Term
|
Definition
| energy can be used to do work |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy transferred to or from a system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heat and work always refer to energy in ___________ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a set of particles of interacting components considered to be a distinct physical entity for the purpose of study. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the combination of conditions and influences outside of a system that affect the behavior of the system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| work done on or by a gas is __________ multiplied by _________& ____________ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure is a meausre of how much _______is applied over a given area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure equals force divided by area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change in force is ____ to area multiplied by displacement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| volume equals area multipled by displacment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| work=pressure times volume change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| isovolumetric process. isothermal prrocess. adiabatic process |
|
Definition
| the 3 thermodynamic processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thermodynamic process that takes place at constant volume so that no work is done on or by the system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a thermodynamic process taht takes place at constant temperature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a thermodynamic process during which no energy is transferred to or from the system as heat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infernal energy is ______ in a constant temperature process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy is not______ as heat in an adiabatic process |
|
|
Term
| are accompanied by an increase in entropy of the universe |
|
Definition
| all spontaneous processes |
|
|
Term
| cant transfer all energy as heat to do work |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1. substance absorbs energy as heat from a high temp resevoir
2. work is done by the engine
3. energy is expelled as heat to a lower temp resevoir |
|
Definition
| heat engines cyclic process |
|
|
Term
| the second law of thermodynamics |
|
Definition
| no cyclic process that converts heat entirely into work is possible |
|
|
Term
| equal to high temperature |
|
Definition
| in a cyclyic process, work can never be |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| some energy must always be transferred as ________to the systems surroundings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measures how well an engine operates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a _____process cant completely convert energy transferred as heat into work, nor can it transfer energy as ______, from a _____-temperature body to a ________- temperature body without ______ being done in the process |
|
|
Term
| equation for the efficiency of a heat engine |
|
Definition
| eff=Wnet/Qn=Qn-Qc/Qn=1-Qc/Qh |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a measure of the randomness of disorder of a system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the greater the entropy of a system is, the greater the systems _______ |
|
|
Term
| there is less energy to do work |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increases in all natural processes |
|
Definition
| the entropy of the universe.... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy is removed from system as heat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| energy added to system as heat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| work done on a system [compression of gas] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| work done by system [expansion of gas] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| at equilibrium position, speed reaches a______ |
|
|
Term
| spring force & acceleration |
|
Definition
| at maximum displacement, ____& ______ reach a maximum |
|
|
Term
| restoring force, displacement |
|
Definition
| in simple harmonic these are proportional to one another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| states that restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spring force = -(spring constant x displacement) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a spring force that always pushes or pulls the mass toward its original equilibrium position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| vibration about which an equilibrium position in which a restoring force is proportional to the displacement from equilibrium. |
|
|
Term
| elastic potentioal energy |
|
Definition
| a stretched or compressed spring has.... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increases as a pendulums displacement increases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| constructive interference |
|
Definition
| waves come together and go their seperate ways and disperse unchanged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| two displacements are added and the resultant wave is the difference between the two pulses |
|
|
Term
| complete destructive interference |
|
Definition
| when the two waves cancel out |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occur when two waves of the same frequency, wave length, and amplitude travel in opposite directions and interfere. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stationary points that dont change |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the hightes amplitudes where the largest displacement occurs, directly between the nodes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| what waves travel through |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ________need a medium to travel on |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| waves motion goes up and down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a special periodic wave in which the periodic motion is also simple harmonic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a wave that makes vibrations perpendicular to the direction of the wave motion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| picture that represents every point of the wave in one moment in time, or 1 particular point of the wave as time passes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| highest pont above the equilibrium positive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the lowest point below the equilibrium positive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| this type of wave occurs wehn the force on the wave is parallel with the motion of the wave |
|
|
Term
| the first law of thermodynamics |
|
Definition
| the principle of energy conservation that takes into account a systems internal energy as well as work and heat |
|
|
Term
| first law of thermodynamics simplified |
|
Definition
| energy is neither created nor destroyed only transferred and changed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change in systems internal energy= energy transferred to or from system as heat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a thermodynamic process in which a system returns to the same conditions under which it started |
|
|
Term
| an isothermal process [all energy is transferred as work or heat] |
|
Definition
| a cyclic process resembles |
|
|
Term
| net change in the systems intenal energy |
|
Definition
| the process can be repeated with no |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| max displacement from equilibrium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| time it takes to complete a whole cycle or wave oscillation to occur; |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time; also the number of waves produced per unit of time. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
