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| the lens of your eye will |
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Definition
| adjust to bring the object into clear focus |
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| the pupil of your eye will |
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| constrict to allow less less light to enter in a bright setting or dilate to allow more light to enter in a darker setting. |
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| nerve cell layer of the eye is referred to as |
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| is to transmit the image to the brain for interpretation. |
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| corrections for errors of refraction or |
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| inability to focus clearly. |
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| where are the eyes located |
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| bony orbits located within the facial bones at the front of the skull. most is contained in the bony orbit with only the anterior being exposed to view. |
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| in a mass of orbital fat for protection and insulation.supplied by one of a pair of optic nerves. |
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| pertaining to the eyes or to sight. |
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| the branch of medicine that specializes in the study of the diseases and disorders of the eye. |
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| medical doctor who specializes in the comprehensive care of the eyes and visual system in the prevention and treatment of eye disease and injury. |
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| health professional who specializes in filling prescriptions for corrective lenses for glasses or contacts. |
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| doctor of optometry is responsible for examanation of the eye, and associated structures to determine vision problems. can prescribe lenses or optical aids. |
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| pertaining to the vitreous body of the eye |
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| the white portion of the eye. tough fibrous membrane maintains shape of the eyeball and serves as protective covering for the eye. thinnest over anterior, thickest at the back |
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| colored portion of the eye. relaxes and contracts to control the diameter of the pupil. |
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| center of the iris. controls amount of light entering the eye. diameter is regulated by the relaxation and contraction of the iris. |
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| thin mucous membrane layer that lines the anterior part of the eye and inner part of the eyelid. colorless. covers sclera. |
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| located at the upper outer edge of each eye. under the upper eyelid. and produces tears.which flow accross the conjunctival surfaces to cleanse and lubricate |
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| help to prevent bacterial infections because it has an antibacterial enzyme called lysozyme which destroys microorganism. |
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| located at the canthus (inner edge) of the eye and this is where tears drain from the eye. |
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| covers the eyeball keeping surface lubricated and protected from dust and debris by blinking motion |
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| prevents foreign materials and or insects from coming in contact with the surface of the eyeball |
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| continuous with the anterior portion of the sclera. a transparent nonvascular layer covering the colored part of the eye (iris) |
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| vascular middle layer of the eye contains the choroid. |
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| layer beneath the sclera. contains extensive capillaries that provide the blood supply to and nutrients to the eye, iris and cillary bodies. |
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| two sets of muscles in the iris are called |
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Definition
| radial and circular muscles |
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| dilate pupil in dim light to allow more light in |
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| contract pupil in bright light to allow less light in. |
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| posterior (behind) to the iris. a colorless biconvex structure that aids in focusing the images clearly on the retina.(sensitive nerve cell layer) |
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| on each side of the lens(really above and below). secretes aqueous humor and contains muscles responsible for adjusting the lens to view near objects. |
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| radiate from the ciliary body and attach to the lens and hold it in place. they respond to the contractions and relaxation of the ciliary body muscles to adjust the shape of the lens for proper focusing of the eye. |
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| the ability of the lens to focus cleary on objects at various distances. |
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| what does the lens do for object that are close |
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| increases its curvature or bulging |
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| third most inner layer of the eye. changes the energy of the light rays into nerve impulses |
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| transmits the nerve impulses from the retina to the brain for interpretation of the image. |
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| cones are responsible for |
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| visualizing colors, central vision, and vision in bright light. |
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| highest concentration of cones is |
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| small depression located within the macula lutea. when the image focuses here the sharpest image is obtained. known as central vension. |
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| oval yellowish spot near the center of the retina. |
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| located at the outer edges of the retina are responsible for vision in dim light and for peripheral vision. |
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| only part of the retina insensitive to light. known as the blind spot. center serves as a point of entry for the artery that supplies the retina. |
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| the lens seperates the the interior of the eye into two cavities |
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Definition
| anterior and posterior cavities. |
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| contains two chambers anterior and posterior chambers |
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| located in front of the lens and iris and behind the cornea |
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| located between the iris and the suspensory ligaments |
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| clear watery fluid in the anterior and posterior chambers produced by the ciliary body and reabsorved into the venous circulation. this balance mainains pressure in eye. it flows freely between the chamber. |
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| posterior to the lens. filled with vitreous humor. |
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| clear jelly like substance that gives shape to the eyeball. not constantly reproduced. |
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| both aqueous and vitreous humor aid in |
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Definition
| the refracting of light rays as they pass through these chambers on way to retina. |
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| the bending of the light raysas they pass through various structures of th eye to produce a clear image on the retina. |
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| double vision caused by each eye focusing seperately |
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| reduced vision that is not correctable with lenses and with no obvious path or structural causes |
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| inequality in the diameter of the pupils of the eyes. |
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| absence of the lens of the eye. |
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| a pupil that constricts upon accommodation but not in response to light. can be due to miosis or advanced neurosyphilis |
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| ophthalmic examination of the eye by use of a slit lamp and a magnifying lens; also known as slit lamp exam |
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| relaxation of the skin of the eyelid (usually upper). skin may droop over the edge of the eyelid when the eyes are open. |
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| a twitching of the eyelid muscles; may be due to eyestrain or nervous irritability |
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| paralysis of the ciliary muscle of the eye |
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| inflammation of the lacrimal gland |
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| double vision cause by each eye focusing separately |
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| inflammation of the outermost layers of the sclera |
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| an obvious outward turning of one eye in relation to the other eye; also called walleye |
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| pertaining to the outside of the eye |
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| one or more spots that appear to drift or float across the visual field |
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| the examination of the fundus of the eye, the base or the deepest part of the eye, with an instrument called an ophthalmoscope through a procedure called ophthalmoscopy |
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| inflammation of the iris and ciliary body of the eye |
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| inflammation of the cornea and the conjunctiva of the eye |
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| a cone shaped protrusion of the center of the cornea, no inflammation |
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| a fungal growth present on the cornea |
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| the secretion of tears from the lacrimal glands |
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| abnormal constriction of the pupil of the eye |
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| an agent that causes the pupil of the eye to constrict |
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Definition
| abnormal dilalation of the pupil of the eye |
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| an agent that causes the pupil of the eye to dilate |
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| pertaining to the nose and the lacrimal(tear)ducts |
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| swelling of the optic disc, visible upon ophthalmoscopic examination of the interior of the eye |
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| softening of the lens of the eye |
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| abnormal sensitivity to light especially by the eyes |
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| any disease of the retina |
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| excision, or removal of a portion of the sclera of the eye |
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| pertaining to sound or hearing |
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| a recording of the faintest sounds an individual is able to hear. |
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| pertaining to the sense of hearing |
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| pertaining to the ear and the temporal area of the skull |
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| inflammation or bleeding of the middle ear caused by sudden changes in atmospheric pressure, as in scuba diving or descent of an airplane |
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| pertaining to a snail-shpaed structure within the middle ear. |
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| inflammation of the inner ear. |
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| inflammation of the mastoid process of the temporal bone, usually an extension of a middle ear infection |
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| surgical repair of the eardrum with a tissue graft. this procedure is performed to correct hearing loss. also called tympanoplasty |
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| surgical incision into the eardrum. this procedure is performed to relieve pressure or release fluid from the middle ear. it is also called tympanotomy. |
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| pain in th ear, earache. also called otodynia |
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| inflammation of the middle ear. |
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| same as otalgia. pain in the ear. |
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| a fungal infection of the external auditory meatus of the ear. |
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| drainage from the ear. usually associated with inflammation of the ear. |
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| loss of hearing due to the natural aging process |
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| an instrument used to examine the nasopharynx and the eustachian tube |
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| pertaining to producing serum |
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Definition
| surgical removal of the stapes and insertion of a graft and prostheses. |
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| a ringing or tinkling noise heard in the ears, may be a sign of injury to the ear, some disease process or toxic levels of some medications from prolonged use. |
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| same as myringoplasty. surgical repair of the eardrum wit a tissue graft. |
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| same as myringotomy. surgical incision into the eardrum to relieve pressure or release fluid. |
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Definition
| a sensation of spinning around or of having things in the room or area spinning around the person, a result of disturbance of the equilibrium |
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| what are the two functions of the ear |
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| to enable us to hear and a sensory organ of balance |
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| health professional who specializes in the study of hearing, detects and diagnoses hearing loss, and to rehabilitate those with hearing loss. |
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| field of study of the hearing and impaired |
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| process of checking ones hearing to determine lowest tones heard |
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| chart showing the lowest or faintese sounds detected by the ear. |
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| name the three parts the ear is divided into |
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| is the visible portion of the ear not contained in the head. |
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| external ear is divided into |
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Definition
auricle or pinna or earlobe
external auditory canal |
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| tube leading from auricle to the middle ear. lined with cilia ( tiny hairs) and modified sweat glands called ceruminous glands. |
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| helps transmit sounds waves inward. |
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| secreted earwax to lubricate and protect the ear. cerum. |
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| seperates external ear from middle ear. stretches over auditory canal. semitransparent membrane that transmits sound vibrations to the inner ear by way of the auditory ossicles. |
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| tympanic membrane is also called |
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Definition
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| 3 tiny bones called auditory ossicles. malleus, incus and stapes. |
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| shaped like a hammer. connected to the tympanic membrane. transmits sound vibrations from tympanic membrane to incus. |
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| shaped like an anvil. trasmits sound vibrations from the malleus to the stapes. |
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| shapped like a stirrup. transmits sound vibrations from the incus to the inner ear. (oval window) |
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| also called the auditory tube. connects the middle ear to pharynx (throat). Yawn or swallow this tube opens to equalize pressure within the middle ear. to that of the atmospheric pressure. |
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Definition
| what seperates middle ear from the inner ear. located at the base of the stapes. |
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Definition
| bony structures , membranous structures within the bony structures surrounded by fluid. |
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| bony structures of the inner ear are also called |
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Definition
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| what are the bony structures of the inner ear |
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Definition
vestibule
cochlea
semicircular canals |
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| membranous structures within the bony structures are |
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Definition
utricle
saccule
cochlear duct
membranous semicircular canals |
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| What do the utricle and saccule do and where are they located |
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Definition
| located within the vestible. membranous pouches or sacs that aid in balance. |
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Definition
| located behind the stapes and oral window. lies between the cochlea and the semicircular window. considered the central portion of the inner ear. contains the utricle and saccule. |
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Definition
| on one side of vestibule. snail shapped bony structure. houses the organ of corti. |
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| where will you find the auditory fluids and what are they called and what is their purpose |
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Definition
| in the cochlea. endolymph and perilymph. aids in the transmission of sound vibration. |
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| what is the true organ of hearing |
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Definition
| organ of corti. located inside the cochlea. has tiny hair cells. it is here that the sound vibrations are converted into nerve impulses and transmitted to the brain. |
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| where are the nerve impulses from the organ of hearing transmitted to |
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Definition
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| 3 bony fluid filled loopes located opposite side of vestibule. said to be behind the vestibule. job is to maintain ones balance. |
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