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| every device in, upon, or by which any person or property is or may be transported or drawn upon a highway, excepting devices used exclusively upon stationary rails or tracks. |
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| any self-propelled vehicle not operated upon rails or guide way, but not including any bicycle, motorized scooter, electric personal assistive mobility device, or moped |
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| a highway the roadway of which is divided into two or more clearly marked lanes for vehicular traffic |
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| a street or highway especially designed for through traffic and over, from, or to which owners or occupants of abutting land or other persons have no right or easement, or only a limited right or easement, of access, light, air, or view by reason of the fact that their property abuts upon such limited access facility or for any other reason; such highways or streets may be parkways from which trucks, buses, and other commercial vehicles are excluded; or they may be freeways open to use by all customary forms of street and highway traffic |
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| except as otherwise provided in paragraph (53)(b), any privately owned way or place used for vehicular travel by the owner and those having express or implied permission from the owner, but not by other persons |
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| any highway designated as a state-maintained road by the Department of Transportation |
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| that potion of a highway improved, designed, or ordinarily used for vehicular traffic, exclusive of the berm or shoulder. |
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| that portion of a street between the curbline, or the lateral line, of a roadway and the adjacent property lines, intended for use by pedestrians |
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| any road, path, or way that is open to bicycle travel, which road, path, or way is physically separated from motorized vehicular traffic by an open space or by a barrier and is located either within the highway right-of-way or within an independent right-of-way |
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Definition
| an injury to any person, including the driver, which consists of a physical condition that creates a substantial risk of death serious personal disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of any bodily member or organ |
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| an injury resulting in an individual's death within a 30 day period after the traffic crash accident |
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Definition
| visible/non-visible signs of injury, such as a bleeding wound or distorted member, usually requiring hospitalization and transport to a medical facility |
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| Non-incapacitating injury |
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Definition
| visible/non-visible signs of injury or complaint of injury, not requiring transport from the scene |
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| the law enforcement responsibility to control and normalize a traffic crash scene |
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| the first damage-producing event in a traffic crash occurred |
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| the location of the first harmful event, or the first damage-producing event in a traffic crash. |
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| Point of possible perception |
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Definition
| the earliest possible time the driver could have become aware of a potential danger or hazard |
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Definition
| anything directed through one of the five senses that makes the driver aware of a potential danger or hazard |
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Definition
| any action the driver takes that alters the speed or direction of the vehicle, such as applying the brakes or turning the steering wheel |
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| the time such actions take to perform and every second that passes until the vehicle finally stops |
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| the point in time when the crash is inevitable, no matter what evasive actions the drivers may attempt |
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| occurs when two objects begin to enter the same space at the same time |
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| the point at which the vehicles or other objects are crushed together to the greatest extent |
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| the point when the vehicles separate, either naturally or artificially |
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| the point when all activity from the crash comes to a halt |
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| a Latin term meaning the "body of the offense" describing the legal principle that claims it must be proven that a crime has occurred before a person can be convicted of committing that crime |
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Definition
| damage to a vehicle resulting from the direct pressure of any object in a collision or rollover |
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| damage to a vehicle other than contact damage, often occurring as bending, breaking, crumpling, and distortion of the vehicle |
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| damage that existed before the crash |
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| a cut into the surface of the roadway where the road surface material has been removed by a metal part from the vehicle |
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Definition
| a broad area of a hard surface covered with many scratched, striations, or streak marks made without great pressure by a sliding metal part |
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Definition
| a liquid pool, fluid trail, or line of flow from fluids escaping from a vehicle as a result of impact |
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| loose material strewn about the road as the result of a traffic collision and can be comprised of dirt, liquids, vehicle parts, and other materials from the involved vehicles |
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| movement of vehicles during and after collision |
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| Surface marks (or just marks) |
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Definition
| the marks a vehicle can leave on roadways |
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Definition
| a black mark left by a tire that is sliding and not free to rotate |
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| a portion of the skid mark that represents the most effective breaking of the wheel |
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Definition
| a series of skid marks with long gaps (30' or more) between heavy skid marks |
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Definition
| a series of skid marks usually short in length with irregular intervals between the skid marks |
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Definition
| This pattern appears when a vehicle has a sudden load shift while braking hard |
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Definition
| this pattern is caused by rapidly applying and releasing the brakes |
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| a skid mark indicating an abrupt change of direction of a tire mark due to collision forces. |
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| the pattern left by a vehicle with anti-lock brakes when a driver brakes hard |
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Definition
| the pattern left by a vehicle with anti-lock brakes when a driver brakes hard |
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| a strip of dry pavement remaining after a vehicle skids on a wet roadway |
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Definition
| a type of trench dug by locked tires when driven on a softer surface such as gravel, sand, or dirt |
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Definition
| occurs when a vehicle loses tire traction in a turn or curve as a result of entering a curve too fast or over steering and slides off the curve |
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Definition
| results from rapid acceleration, usually from a stop, causing the tires to produce a dark tire mark that gradually fades |
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Definition
| a mark left by a tire that is rolling over a soft material such as sand, dirt, or a liquid such as oil on a hard surface and leaves an identifiable pattern matching the tread of the tire |
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| the one element or action which describes the primary cause of a crash |
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| defines the slowest speed the vehicle could have been traveling to leave the skid marks on a particular roadway surface |
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Term
| Drag Factor (or Coefficient of Friction) |
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Definition
| a measure of the friction generated between a vehicle tire and the road surface |
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Term
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Definition
| the phase of brake application beginning with pedal depression and ending with any resulting change in wheel rotational velocity |
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Definition
| begins at the end of mechanical delay and ends when the total four-wheel lockup or skid begins |
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Definition
| a hand-generated drawing of the scene as an officer perceives it on arrival |
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Term
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Definition
| a Driver's Exchange of information form is also known as a ________ _________ |
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| a form which includes a narrative and diagram and any necessary update or continuation report is known as a _________ _________. |
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Definition
| When the skid mark as a gap of _____ft or more, such as an intermittent skid, the officer should count the skid mark as two skid marks. |
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Definition
| Pursuant to F.S. _________, the Long Form is required for crashes that involve death or personal injury, leaving the scene involving damage to attended vehicles or property, and driving while under the influence. |
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| Narrative/Diagram Form (HSMV 90005) |
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Definition
| The DHSMV requires that a ______________ form be submitted with every Long Form report. |
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Term
| Contributing Traffic Violation |
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Definition
| Violation issued that is a direct cause or contribution to the crash itself, such as a vehicle running a red light and striking another vehicle |
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| Non-contributing Traffic Violation |
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Definition
| Violation issued that has no direct bearing on the cause of the crash, but is discovered during the crash investigation |
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Term
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Definition
| Violation issued that is generally a criminal offense discovered during the crash investigation |
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