Term
| 4 things we are trying to model in animal models of medial temporal lobe amnesia |
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Definition
1. loss of recent memory for "declarative" or "explicit" information
2. short term memory intact
3. normal intellectual function
4. preserved capacity for "non-declarative" (procedural) or "implicit" memory |
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Term
| why do we want to model human amnesia? |
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Definition
| to understand the organization of memory in the brain |
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Term
| 2 things that mammalian animal models offer |
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Definition
1. similar neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, etc.
2. experimental manipulations not possible in humans |
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Term
| 4 experimental manipulations not possible in humans that we can do in mammalian animal models |
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Definition
1. specific lesions, pharmacology, genetics
2. control over when manipulations occur
3. control over the stimuli to be remembered, & when they occur relative to manipulations
4. single-unit recordings |
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Term
| 2 component processes of recognition memory |
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Definition
1. recollection
2. familiarity |
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Term
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Definition
| a memory that would typically be acquired with repeated training, and would persist from days to months |
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Term
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Definition
| memory of what went together with an item; e.g. association between a stimulus & a reward |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to judge familiarity; to discriminate familiar (experienced) vs unfamiliar (novel) items |
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Term
| 2 conclusions from Mishkin (1978) |
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Definition
1. severe recognition memory deficit produced in monkeys only from combined removal of hippocampus & amygdala
2. striking parallel between monkeys & amnesic patients (e.g. HM) |
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Term
| 8 characteristics of human amnesia that have been produced in monkeys with large bilateral lesions of the medial temporal lobe |
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Definition
1. memory is impaired on several tasks including ones identical to those failed by amnesic patients
2. memory impairment is exacerbated by increasing the retention delay or the amount of material to be learned
3. memory impairment is exacerbated by distraction
4. memory impairment is not limited to one sensory modality
5. memory impairment can be enduring
6. memory for events prior to the onset of amnesia can be affected (retrograde amnesia)
7. skill-based memory is spared
8. immediate memory is spared |
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Term
| mid-1980s: was Mishkin's dual route hypothesis supported by most of the available data from primate studies? |
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Definition
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Term
| 3 hallmarks of good animal amnesia in Mishkin's studies |
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Definition
1. short term memory intact
2. long term memory for new information disrupted
3. some preserved learning (skills) |
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Term
| The _____ is now viewed as a key substrate of primate recognition memory |
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Definition
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Term
| Do we know for sure if the hippocampus contributes to primate recognition memory? |
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Definition
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Term
| The DNMS task belongs to a category of tasks called _____ tasks |
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Definition
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Term
| Is recognizing a person as familiar without being to remember exactly the time/place you met this person an example of recognition or recall? |
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Definition
| recognition (without recall) |
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Term
| Recollection includes information about where & when you met a person & his/her name, content that is supported by the _____ memory system |
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Definition
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Term
| Recognition memory based on recollection depends on the _____ whereas recognition based on familiarity depends on _____ |
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Definition
| hippocampus; surrounding cortices |
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Term
| The monkeys in the DMS task were using the _____ process to make the correct choice & this does not depend on the episodic memory system that supports _____ |
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Definition
| familiarity; recollection |
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