Term
| Structure of Proposed government (1787) |
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Definition
Delegates agreed that the new nation needed a strong central govt and that power should be limited
Final power rested with the citizens who voted officials into office on who would give the best representation |
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Term
| Battle of Lexington and Concord |
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Definition
King George III declared colonies must submit or face military action.
April 19, 1775: military ordered to disperse Massachusetts Assembly. The battles were the first battles of the Revolution |
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Term
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Definition
| wealth, converting the natives to Christianity, desire for gold mining, or large ranches. |
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Term
| What is the Constitution? |
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Definition
| The Articles Of Confederation was the original prototype of the constitution. The articles created a nation of independent states loosely linked by a single congress. It was created with an intentionally weak central Government in fear on a repeat of the British Monarchy type rule. there was also no manner to tax citizens. Rather than make changes / amendments to the articles which required unanimous votes. The Constitution was created. |
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Term
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Definition
1. VA
2. NC
3. SC
4. GA
5. Maryland |
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Term
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Definition
Chief Joseph was a Nez Perce chief who, faced with settlement by whites of tribal lands in Oregon, led his followers in a dramatic effort to escape to Canada.
When the United States attempted to force the Nez Perce to move to a reservation in 1877, he reluctantly agreed. Chief Joseph tried to lead his people to Canada, in what is considered one of the great retreats in military history. |
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Term
| Difference between colonial govt and British govt |
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Definition
America: as new towns and districts developed, colonists practiced representative government with elected representatives chosen by male property owners
Britain: Parliament represented the entire country Parliament was not elcted to represent districts. So, Britain did not understand the colonists saying they had no representation in Parliament |
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Term
| Three-fifths rule/compromise |
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Definition
Disagreement between North and Southern states on how slaves should be counted in a state's quota of representatives
delegates wanted slaves to be counted to determine the number of representatives
The Northern states wanted exactly the opposite arrangement
Decision: 3/5 of slave pop counted for both tax purposes and to determine representation |
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Term
| Weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation (6) |
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Definition
Weak alliance among states
ineffective in settling disputes and enforcing laws
could not print money
could not declare war
MOST important, Congress could not impose taxes on the states |
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Term
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Definition
| Pocahontas was a Native American Princess, ambassador, and a peacemaker to the first American settlers. She notable for her association with the colonial settlement at Jamestown, Virginia.eventually was taken hostage by the British, where she learned the European lifestyle. She famously saved the life of John Smith, a settler. She married John Rolfe and was renamed Rebecca. Died of Tuberculosis at 22 |
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Term
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Definition
1. New Hampshire
2. Connecticut
3. Rhode Island
4. Massachusetts |
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Term
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Definition
The Treaty of Paris, signed in Paris by representatives of King George III of Great Britain and representatives of the United States of America on September 3, 1783, ended the American Revolutionary War.
Signed on Sept 3, 1783, brought an end to the war. Britain recognized the US as independent nation. Restored Florida to Spain and France reclaimed African and Caribbean colonies. |
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Term
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Definition
| fur trade, and slaves as the need for laborers increased |
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Term
| New England colonies characteristics (6) |
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Definition
Influence of Puritan beliefs
many harbors
dense forests
soil not suited for agriculture
Economy: trade, fishing, shipbuilding
Small farms and merchants controlled trade |
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Term
| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
Delegates from 12 colonies met on September 5, 1774
Affirmed loyalty to Britain and the power of Parliament to dictate foreign affairs in the colonies.
-Demanded the Intolerable Acts be repealed and instituted a trade embargo with Britain until this happened |
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Term
| Characteristics of Middle Colonies (5) |
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Definition
Which were:Ny,De, Nj, Penn.
immigrants from Netherlands, Holland, and Sweden
Major producers of rye, oats, potatoes, wheat, and barley
some owned large farms
Farmers had surplus to sell
Tenant farmers rented land from larger farmers |
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Term
| Tea Act and the Boston Tea Party |
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Definition
| Tea Act passed in 1773. Allowed East India company to sell tea for much lower prices and could bypass American distributors. December 1773, merchants dumped 342 chests of Tea into Boston Harbor |
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Term
| Voyage of Christopher Columbus |
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Definition
1492: CC got funding from King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain to find a western trading route to Asia.
-credited with discovering America, actually landed in the West Indies
on 3 ships; The Nina, The Pinta and the Santa Maria |
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Term
| Characteristics of Southern Colonies (4) |
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Definition
VA,GA,NC,SC,MD.
warm climate and rich soil
labor intensive plantations
tobacco, indigo, and rice: cash crops
indentured servants and African slaves. |
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Term
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Definition
March 5 1770
protesters ag the Townshend Acts harassed British officers with snowballs. The officers fired and five people died. Eight people were injured. |
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Term
| Objections against the Constitution |
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Definition
Once the Constitution was drafted, it was presented for approval by the states. 19 states needed to approve the document for it to become official. Concerns:
1. lack of bill of rights
2. felt too much power of central govt
3. voters wanted more control over their elected representatives. |
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Term
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Definition
| Became part of "The Great Compromise" William Patterson from New Jersey said that each states could have equal representation |
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Term
| Age of Exploration/Age of Discovery |
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Definition
early 15th to 17th century
advances in navigation, shipbuilding, and mapmaking |
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Term
| British and French Wars bt 1689 and 1748 |
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Definition
. King Williams War
2. The War of Spanish Succession
3. War of Austrian Succession |
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Term
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Definition
| was a guide to Lewis and Clark expedition in 1805 |
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Term
| Advances in navigation and seafaring tools |
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Definition
compass and astrobleme
magnetic compass: Chinese
1400s ship for long journeys: Portuguese |
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Term
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Definition
| against constitution without a Bill of Rights, and wanted to prevent tyranny developing if central govt had too much power |
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Term
| 4 Acts of British Parliament after French and Indian War |
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Definition
1. Quartering Act (1765)
2. The Sugar Act (1764)
3. The Stamp Act (1765)
-Declaratory Act
4. The Townshend Acts (1767) |
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Term
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Definition
1. colonies trade rum for gold and slaves in Africa
2. Africa to West: traded slaves for sugar, molasses, and money
3. ships returned to colonies with more rum and gold.
-violated the Molasses Act of 1733: required colonists to pay high duties to Britain on molasses |
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Term
| Major Battles of the Revolutionary War (5) |
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Definition
1. Battle of Lexington and Concord
2. Battle of Bunker Hill
3. Victories at Trenton and Princeton
4. Battle of Saratoga
5. Battle of Yorktown (10/1781) |
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Term
| Second Continental Congress |
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Definition
| May 10, 1775 met to discuss the defense of the American colonies and how to conduct the growing war and local govt. George Washington was named commander in chief. No going back from full scale war with the signing of the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. |
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Term
| Effect of the Age of Exploration |
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Definition
| Advances led to expanded European exploration of the rest of the world. Efforts led to the discovery, new lands, and colonization and spreading European diseases devastating many of the indigenous people |
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Term
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Definition
1651
Britain wanted to dominate international trade and banned foreign ships from transporting goods to the British colonies.
ADVS: Colonists in NA could provide ships for Britain's trade interests and 1/3 of British merchant ships were built in the colonies |
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Term
Coercive Acts (1774)
-4 components |
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Definition
to punish Massachusetts
1. shut down ports in Boston until the city paid back the value of the tea
2. Required that local govt officials be appointed by the governor rather than be elected by the people
3. Allowed trials of British soldiers to be transferred to Britain
4. Required locals to provide lodging for soldiers |
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Term
| Why were their high taxes for the British colonists after the F and I war? |
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Definition
Britain:
1. needed to pay off war debt
2. needed funds for defending expanding empire
3. funds to govern Britain's colonies
4. British felt it was fair for the colonists to pay higher taxes because they had spent a lot of money to defend the colonies |
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Term
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Definition
| Roger Sherman said that the government should be bicameral. Senate: equal representation: 2 per state. House of Representatives: based on population. Both houses could draft bills, but financial matters must originate in the House of Representatives |
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Term
| What led to colonists' resenting control from Great Britain? (4 reasons) |
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Definition
1.More and more colonies had been born on American soil
2.new ideas of government: separate entity from Britain
3.Am colonies left to form local government bodies, which gave them more freedom than other colonies
4.A sense of independence which led to them to resent control from Great Britain |
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Term
| Five names of well known Native Americans who had impact roles in U.S. History |
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Definition
1. Squanto
2. Pocahontas
3. Sacagawea
4. Crazy Horse
5. Chief Joseph |
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Term
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Definition
from north and south disagreement where the north states wanted to give the govt the ability to regulate exports and trade. South opposed it.
Compromise: Congress received regulatory power over all trade. Import taxes on slaves were limited and after the year 1808, Congress could decide whether to allow continued imports of slaves. |
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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Definition
written by Thomas Jefferson, listed the rights George III had violated of them with his tyranny
ideas: life, liberty, pursuit of happiness
-from Locke on natural rights
-govt should protect the rights of the people and the indivual rights were more important than their obligations to the state. |
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Term
| Middle Atlantic Colonies (4) |
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Definition
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Term
| French goal of colonization |
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Definition
| French goal of colonization |
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Term
| French and Indian War/ 7 years war |
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Definition
Or the Seven Years War, resulted in the end of France's reign as a colonial power in North America
Strong leadership of William Pitt led to British victory
costs of the war lead to discontent and the Am. Revolution |
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Term
| Individuals in the first new government of the United States |
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Definition
1. George Washington: pres in 1789
2. John Adams: vice-pres
3. Thomas Jefferson: Secretary of State
4. Alexander Hamilton: Secretary of the Treasury |
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Term
| Effect of New laws on British-Colonial relations |
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Definition
| Effect of New laws on British-Colonial relations |
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Term
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Definition
| Thomas Jefferson and Patrick Henry wrote them to argue against the Constitution |
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Term
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Definition
| Taught them native methods of planting corn, squash, and pumpkins |
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Term
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Definition
| The Federalist is a collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay under the pseudonym "Publius" to promote the ratification of the United States Constitution |
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Term
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Definition
| Edmond Randolph said that representation should be based on population |
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Term
| What year did African slaves arrive in Virginia? |
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Definition
| 1619 The first 19 or so Africans to reach the English colonies arrived in Jamestown, Virginia in 1619, brought by Dutch traders who had seized them from a captured Spanish slave ship. The Spanish usually baptized slaves in Africa before embarking them |
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Term
| Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull |
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Definition
| Led Sioux and Cheyenne troops in the Battle of Little Big Horn, defeating Custer |
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Term
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Definition
| 1765- Colonists had to house soldiers and provide them with supplies; It was an inconvenience. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1777- Pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that inspired colonists to want their freedom. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1764- Tax on molasses in order to make English products cheaper than those from the French West Indies; Taxation without representation. |
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Term
| First Continental Congress |
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Definition
| 1774- Met to discuss trade with British and beginning to train soldiers. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1760- Legal paper that gave officers the right to search any building for any reason. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1777- Tax on glass, paint, paper, lead, and the tea brought into the colonies. |
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Term
| Second Continental Congress |
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Definition
| 1775- Met to discuss whether they went to war or not. |
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Term
| Declaration of Independence |
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Definition
| 1777- Reasons colonists wanted to separate from Britain and charges against the King. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1765- Tax on legal documents; They were taxed on items they used everyday. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1770- Group of colonists were teasing British soldiers when they fired into the crowd and shot five colonists. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1773- Protest against Tea Act; Colonists dressed up as Indians and dumped all the tea in the harbor. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1775- Minutemen were ordered to lay down weapons and refused; eight colonists were shot. |
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Term
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Definition
| 1763- Laws that said colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. |
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Term
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Definition
| A person under contract to work for another person for a definite period of time, usually without pay but in exchange for free passage to a new country. During the seventeenth century most of the white laborers in Maryland and Virginia came from England as indentured servants/. |
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Term
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Definition
1833 - 1854
The Whig Party was a political party active in the middle of the 19th century in the United States. Four United States Presidents belonged to the party while in office.
Pres. William Henry Harrison was a member |
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Term
| American Colonization Society |
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Definition
| Founded in 1816 to assist free black people in emigrating to Africa, was the brainchild of the Reverend Robert Finley, a Presbyterian minister from Basking Ridge, New Jersey. |
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Term
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Definition
| Anne Hutchinson was a Puritan spiritual adviser, mother of 15, and an important participant in the Antinomian Controversy which shook the infant Massachusetts Bay Colony from 1636 to 1638. |
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Term
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Definition
| Beginning around 1650, the British government pursued a policy of mercantilism in international trade. ... These laws created a trade system whereby Americans provided raw goods to Britain, and Britain used the raw goods to produce manufactured goods that were sold in European markets and back to the colonies. |
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Term
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Definition
| Phillis Wheatley, also spelled Phyllis and Wheatly was the first published African-American female poet. Born in West Africa, she was sold into slavery at the age of seven or eight and transported to North America. |
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Term
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Definition
| Passed by Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified on December 6, 1865, the 13th amendment abolished slavery in the United States and provides that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States |
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Term
| First Bank of the United States |
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Definition
| In February 1791, the First Bank of the United States (1791-1811) received a unique national charter for twenty years. Alexander Hamilton's brainchild, a semi-public national bank, was a crucial component in the building of the early U.S. economy. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 during the presidency of George Washington. The so-called "whiskey tax" was the first tax imposed on a domestic product by the newly formed federal government. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shays' Rebellion was an armed uprising in Massachusetts during 1786 and 1787. American Revolutionary War veteran Daniel Shays led four thousand rebels in a protest against perceived economic and civil rights injustices |
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Term
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Definition
| The Louisiana Purchase was the acquisition of the Louisiana territory by the United States from France in 1803. The U.S. paid fifty million francs and a cancellation of debts worth eighteen million francs for a total of sixty-eight million francs |
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Term
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Definition
| The Embargo Act of 1807 was a law passed by the United State Congress and signed by President Thomas Jefferson on December 22, 1807. It prohibited American ships from trading in all foreign ports. ... In 1806, France passed a law that prohibited trade between neutral parties, like the U.S., and Britain. |
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Term
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Definition
| The War of 1812 was a conflict fought between the United States, the United Kingdom, and their respective allies from June 1812 to February 1815. Wikipedia |
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Term
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Definition
| In the 19th century, manifest destiny was a widely held belief in the United States that its settlers were destined to expand across North America. |
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Term
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Definition
| Finally, a compromise was reached. On March 3, 1820, Congress passed a bill granting Missouri statehood as a slave state under the condition that slavery was to be forever prohibited in the rest of the Louisiana Purchase north of the 36th parallel, which runs approximately along the southern border of Missouri. |
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Term
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Definition
| Senator Henry Clay introduced a series of resolutions on January 29, 1850, in an attempt to seek a compromise and avert a crisis between North and South. As part of the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was amended and the slave trade in Washington, D.C., was abolished. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Freedmen's Bureau, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. |
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Term
| What were the terms of the Treaty of Paris in 1783? |
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Definition
| Treaty of Paris of 1783. Definition: Treaty that officially ended the Revolutionary War on September 3, 1783. It was signed in Paris by Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and John Jay. Under the terms of the treaty, Britain recognized the independent nation of the United States of America. |
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Term
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Definition
Acquisition of Brazil.
Treaty of Tordesillas. Treaty of Tordesillas, (June 7, 1494), agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th-century voyagers. |
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