| all the management activities that helped firms create goods. |
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Term
| Define: Operations management |
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Definition
| a specialized area in management that converts or transforms resources, including human resources like technical skills and innovation, into goods and services. |
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Term
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American manufacturers have begun to emphasize: |
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Definition
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a. Focusing on customers.
b. Maintaining close relationships with suppliers.
c. Practicing continuous improvement.
d. Focusing on quality.
e. Saving on costs through site selection.
f. Relying on the Internet to unite companies.
g. Adopting new manufacturing techniques. |
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Term
| The U.S. Economy is now a _____ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the value producers add to materials in the creation of finished goods and services, such as by transforming silicon into computer chips |
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Term
| Andrew Grove's three basic requirements of production |
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Definition
(1) to build and deliver products in response to the demands of the customer at a scheduled delivery time
(2) to provide an acceptable quality level
(3) to provide everything at the lowest possible cost.
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Term
| Define: Process manufacturing |
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Definition
| That part of the production process that physically or chemically changes materials. |
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Term
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Definition
| That part of the producti on process that puts together components. |
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Term
| Define: continuous process |
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Definition
| A production process in which long production runs turn out finished goods over time |
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Term
| Define: intermittent process |
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Definition
| A production process in which the production run is short and the machines are changed frequently to make different products |
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Term
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Definition
computer-aided design
computer-aided manufacturing
computer-integrated manufacturing |
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Term
| Define: Flexible Manufacturing |
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Definition
| designing machines to do multiple tasks so they can produce a variety of products |
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Term
| Lean Manufacturing and its 5 characteristics |
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Definition
the production of goods using less of everything than in mass production
• They take half the human effort.
• They have half the defects in the finished product or service.
• They require one-third the engineering effort.
• They use half the floor space for the same output.
• They carry 90 percent less inventory.
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Term
| Define: Mass Customization |
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Definition
| Tailoring products to meet the needs of individual customers. |
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Term
| Define: Facility Location |
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Definition
| The process of selective a location for a company's operations |
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Term
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Definition
| Time it takes to move a completed product from factory/warehouse to customer |
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Term
The key reason manufacturers move their plants |
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Definition
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Term
| Define: Interfirm Process |
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Definition
| process in which companies work closely together to design, produce, and ship products to customers. |
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Term
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Definition
| the physical arrangement of resources, including people, to most efficiently produce goods and provide services for customers |
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Term
| Assembly line vs modular layouts |
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Definition
assembly-line layout - workers do only a few tasks at a time
modular layout - teams of workers combine to produce more complex units of the final product. |
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Term
| Fixed position vs process layouts |
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Definition
fixed-position layout - allows workers to congregate around the product to be completed.
process layout - similar equipment and functions are
grouped together . |
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Term
| Define: Materials requirement planning (MRP) |
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Definition
| a computer-based operations management system that uses sales forecasts to make sure needed parts and materials are available at the right time and place |
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Term
Define: Enterprise resource
planning (ERP) |
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Definition
| a newer version of MRP, combines the computerized functions of all the divisions and subsidiaries of the firm into a single integrated software program that uses a single database |
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Term
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Definition
| the function that searches for high-quality material resources, finds the best suppliers, and negotiates the best price for quality goods and services. |
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Term
| just-in-time (JIT) inventory control |
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Definition
| JIT systems keep a minimum of inventory on the premises-and deliver parts, supplies, and other needs just in time to go on the assembly line. |
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Term
| Define: Six Sigma quality |
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Definition
| a benchmark of just 3.4 defects per million |
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Term
| Problems with Quality Testing a completed product |
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Definition
1. The need to inspect work required extra people and resources .
2. If an error was found, someone had to correct the mistake or scrap the product - costly.
3. If the customer found the mistake, the can be dissatisfied and not buy again
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Term
| Define: Statistical quality control (SQC) |
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Definition
| to continually monitor all phases of the production process and assure quality is being built into the product from the beginning |
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Term
| Define: Statistical process control (SPC) |
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Definition
| the process of testing statistical samples of product components at each stage of production and plotting the test results on a graph. |
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Term
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Definition
Plan, Do, Check, Act (PDCA).
to find potential errors before they happen. |
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Term
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Definition
the common name given to quality management and assurance standards
Must meet to operate in EU |
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Term
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Definition
| a collection of the best practices for managing an organization's impact on the environment. |
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Term
| International Organization for Standardization |
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Definition
| worldwide federation of national standards bodies from more than 140 countries that set global measures for the quality of individual products. |
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Term
program evaluation and review technique
(PERT) |
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Definition
| A method for analyzing the tasks involved in completing a given project, estimating the time needed to complete each task, and identifying the minimum time needed to complete the total project |
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Term
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Definition
1) analyzing and sequencing tasks that
need to be done
(2) estimating the time needed to complete each task
(3) drawing a PERT network illustrating the information from steps 1 and 2
( 4) identifying the critical path. |
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Term
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Definition
| In a PERT network, the sequence of tasks that takes the longest time to complete and which a delay anywhere along this path will cause the project or production run to be late |
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Term
| The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award |
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Definition
•To qualify, a company has to show overall quality in seven key areas
•company leadership
•strategic planning
•customer and market focus
•information and analysis
•human resources (employee) focus
•process management
•business results
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Term
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Quality function deployment (QFD) |
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Definition
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a process of linking the needs of end users (customers) to design, development, engineering, manufacturing, and service functions. |
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Term
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Definition
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a bar graph showing production managers what projects are being worked on and what stage they are in at any given time. |
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