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Definition
More than what it was before; conditioned response to similar original stimulus
Ex: dont like one flavor of gatorade therefore hate all flavors |
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Opposite of generalization
ex: you can do different flavors of gatorade |
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| Higher-order conditioning |
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| Layers of conditioned responses |
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| Automatic; environment gets response out of you |
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All about reinforcement; you're getting a response out of your environment to your behavior
THINK REWARD/PAYOFF |
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You get to stop something you don't like by responding in a certain way
Ex: nagging kid who gets something --> parents just want him to shut up |
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| Reinforcement always ________ behavior (regardless if positive or negative) |
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| Fixed schedule of reinforcement |
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| Faster learning, faster extinction |
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| Variable schedule of reinforcement |
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| Slower learning, slower extinction |
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Closely tied to basic biological needs
Ex: food, water, sex |
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Helps us get primary renforcer
Ex: money, prestige |
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| Punishment ______ behavior |
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| Taking in info; more of attn, motivation, and level of processing make it more likely to store in memory |
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| Facts/events; stores emotional memory; necessary in forming long-term memories |
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| Emotional facts/events; boosts activity in hippocampus; alerts us to things that are important (inc. attn therefore helps encoding of emotional stimuli); provides initial emotional response |
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| Changes in synaptic connections; hippocampus necessary; distributed cortical areas |
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| Tend to react differently depending on how problem was framed |
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| can override amygdala; responsible for reasoning |
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| Reality, source, destination memory, ineffective encoding, interference, suggestibility/misinformation |
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| Motivated forgetting/Repression |
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Definition
| Hippocampus has to work to keep memory out of awareness |
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| has to do with emotion; learning, memory, decision-making |
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| 2 things needed for decision-making |
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Definition
1. going off intuition and allowing feeling-memories to guide us
2. using our reason, weighing options |
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Term
| Developmental outcomes are _____ and _______ |
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Definition
| polygenic; multifactorial |
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Term
| Interactionist perspective |
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Definition
| many things interacting to influence development |
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Definition
interaction and development outcome is greater than sum of its parts
whole > sum of parts |
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| whats activated and what's not; can be passed on |
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| bad stuff that increases chances of problems in our development |
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| good stuff that increases the chances of nice outcomes in our development |
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| godo stuff that increases our chances of us ending up ok even if we have lots of bad stuff in our lives; RESILIENCE |
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| Most often occur thru new people and new opportunities |
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| Ex: widow at the age of 30 |
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if other person is _____ responsive to your needs -> develop a ____ attachment
(emotionally & physically safe, present) |
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if other person is _____ responsive to your needs -> develop a ____ attachment
(not emotionally safe, present) |
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Definition
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| Insecure attachments lead to 2 types |
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Anxious-ambivalent
avoidant |
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