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| Brought humanism from Ital to Germany |
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| humanism in the Northern Renaissance--united classical learning with the Christian faith |
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| The Brethren of the Common Life |
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| Founded by Gerard Groote in Holland, devoted themselves to Christian humanism (basically) |
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Gerard Groote
(1340-1384)
(what organization did he found?) |
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| Founded the Brethren of the Common Life |
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Thomas a Kempis
(1380-1471) |
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| Christian humanist writer; follower of the Brethren of the Common Life, wrote The Imitation of Christ, one of the greatest of all works of Christian literature |
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| "Prince of the Humanists", wrote Praise of Folly--satire in which he ridiculed ignorance, superstition, and greed. Especially sharp towards churchmen who acted in those ways. Published edition of New Testament that was annotated in Greek. |
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| Brothers/Flemish painters Jan and Huber who worked in Flanders; Adoration of the Lamb and Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife |
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| Very unusual--nightmarish monsters, etc. Most famous work is Garden of Earthly Delight |
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| For some northern renaissance painters, go to page 37 in Modern European History |
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| Humanist school in Paris established by King Francis I |
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| Individualist writer who wrote Gargantua and Pantagruel, two satirical fantasies. They were about two giants who lived very indulgent lives. He considered serious philosophical questions within the context of his "coarse" and "lewd" stories. |
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Michel de Montaigne
(1533-1592) |
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| Essayist; invented the essay, really; skeptical about religion |
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Geoffrey Chaucer
(1340-1400) |
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| First important literary figure in English Renaissance; wrote the Canterbury Tales |
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| Christian humanist, started a humanistic school at St. Paul's cathedral in London. |
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| England's greatest humanist. Wrote Utopia, about an idealized society based on reason & tolerance, in which there was Christianity without ignorance or superstition |
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| Mid-sixteenth century, durring reign of Queen Elizabeth I, time of great optimism and energy symbolized by the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 |
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Edmund Spenser
(1552-1599) |
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| Leading poet of the Elizabethan Age. Wrote the Faerie Queen, a romantic epic poem |
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Christopher Marlowe
(1564-1593) |
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| Elizabethan playwright & poet, wrote Tamburlaine the Great, Doctor Faustus, and The Jew of Malta |
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| Last major literary figure of the Elizabethan period; poet and dramatist best known for Volpone (a play) |
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Cardinal Francisco Ximenes de Cisneros
(1436-1517) |
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| Most central figure in Spanish humanism; archbishop of Toledo; urged improvement in clergy education |
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Miguel de Cervantes
1547-1616 |
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| Wrote Don Quixote, a satire of Medieval chivalry in which a Spanish nobleman traveled the countryside in search of romantic adventures |
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| Spanish humanist playwright |
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| Greek painter of the Spanish Renaissance; paintings reflected intense religious; characterized by elongated and distorted figures |
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| built by King Phillip II as a mausoleum; one of the greatest architectural monuments of the Spanish rennaissance |
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