Term
| The four functions of the muscle system |
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Definition
1. Movement
2. Maintenance of posture
3. Joint stabilization
4. Heat generation |
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Term
| characteristics of skeletal muscle |
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Definition
-multinucleate
-striated with visible banding
-voluntary
-easily fatigued |
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Term
| characteristics of smooth muscle |
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Definition
-no striations
-single nucleus
-involuntary
-tireless |
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Term
| characteristics of cardiac muscle |
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Definition
-has striations
-joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disk
-involuntary
-found only in heart |
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Term
| long cells shorten and generate pulling force |
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Definition
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Term
| electrical nerve impulse stimulate the muscle cell to contract |
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Definition
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Term
| can be stretched back to its original length by contraction of an opposing force |
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Definition
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Term
| can recoil after being stretched |
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Definition
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Term
| functional unit of the skeletal muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| long rows of rpeating segments in a myofibril |
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Definition
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Term
| the boundaries of each sarcomere |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| extend from z line toward the center of the sarcomere |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| located in the center of the sarcomere |
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Definition
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Term
| the full length of the thick filament, and it is composed of myosin |
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Definition
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Term
| at rest, the center part of the sarcomere where no thin filaments occur |
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Definition
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Term
| in the the center of the h zone, and contains tiny rods that hold thick filaments together |
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Definition
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Term
| region with only thin filaments, and lies within two adjacent sarcomeres |
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Definition
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Term
| dense regular connective tissue surrounding entire muscle; just deep to fascia |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| fine sheath of connective tissue wrapping each muscle cell |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| plasma membrane of muscle cell |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| organelles that are aligned to give distinct bands and are long rods within the cytoplasm |
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Definition
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Term
| myosin filaments have heads which are known as extensions or _______ |
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Definition
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Term
| actin filaments have two functional proteins known as... |
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Definition
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Term
| covers cross-bridge binding sites when muscle is not contracting |
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Definition
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Term
| has binding sites for calcium ions |
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Definition
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Term
| released when muscle is stimulated to contact |
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Definition
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Term
| specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
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Term
| calcium ions difusing through the sarcoplasm trigger... |
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Definition
| the sliding filament mechanism |
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Term
| deep invagination of the sarcolemma of striated muscle cells |
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Definition
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Term
| one neuron in which all muscle cells are stimulated by that neuron |
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Definition
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Term
| activation by the neurons causes the myosin heads to attach to binding sites on the thin filament |
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Definition
| the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction |
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Term
| terminal end of axon that contains synaptic vesicle |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| vesicle that contains a chemical neurotransmitter |
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Term
| neuro transmitter for skeletal muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| rate of stimulation increases untiol relaxation phase is eliminated |
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Definition
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Term
| prolonged, involuntary, painful muscular contractions |
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Definition
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Term
| tears or breaks in a muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| wasting away of tissues from lack of use in poor nutrition or ischemia |
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Definition
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Term
| the increase in the size of muscle cells |
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Definition
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Term
| myofilaments are able to slide past each other during contractions and the muscle shortens |
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Definition
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Term
| tension in the muscle increases and the muscle is unable to shorten |
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Definition
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Term
| the occurence of muscle fibers contracting in a relaxed muscle |
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Definition
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Term
| a high energy molecule in muscles which helps to regenerate ATP |
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Definition
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