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Definition
| An animal that feeds on other animals |
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Definition
| An organism that feeds on other organisms |
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| Simple organism, such as bacteria or fungus, that breaks down dead organisms and waste, returning important nutrients to the environment |
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| Diagram that illustrates the flow of energy through a food chain |
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Definition
| Path of food energy from the sun to the producer to a series of consumers within an ecosystem |
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Definition
| In an ecosystem, arrangement of several overlapping food chains |
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Definition
| An animal that feeds only on plants |
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Definition
| An animal that feeds on both plants and animals |
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| Compound that contains carbon |
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Definition
| Animal that kills and eats other animals |
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Definition
| Organism that is killed and eaten by another organism (predator) |
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Definition
| In a food chain, organism that eats plants, such as a rabbit; second level of the energy pyramid |
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| Organism that makes its own food, such as a plant or a photosynthetic algae; bottom level of the energy pyramid |
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Definition
| Organism, such as a vulture, that feeds on dead or decaying organisms |
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Definition
| In a food chain, an organism that feeds on plant-eaters; also called a predator; third level of the energy pyramid |
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Definition
| In an ecosystem, a predator that feeds on other predators; top level of the energy pyramid |
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Term
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Definition
| Material from living things |
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Definition
| An organism, such as a plant, that makes its own food (-troph) |
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Definition
| An organism that obtains the energy it needs by feeding on other organisms (-troph) |
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Definition
| The position an organism occupies in a food chain |
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Definition
| Organism that supports a parasite |
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Definition
| Chemical process by which plants use light energy to make sugar from water and carbon dioxide |
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Definition
| Process in cells by which oxygen is chemically combined with food molecules and energy is released |
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Term
| Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen Cycle |
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Definition
| The continual transfer of carbon dioxide and oxygen between living things and the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| In the environment, the movement of nitrogen between the living and non-living parts of an ecosystem |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy produced by the sun |
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Definition
| Energy stored in chemical bonds |
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Definition
| Dominant community of plants and animals that come to live in an area |
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Definition
| Process by which one community of organisms slowly replaces another in an area |
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Definition
| First organisms to live in an area |
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Definition
| The development of plant and animal life in an area without topsoil |
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Definition
| The development of plant and animal life in an area with topsoil |
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Definition
| Organisms made of photosynthetic bacteria and are common pioneer species, able to grow on bare rock. As they grow, they release acids that break down rock to form soil |
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Definition
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Definition
| Wearing away of rocks by chemical processes, such as oxidation or dissolving |
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Definition
| Process by which wind, water, and gravity leave eroded sediments in new locations |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of sediment by wind, water, ice, or gravity |
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Definition
| Breaking up of rock by physical forces, such as the action of wind and moving water |
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Definition
| A relatively large area that is characterized by distinctive plant and animal communities, climate, and ecological features |
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Definition
| A description of land surface area with reference to elevation variations |
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Definition
| Earth material that is broken down by processes of weathering, can be eroded and deposited by the agents of water, wind, ice, and gravity |
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Definition
| A geographical barrier, such as a ridge, hill, or mountain separating one watershed land area from another |
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Definition
| The top of the saturation zone, below which water fills all open spaces between the rock |
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Definition
| The upper portion of soil and rock that can be temporarily filled with water as the water enters the ground and moves deeper |
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Definition
| Below the water table where all spaces not filled with solid material fill with water |
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Definition
| Allows water movement to flow through the material; the opposite of impermeable |
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Definition
| Sunken land surface due to underlying compression of earth material as a result of the removal of groundwater |
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Definition
| The volume of pore space available within rock or soil |
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Definition
| Water contained in the open spaces or pores or rock or soil |
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Definition
| Layer of permeable rock through which water flows freely |
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Definition
| Water found on the surface of the Earth; includes rivers, lakes, streams, and oceans |
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Definition
| Area of land that drains water from higher land to lower land and into a stream; also called a drainage basin |
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Definition
| Description of how well a rock or sediment lets water pass through |
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Term
| Point Source Water Pollution |
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Definition
| A single identifiable and localized source of water pollution, such as wastewater discharge into a stream |
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Term
| Nonpoint Source Water Pollution |
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Definition
| Pollutants introduced into surface or groundwater that are without a specific location source, such as water flowing over a lawn that has been fertilized and into a drain |
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Term
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Definition
| One of a pair of genes that determine a specific trait |
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Term
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Definition
| A structure located in the nucleus of a cell, made of DNA, that contains the genetic information needed to carry out cell functions and make a new cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Deoxyribonucleic acid; the material found in a cell's nucleus, that determines the genetic traits of the organism |
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Term
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Definition
| In a pair of alleles, the one that, if present, determines the trait |
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Term
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Definition
| Segment of DNA, found on a chromosome, that determines the inheritance of a particular trait |
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Term
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Definition
| That which is generated or brought forth; offspring |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring |
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Definition
| The set of genes carried by an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| Father of genetics who conducted pea plant experiments to determine how traits were passed from one generation to the next |
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Term
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Definition
| The passage of genetic instruction from one generation to the next |
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Definition
| Refers to an organism that carries two different alleles for the same trait |
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Definition
| New organism produced by a living thing |
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Definition
| The physical appearance of an organism |
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Definition
| Refers to an organism that carries two dominant or two recessive for a given trait |
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Term
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Definition
| In a pair of alleles, the one that is masked if a dominant allele is present |
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Definition
| The intentional breeding of organisms with desirable traits in an attempt to produce offspring with similar desirable characteristics or improved traits |
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Definition
| A diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment |
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Term
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Definition
| A cross between organisms with two different phenotypes producing offspring with a third phenotype in which both of the parental traits appear together |
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Term
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Definition
| A cross between organisms with two different phenotypes producing offspring with a third phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures the distance and direction from the starting point |
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Definition
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Definition
| A push or pull that causes an object to accelerate |
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Definition
| When a system becomes stable or balanced |
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Definition
| The force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact with each other |
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Term
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Definition
| Forces that are equal but opposite in direction; when they act on an object, they cancel each other out and no change occurs in the object's motion |
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Term
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Definition
| Describes unequal forces acting on an object; results in a change in the object's motion in the direction of the larger force |
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Definition
| Speed and direction of a moving object |
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Definition
| Amount of matter in something; measured in grams |
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Definition
| Change in velocity over time; Always produced by a force |
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Definition
| An object's tendency to resist a change in motion |
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Definition
| A measure of the force of gravity on an object; Equals mass * acceleration to gravity |
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Definition
| Force of attraction between any two objects |
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Definition
| Stored energy an object has because of its position or shape |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy an object or particle has because it is moving |
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