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| the leader of an Arab village or family; elder; a religious official |
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| rulers who could trace descent from the successors of Ali |
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| migration; Prophet's migration from Mecca to Medina |
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| migration; Prophet's migration from Mecca to Medina |
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| Islamic law; defined among other things the patrilineal nature of Islamic inheritance |
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| a Muslim's pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca, to worship Allah at the Ka'ba |
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1. confession of faith
2. prayer
3. fasting
4. zakat - giving of alms
5. hajj - the pilgrimage to Mecca |
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| Muslim slave warriors; halted Mongol advance |
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| first wife of the prophet Muhammad, who had worked for her as a trader |
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| nomads of Arabian peninsula |
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| political and religious successor to Muhammad |
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| "struggle in the way of God" |
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| Shi'ites; political and theological division within Islam; followers of Ali |
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| Ayyubid leader that reconquers most of the Crusader kingdoms |
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| political and theological division within Islam; supported by the Umayyads |
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| a Muslim place of worship |
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| first Umayyad caliph following civil war with Ali |
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| Central Asian nomadic peoples; smashed Turko-Persian kingdoms |
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| a member of the Muslim dynasty that ruled India |
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| a covered market where a variety of goods are sold |
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| dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads |
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| a feature of mosque architecture; a tower from which the faithful are called to worship |
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| the man who issues the call to prayer from one of the minarets of a mosque |
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| an ornament that interlaces simulated foliage in an intricate deisgn |
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| Five reasons why Islam spread so quickly |
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1. a religion distinctly Arab in origin and yet the equal of the monotheistic faiths held by the Christians and Jews
2. end vendettas and feuds that so long divided Arab people
3. Muhammad won Battle of Mecca so entire Meccan population converted; he then conquered all Arabia for Islam/the Caliphs also defeated lots of the Middle East and converted
4. ethical system
5. equality (social mobility) |
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| Why Islam branches after 680 CE |
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| there was a problem of succession after Muhammad |
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| The significance of Islam in establishing Europe/"The West" as a prominent World power |
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| the succession of Islamic Empires and capitals |
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1. Fatimid - Mahdia/Cairo
2. Umayyad - Damascus/Cordoba
3. Abbasid - Baghdad
4. Ayyubid - Cairo
5. Mamluk Sutanate - Cairo |
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| Muhammad spent most of his life in |
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| first year for Muslims; Why? |
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| 622: when Muhammad immigrated to Medina |
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| how Christians view Jesus vs. how Muslims view Muhammad |
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| Muslims don't worship Muhammad but Christians worship Jesus |
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| why did Muhammad acquire a following at the start of his ministry |
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| because Yathrib needed a leader, and Muhammad took the job, in return, they followed him |
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| mamluk, Ayyubid leader that seizes Palestine from the Knight Templars |
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| wisdom literature for Islam |
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1. Shi'ite
2. Sufi
3. Sunni |
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| chapters in Qur'an are called |
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| 2 important figures in the spreading of the Qur'an throughout the world |
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| recorded history/scholar/traveler |
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| why al-bakri's writings important today? |
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| b/c no one else wrote about these things at the time |
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| are these writings historical? |
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| unclear because his stories were preposterous |
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| The king in W. Africa was Muslim T or F? |
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| Ibn Battuta finds ... strange |
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| a lack of sexual jealousy |
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| Ibn Battuta's observations are more observations ad less stories he heard. T or F. |
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| Muhammad began to meditate in the hills because |
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| he became troubled by the gap between the honesty of most Makkans and the greediness of trading elites in the city |
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| the split of Islam into two groups, the Shiites and the Sunnis |
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| Umayyad dynasty was replaced by the |
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| It was through the Muslim world that Europeans |
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| were able to obtain products from Spain and Egypt |
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| his literary works, especially the Rubaiyat |
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| during the Abbasid dynasty, the council that advised the caliph was led by a prime minister known as a |
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| Resentment against Umayyad rule grew because |
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| non-Arab Muslims did not like the way local administrators favored Arabs |
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| breed centuries of mistrust between Muslims and Christians |
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| forbids them to gamble, eat pork, drink alcoholic beverages, or engage in dishonest behavior |
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| was translated into Latin and became a basic textbook in Europe |
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| Islamic scholars and theologians organized Islamic moral rules into the ... or code of law |
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| Mu'awiyah was awesome because |
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| he only used force when necessary |
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| why are there no representations of the prophet Muhammad adorning mosques... |
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| the Hadith warns against any attempt to imitate God by creating pictures of living beings |
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