Term
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Definition
| brain stem, diencephalon, cerebellum(2nd largest), cerebrum(largest) |
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Term
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Definition
| medulla oblongata, pons, midbrain |
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Term
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Definition
| white matter with bits of gray matter scattered through it |
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Term
| functions of the brain stem |
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Definition
1) gray matter = reflex centers (vital centers)
2) sensory fibers conduct impulses from the cord to other parts of the brain
3) motor tracts conduct impulses down from the brain to the cord |
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Term
| parts of the diencephalon |
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Definition
| hypothalamus and thalamus |
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Term
| parts of the hypothalamus |
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Definition
| posterior pituitary gland, pituitary stalk, and gray matter |
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Term
| function of the hypothalamus |
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Definition
| controls hormone secretions- exerts major control over virtually all internal organs |
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Term
| structure of the thalamus |
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Definition
| dumb-bell shaped mass of gray matter in each cerebral hemisphere |
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Term
| functions of the thalamus |
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Definition
1) relays sensory impulses to the cerebral cortex areas
2) produces emotions of pleasantness/unpleasantness associated with sensations
3) plays a part in the so-called arousal or alerting mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| helps to control muscle contractions to produce coordinated movement to maintain balance, move smoothly, and sustain good posture |
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Term
| structure of the cerebrum |
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Definition
highly wrinkled and folded
1) many ridges = convolutions or gyri
2) grooves = sulci
3) deepest sulci = fissures |
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Term
| the longitudinal fissure divides the cerebrum into right and left halves called... |
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Definition
| hemispheres (control different sides of body) |
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Term
| the right and left hemispheres almost completely separate except where their lower portions are connected at the... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mental processes of all types (sensations, consciousness, memory, and voluntary control of movements) |
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Term
| brain disorders are characterized by... |
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Definition
| destruction of brain tissue |
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Term
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) |
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Definition
| a stroke; aneurysm (high blood pressure-clot) |
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Term
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Definition
| damage to motor control areas before/during/shortly after birth causing paralysis of one of more limbs |
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Term
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Definition
| syndrome that includes loss of memory, shortened attention, personality change, motor control defecit.. |
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Term
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Definition
| brain disorder of the adult years characterized by dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| inherited disorder characterized by purposeless movement progressing to dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden burst of abnormal neuron activity that results in temporary change in brain function |
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Term
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Definition
| many forms all characterized by recurring seizures |
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Term
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Definition
| a types of paralysis characterized by involuntary contractions of affected muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| hemiplegia (one side of body), paraplegia (two legs), triplegia (one arm two legs), quadriplegia (four limbs) |
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Term
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Definition
| can infect neurons and cause dementia |
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Term
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Definition
| subtle changes in the level of consciousness, motor control, or sensory perception |
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Term
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Definition
| jerky, involuntary muscle control contractions (convulsions), unconsciousness |
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Term
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Definition
| tumors, trauma, chemical imbalance, idiopathic |
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Term
| EEG (electroenencephalogram) |
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Definition
| graphic representation of brain activity |
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Term
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Definition
| outer part is composed of white matter, interior is composed of gray matter |
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Term
| function of the spinal cord |
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Definition
1) two way conduction paths to and from the brain
2) primary reflex center of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| carry sensory impulses up TO the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| carry motor impulses DOWN from the brain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| loss of ability to make voluntary movements |
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Term
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Definition
| example of a cord reflex center- transfer incoming sensory impulses to outgoing motor impulses |
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Term
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Definition
| withdrawal reflex and jerk reflex |
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Term
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Definition
| collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the vertebral canal |
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Term
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Definition
| tough, fluid-containing membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| form the protective covering around the spinal cord and brain |
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Term
| three layers of the meninges |
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Definition
| dura mater (tough outer layer), pia mater (inner most layer), arachnoid (between dura and pia, cobweb-like) |
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Term
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Definition
1) infection or inflammation of the meninges
2) caused by bacteria or viruses
3) symptions- severe headaches and neck pains, can be fatal |
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Term
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Definition
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