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trueger
cardio phys & anatomy
90
Other
Not Applicable
05/08/2006
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Term
carotid sheath
 Definition
VAN - IJV, CCA, CNX
Term
SA & AV node blood supply
 Definition
most: RCA
Term
inferior LV blood supply
 Definition
80%: PDA (from RCA)
Term
most common coronary occl
 Definition
LAD
Term
when coronaries fill
 Definition
diastole
Term
posterior heart -> dysphagia
 Definition
LA
Term
LA -> clin problem
 Definition
dysphagia (posterior)
Term
CO=
 Definition
SVxHR
Term
Fick Principle
 Definition
CO=rate O2 cons/(artO2-venO2)
Term
CO=rate O2 cons/(artO2-venO2)
 Definition
Fick Principle
Term
MAP=
 Definition
COxTPR = sys/3 + (2/3)dias
Term
COxTPR=
 Definition
MAP
Term
(1/3)sys + (2/3)dias =
 Definition
MAP
Term
Pulse pressure=
 Definition
sys-dias
Term
sys - dias =
 Definition
pulse pressure
Term
SV=
 Definition
EDV - ESV
Term
what affects SV?
 Definition
contractility, afterload, preload (up = up, down, up)
Term
what raises contractility (and SV)?
 Definition
catecholamines (up SR Ca++ pump act'y)
up IC Ca++
dn EC Na+
Digitalis (up IC Na+ -> up Ca++)
Term
what lowers contractility (and SV?)
 Definition
B1 block
HF
acidosis
hypoxia
hypercapnia
CCBs
Term
catecholamines -> contr?
 Definition
up contr
(up SR Ca++ pump act'y)
Term
up IC Ca++ -> contr?
 Definition
up contr
Term
dn EC Na+ -> contr?
 Definition
up contr
Term
Digitalis -> contr?
 Definition
up contr
(up IC Na+ -> up Ca++)
Term
B1 blockers -> contr?
 Definition
dn contr
Term
HF -> contr?
 Definition
dn contr
Term
acidosis -> contr?
 Definition
dn contr
Term
hypoxia -> contr?
 Definition
dn contr
Term
hypercapnia -> contr?
 Definition
dn contr
Term
CCB -> contr?
 Definition
dn contr
Term
what settings is SV up?
 Definition
anxiety
exercise
preggers
Term
anxiety, exercise, preggers?
 Definition
SV up
Term
what raises myocardial O2 demand?
 Definition
up afterload (dias BP)
up contr
up heart size (up wall tension)
Term
up afterload, contr, heart size -> O2 demand?
 Definition
up O2 demand
Term
preload =
 Definition
ventr EDV
Term
afterload =
 Definition
systolic arterial pressure
(proportional to TPR)
Term
venous dilators -> heart fn?
 Definition
dn preload (nitro)
Term
vasodilators -> heart fn?
 Definition
dn afterload (hydralazine)
Term
preload w/ exercise?
 Definition
up slightly
Term
what raises preload?
 Definition
exer (slightly)
up BV
SNS

"preload pumps up the heart"
Term
up BV -> preload?
 Definition
up preload
Term
SNS -> preload?
 Definition
up preload
Term
EF=
 Definition
SV/EDV
=
(EDV-ESV)/EDV
Term
nl EF?
 Definition
>55%
Term
deltaP=0
 Definition
QxR (V=IR)
Term
resistance =
 Definition
driving pressure (deltaP)/flow(Q)
=
8 visc x length/ Pi x rad^4
Term
what determines visc?
 Definition
nl: Hct
abnl:polycythemia, up protein (eg MM), hered spherocytosis
Term
driving pressure (deltaP)/flow(Q)
=
8viscxlength/Pixrad^4
=?
 Definition
resistance
Term
inotropy moves which line?
 Definition
CO up or down
Term
what moves venous return line?
 Definition
BV (& vasodil'n)
Term
which phase of cardiac cycle consumes the most O2?
 Definition
isovolumetric (mitral & Ao valve both closed)
Term
S1?
 Definition
mitral & tricuspid close
Term
S2?
 Definition
Ao & pulm close
Term
S3?
 Definition
end of rapid ventr filling
(dn EF), CHF
Term
S4?
 Definition
atrial kick (stiff ventr)
Term
abnl sound at end of rapid ventr filling?
 Definition
S3 (dn EF), CHF
Term
abnl sound w/ atrial kick?
 Definition
S4 (stiff ventr)
Term
stiff ventr-> what sound?
 Definition
S4 (w/ atrial kick)
Term
dn EF-> what sound?
 Definition
S3 (CHF)
Term
a wave?
 Definition
atrial contraction
Term
c wave?
 Definition
RV contraction (tricuspid pushes up)
Term
v wave?
 Definition
up atrial pressure fr closing against closed tricuspid
Term
atrial contraction -> which wave?
 Definition
a
Term
RV contraction -> which wave?
 Definition
c (tricuspid pushing up)
Term
pushing against tricuspid -> which wave?
 Definition
v
Term
when JVD?
 Definition
RHF
Term
when parox splitting?
 Definition
Ao stenosis
Term
WPW danger?
 Definition
reentry -> SVT
Term
SNS w/ dn MAP
 Definition
b1-> up CO (via HR & contr)
a1 up CO (via venconstr-> up ven return)
a2 ->up TPR (via art vasoconstr)
Term
carotid sinus ->?
 Definition
medulla via CNIX
Term
Ao baroR ->
 Definition
medulla via CNX
Term
what do carotid and Ao bodies respond to?
 Definition
dn pO2 (<60mg)
up pCO2
dn blood pH
Term
what do central chemoRs respond to?
 Definition
dn pH
up pCO2
not pO2
Term
cushing rxn?
 Definition
up ICP->HTN(SNS) & bradycardia (PSNS)
Term
largest share of systemic BF?
 Definition
liver
Term
most BF/mass?
 Definition
kidney
Term
how does the heart meet up O2 demand?
 Definition
incr cor BF
(not incr extraction of O2)
Term
RA nl pressure?
 Definition
<5
Term
RV nl pressure?
 Definition
<25/<5
Term
PT nl pressure?
 Definition
<25/10
Term
LA nl pressure?
 Definition
<12 (approx = pulm wedge)
Term
LV nl pressure?
 Definition
<130/10
Term
Ao nl pressure?
 Definition
<130/90
Term
heart autoreg factors?
 Definition
O2
adenosine
NO
Term
brain autoreg factors?
 Definition
CO2 (pH)
Term
kidney autoreg factors?
 Definition
myogenic & tubuloglomerular feedback
Term
lungs autoreg factors?
 Definition
hypoxia (causes vasoconstr, not diln)
Term
skel mm autoreg ractors?
 Definition
lactate
adenosine
K+
Term
skin autoreg factors?
 Definition
SNS (temp control)
Term
Starling capillary forces
 Definition
P(c)-pi(c)+pi(i)-P(i)
Term
causes of edema:
 Definition
up cap pressure (HF)
down plasma proteins (nephrotic syndr, LF)
up cap perm (up Kf: toxins, infn's, burns)
up interstitial colloid (lymph block)
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