Term
| Marie Jean Pierre Flourens |
|
Definition
| the founder of experimental brain science & the pioneer of lesion studies |
|
|
Term
| result of Flourens' studies |
|
Definition
| different functions could indeed be prescribed to particular regions of the brain, but a finer localization was lacking |
|
|
Term
| 2 types of lesions done in the brain in lesion studies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| assumption of lesion studies |
|
Definition
| removal of brain region abolishes specifically a function subserved by the removed region |
|
|
Term
| 4 confounding variables that defeat the assumption of lesion studies |
|
Definition
1. anterograde, retrograde, transneuronal degeneration of the neuronal elements involved in the affected circuitry
2. damage to fibers of passage
3. vascular damage
4. sprouting --> rewiring |
|
|
Term
| Can results from single lesions be interpreted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does lesion approach require multiple lesions to build a contingency table? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 possible results in a contingency table |
|
Definition
1. non-dissociations
2. single dissociations
3. double dissociations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process of deliberately introducing nucleic acids into cells |
|
|
Term
| electrical transfection methods (electroporation) |
|
Definition
| temporarily alter the properties of the plasma membrane by exposing cells to a voltage pulse |
|
|
Term
| virus-based transfection methods |
|
Definition
| using viral vectors for gene delivery in vitro & in vivo |
|
|
Term
| physical transfection methods (microinjection) |
|
Definition
| nucleic acids are injected into the cytoplasm or nucleus of the cell with fine glass capillaries |
|
|
Term
| biological ballistic (biolistic particle delivery system or gene gun) |
|
Definition
| injection of DNA-coated gold particles by using a motive force, such as high helium pressure |
|
|
Term
| _____ uses a gene gun to deliver high-velocity plasmid coated gold bullets through the cell membrane |
|
Definition
| biolistic particle delivery |
|
|
Term
| 3 disadvantages of biolistic particle delivery |
|
Definition
1. time consuming preparation of bullets
2. mainly transfection of pyramidal & glial cells
3. major damage to the slice |
|
|
Term
| 2 disadvantages of microinjection |
|
Definition
1. time consuming
2. requires a skillful operator to maneuver upright microscopy |
|
|
