Term
| What is the most rigid area of the spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| The thoracic spine has less segmental mobility in favor of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Each vertebra of the thoracic spine has how at least how many articulations? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens as a result of having at least 6 articulations per vertebra |
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Definition
| difficult for diagnostic accuracy |
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Term
| The thoracic spine is a common area for this disease |
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Definition
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Term
| These types of injuries are rare in the thoracic spine |
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Definition
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Term
| What must one consider as a source of pathologies when considering the thoracic spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| How may pairs of ribs are there |
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Definition
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Term
| THe upper 10 ribs are connected how to the vertebra |
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Definition
| anteriorly by way of costal cartilage |
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Term
| THe upper 10 ribs articulate with the vertebra how |
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Definition
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Term
| THe lower 2 ribs are considered |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 thoracic articulations |
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Definition
| intervertebral, costovertebral, costotransverse |
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Term
| What are the 4 ligaments of rib articulations |
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Definition
| articular capsule, radiate ligament, Anterior longitudianl ligament, consotransverse ligament |
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Term
| 1-3 Transverse Process and Spinous Processes |
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Definition
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Term
| 4-6 Transverse Process and Spinous Processes |
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Definition
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Term
| 7-9 Transverse Process and Spinous Processes |
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Definition
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Term
| 10 Transverse Process and Spinous Processes |
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Definition
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Term
| 11 Transverse Process and Spinous Processes |
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Definition
| TP 1/2 level above the SP |
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Term
| 12 Transverse Process and Spinous Processes |
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Definition
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Term
| The facets of the thoracic vertebra are oriented at |
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Definition
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Term
| What two thoracic vertebra are considered transitional? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What is the axis of motion for the thoracic spine |
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Definition
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Term
| compared to lumbar and cervical discs thoracic discs are |
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Definition
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Term
| weightbearing shifts from facets to discs at approximately |
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Definition
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Term
| the region of the narrowing of the canal is approximately where |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 6 muscles of the thoracic region |
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Definition
| spinalis, longissimus, semispinalis, multifidus, intertransversarii, iliocostalis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| action of the longissimus |
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Definition
| ext, ipsilateral sidebending |
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Term
| action of the semispinalis |
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Definition
| extension, contratlateral rotation |
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Term
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Definition
| extension, contralateral rotation |
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Term
| action of the intertransversarii |
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Definition
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Term
| action of the iliocostalis |
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Definition
| extension, ipsilateral sidebending |
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Term
| 3 degrees of freedom for thoracic spine |
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Definition
| flexion/extension, sidebending, rotation |
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Term
| Due to the orientation of the facets of the thoracic spine, the thoracic spine is best suited to allow what movement |
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Definition
| rotations and sidebending |
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Term
| What limits sidebending in the thoracic spine |
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Definition
| approximation of the ribs |
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Term
| In the thoracic spine rotation and sidebending occur |
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Definition
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Term
| When the thoracic spine is positioned in the extreme of flexion or extension, rotation and sidebending occur |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sidebending and rotation occur in the opposite direction |
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Term
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Definition
| sidebending and rotation occur in same side |
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Term
| Extension of the thoracic spine is produced principally by what |
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Definition
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Term
| Extension of the thoracic spine is produced principally by the lumbar extensors and results in what |
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Definition
| inferior glide of the superior facet of the zygapophyseal joint |
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Term
| How much extension is available at each thoracic segment |
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Definition
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Term
| Overall average of thoracic extension for the entire thoracic spine |
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Definition
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Term
| Sidebending of the thoracic spine is initiated by what |
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Definition
| ipsilateral abdominals, erector muscles |
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Term
| Sidebending of the thoracic spine is continued by what |
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Definition
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Term
| How much sidebending is available in the thoracic spine? |
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Definition
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Term
| On average each segment provides how much side bending? |
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Definition
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Term
| THe lower thoracic segments of the thoracic vertebra provide how much sidebending each |
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Definition
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Term
| Axial rotation of the thoracic spine is produced by |
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Definition
| abdominal muscles, other trunk rotators, unilateral elevation of the arm |
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Term
| Pure axial rotation can only occur at what 2 points |
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Definition
| thoracolumbar, cervicothoracic junctions |
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Term
| Total thoracic rotation (degrees) |
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Definition
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Term
| Thoracic Zygoapohyseal Arthrokinematics: Flexion |
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Definition
| inferior facets of the superior segment glide up and forward |
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Term
| Thoracic Zygoapohyseal Arthrokinematics: Extension |
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Definition
| inferior facets of the superior segment glide down and back |
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Term
| Thoracic Zygoapohyseal Arthrokinematics: Sidebending right |
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Definition
| inferior facets of the superior segment glide down and back on right and up and forward on left |
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Term
| Thoracic Zygoapohyseal Arthrokinematics: rotation right |
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Definition
| facet segments gap on the right and approximate on left |
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Term
| The upper ribs move primarily how |
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Definition
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Term
| The pump-handle motion is similar to |
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Definition
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Term
| The middle ribs move primarily in a |
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Definition
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Term
| The bucket handle motion is similar to what |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The caliper like motion is similar to what |
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Definition
| internal/external rotation |
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Term
| The constotransverse and constovertebral joints move how |
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Definition
| with movements of the thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
| Forward rotation/flexion of teh superior vertebra couples with anterior translation and "pulls" the superior aspect of teh head of the rib forward at the costovertebral joint resulting in |
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Definition
| anterior rotation of the head of the rib |
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Term
| The anterior rotation of the neck of the rib results in what |
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Definition
| superior glide of the tubercle at the costotransverse joint |
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Term
| The superior glide fo the tubercle at the costotransverse joint results in what |
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Definition
| anterior rotation of the neck of the rib |
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Term
| The backward/sagittal rotation/extension of the superior vertebra couples with the posterior translation and "pushes" the superior aspect of the head of the rib... |
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Definition
| backward at the costovertebral joint |
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Term
| THe head of the rib moving backward as a result of being pushed induces |
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Definition
| posterior rotation of the head of the rib |
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Term
| THe posterior rotation of the neck of the rib results as a result of thoracic extension results in what |
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Definition
| an inferior glide of the tubercle at the costotransverse joint |
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Term
| The inferior glide of the tubercle of the tubercle results in |
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Definition
| posterior rotation of the neck of the rib |
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Term
| As the thorax bends to the right, the ribs |
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Definition
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Term
| What stops first in sidebending, rib motion or thoracic vertebrae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What occurs as the vertebra sidebends right against the flexed ribs at the costotransverse joints |
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Definition
| superior glide of the tubercle of the right rib and relative inferior glide of the left rib |
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Term
| Since the costotransverse joint is concacoconvex, the superior glide of the rib also produces |
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Definition
| anterior rotation of the neck of the rib |
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Term
| Right rotation: As the superior thoracic vertebra rotates to the right it translates to the |
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Definition
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Term
| Right rotation: As a consequence of vertebral rotation, the right rib posteriorly rotates and the left rib |
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Definition
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Term
| Where does the thoracic spine begin at clinically |
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Definition
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Term
| t1 and t2 are typically examined as part of what |
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Definition
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Term
| Examine the cervical spine first, unless pain is referred distal to what |
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Definition
| inferior angle of scapula |
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