Term
| fuctions of the skeletal system? |
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Definition
support protection movement mineral homeostasis blood cell production triglyceride storage |
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Term
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Definition
diaphysis-shaft of a long bone epiphysis-ends of bone metaphyses- inbetween diaphysis and epiphysis articular cartilage- joint cartilage periosteum-outer linning of a long bone medullary cavity- cavity which houses blood vessels endosteum- inner linning of a long bone |
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Term
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Definition
only bone cell to undergo cell division daughter cells develop into osteoblasts found along inner portion of periosteum in endosteum, in canals that contain blood vessels |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
main cells in bone tissue maintain daily metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
bone break down found in endosteum |
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Term
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Definition
osteon- bulls eye concentric lamellae-rings of bulls eye central canal- contains lymphatic vessels |
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Term
| what is the strongest form of bone found beneath periosteum of all bones? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
basic functional unit of mature bone within osteocytes; arranged in concentric layers around central canal 22-100 um in diameter contains blood vessels that supply osteon volkmanns canals extend perpendicular to surface |
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Term
| volkmanns canals contain and does what? |
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Definition
blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves from periosteum delivers blood to osteon deeper in bone marrow cavity |
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Term
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Definition
cylindrically aligned parallel to long axis of bone forms a series of rings resembling "bulls eye" 4-20 succesive layers each is 3-7 um thick |
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Term
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Definition
irregular spaces between the systems of concentric lamellae represent angular fragments of older Haversian (central canal) system have been partially destroyed in the internal reorganziation of the bone |
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Term
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Definition
small spaces between lamellae, and contains osteocytes connected with each other with haversian canals by means of delicate canaliculi, which allow passage of nutrient substances from the blood stream to the osteocytes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
makes up most of the bone tissues of short, flat, and irregularly shaped bones epiphysis of long bones narrow rim along medullary canal no osteons open framework allows it to be lighter, reduced weight of skeleton strong found wherever bone are not stressed heavily |
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Term
| what enters the diaphysis through volkmanns canals? |
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Definition
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Term
what enters through the nutrient foramen in compact bone? and also divides into proximal and distal branches supplies inner part of compact bone of diaphysis |
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Definition
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Term
what enters the metaphysis of long bone? and also supplies red bone marrow and bone tissue of metaphysis |
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Definition
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Term
what enters the epiphysis of long bone? and supplies red bone marrow of epiphysis |
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Definition
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Term
| an example of a flat bone would be? |
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Definition
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Term
| an example of a short bone would be? |
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Definition
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Term
| an example of irregular bone would be? |
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Definition
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Term
| an example of a sesmoid bone? |
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Definition
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Term
| give the definition of origin? |
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Definition
| place of muscle attatchment- the more stationary point or proximal bone |
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Term
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Definition
| more moveable attatchment of a muscle, usually distal |
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Term
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Definition
| flattened sheetlike tendon |
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Term
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Definition
protective sheeth of tendon that lubricates tendons with synovial fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| attaches bone to bone (ACL) |
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Term
| extrinsic muscles do what? |
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Definition
scapulothoracic movements scapular fixation |
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Term
| intrinsic muscles do what? |
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Definition
attatch on humerus glenohumeral joint movements |
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Term
| extrinsic shoulder muscles? |
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Definition
latissimus dorsi trapezius lavetor scapulae Rhomboidei (M.m.) Serratus Anterior |
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Term
| latissimus dorsi, name origin and action |
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Definition
originates on the spinous process, sacrum, and ilium adducts and extends the brachium, internal rotation of arm, extension of arm |
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Term
| trapezius, name origin and action |
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Definition
spinous process elevates lateral angle of scapula, adducts, elevates, and depresses the scapula |
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Term
| levator scapula, name origin and action |
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Definition
transverse process elevates scapula |
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Term
| Rhomboidei, name origin and action |
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Definition
spinous process of upper t spine retraction/ elevation of scapula |
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Term
| serratus anterior, name origin and action |
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Definition
upper 8-9 ribs protraction of scapula |
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Term
| intrinsic muscles of shoulder? |
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Definition
deltoid supraspinatus infraspinatus terres major terres minor subscapularis |
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Term
| rotator cuff is made of what four muscles? |
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Definition
supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis |
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Term
| deltoid, name origin and action |
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Definition
on spine of scapula, and clavicle Anterior Deltoid; flexion Mid Deltoid; abduction Posterior deltoid; extension |
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Term
| supraspinatus, origin and action |
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Definition
originates on the supraspinous fossa abducts the brachium |
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Term
| infraspinatus, name origin and action |
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Definition
infraspinous fossa lateral or external rotation of the brachium
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Term
| teres minor, name origin and action |
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Definition
axillary border of the scapula superior to the teres major external rotation of the humerus |
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Term
| teres major, name origin and action |
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Definition
inferior angle of the scapula extensor, adductor, internal rotation |
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Term
| subscapularis, name origin and action |
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Definition
anterior scapula, scapular fossa internal rotation, medial rotation of the brachium |
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Term
| to throw a baseball you use what muscle? |
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Definition
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Term
| baseball wind up is what action and uses what two muscles? |
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Definition
| external rotation and uses the supraspinatus and teres minor |
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Term
| what muscle do you use to throw a baseball? |
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Definition
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Term
| coracobrachialis, name origin and action |
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Definition
coracoid process of the scapula flexes and abducts the brachium |
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Term
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Definition
synovial uniaxial hinge joint |
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Term
| the arm is made of two components which are? |
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Definition
flexor compartment (anterior) Extensor compartment (posterior) |
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Term
| the biceps brachii is a flexor compartment muscle, what are the origins of the heads and what are the performing actions? |
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Definition
the origin of the long head; glenoid fossa short head; coracoid process the actions are; supinates forarm, and when supine, also flexes forarm |
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Term
| the brachialis is a flexor compartment muscle, what are the origins of the heads and what are the performing actions? |
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Definition
the origin is anterior, middle humerus action; flexes forarm in all positions |
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Term
| the triceps brachii is a flexor compartment muscle, what are the origins of the heads and what are the performing actions? |
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Definition
origin of long head; inferior to glenoid process lateral head; middle posterior humerus short head; proximal humerus action; extends forarm |
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Term
| an example of a bursa is? |
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Definition
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Term
| name at least 4 muscles that flex |
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Definition
brachialis biceps brachii brachioradialis pronator teres |
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Term
| pronator teres, name origin and action |
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Definition
medial epicondyle of humerus pronates forearm |
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Term
| a synarthrosis is a what type of joint? |
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Definition
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Term
| an amphiarthrosis joint is? |
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Definition
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Term
| a diarthrosis is a what type of joint? |
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Definition
| a freely movable joint, and also a synovial joint. |
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Term
| what type of joint is held together by fibrous connective tissue and contains no synovial cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of joint is help together by cartilage and contains no synovial cavity? |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of joint has a synovial cavity and are united by the dense irregular connective tissue of an articular capsule, and often by accessory ligaments? |
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Definition
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Term
| carpal bones of the proximal row, name them, never lower tillys plants |
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Definition
| navicular(scaphoid), lunate, triquetral, pisiform |
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Term
| carpal bones of the distal row, till tilly comes home |
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Definition
| trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate |
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Term
| what nerve innervates all muscles of the forearm? |
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Definition
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Term
| what nerve innervates the extensor muscles of the forarm? |
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Definition
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Term
| the anatomical snuff box is composed of what muscles? |
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Definition
the extensor pollicis longus the extensor pollicis brevis abductor pollicis longus |
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Term
| there are 5 joints of the hand, name them |
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Definition
radiocarpal carpometacarpal metacarpophalangeal proximal interphalangeal joints distal interphalangeal joints |
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Term
| the intrinsic muscles of the hand is innervated by what never? |
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Definition
| the ulnar nerve, except for thenar eminence |
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