Term
| A poorly localized or identifiable threat source, such as sound in the night, may elicit _____ |
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Definition
| an active immobility so profound that the frightened person can hardly speak and/or breath, i.e. freezing |
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Term
| If a danger source has been localized & an avenue for flight or concealment is plausible --> ? |
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Definition
| the person will probably try to flee or hide |
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Term
| Actual contact, particularly painful contact, with the threat source is likely to elicit _____ |
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Definition
| thrashing, biting, scratching, & other potentially damaging activities by the terrified person |
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Term
| 2 examples of autonomic arousal |
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Definition
| heart rate & blood pressure |
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Term
| Release of endorphins is associated with what fear response? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are the perirhinal & postrhinal involved in the storage, maintenance, and/or retrieval of the memory of contextual fear for at least 100 days after learning? |
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Definition
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Term
| instrumental conditioning AKA operant conditioning |
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Definition
| a form of learning in which an individual's behavior is modified by its consequences |
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Term
| What were the results of the instrumental shuttle-box escape task? |
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Definition
| The latency of rats that were classically conditioned to learn the response that terminates the CS to cross to the other side decreases over trials, whereas the latency of control rats (if anything) increases |
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Term
| Rats with damage to both the central & lateral nuclei of the amygdala, but not to the basal nucleus, exhibit _____ |
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Definition
| impaired conditioned freezing |
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Term
| Damage to the basal & lateral nuclei, but not to the central nucleus, causes _____ |
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Definition
| impaired performance on the instrumental shuttle-box escape task |
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Term
| 2 ways a memory trace can be put into the short term active state |
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Definition
1. novel experiences generate new active memory traces
2. retrieving or reactivating existing long term memory traces will return these traces to the short-term active state |
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Term
| Memories in the _____ state are vulnerable to disruption |
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Definition
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Term
| 4 concerns when assessing reconsolidation theory |
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Definition
1. researchers confuse the fact that reactivated memories might be disrupted with the theory of reconsolidation
2. many reports state that reactivated memories are not disrupted by anisomycin
3. sometimes the impairment is only temporary
4. anisomycin can disrupt memories for many reasons |
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Term
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Definition
| spontaneous recovery can occur when there is a long time interval in between extinction & the test |
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Term
| How is the renewal effect contextual? |
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Definition
| Renewal can occur when the context in which extinction trials occur is different than the context in which training occurs & the test occurs in the training context |
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Term
| When does reinstatement occur? |
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Definition
| if the US is re-presented without the CS |
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Term
| The NMDAR activation plays a central role in the new learning that produces ______ |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| one for glutamate & one for glycine |
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Term
| APV antagonizes the NMDAR glutamate binding site & interferes with ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| D-cycloserine is an agonist for _____ |
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Definition
| the NMDAR glycine binding site |
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Term
| What happens when D-cycloserine is given before or after extinction training? |
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Definition
| it facilitates the processes that lead to extinction |
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