Term
|
Definition
| overlies spinous processes |
|
|
Term
| The posterior median furrow ends where and as what? |
|
Definition
| flattened triangle over the sacrum |
|
|
Term
| The posterior median furrow continues as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| superior continuation in neck, overlies nuchal ligament, vertebra prominens at base of neck |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The nuchal groove covers what vertebra? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These muscles produce prominent vertical bulges, ending laterally at angles of ribs in thoracic region |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These three muscles are seen especially in muscular individuals |
|
Definition
| trapezius, lattissimus dorsi, teres major |
|
|
Term
| These features of the scapula are seen especially in lean individuals |
|
Definition
| vertebral border, inferior angle, spine of scapula |
|
|
Term
| Lays over the spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae, visible in lean individuals |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Landmark located between the inferior portion of the trapezius muscle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHat is the posterior median furrow used for? |
|
Definition
| palpation of spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae |
|
|
Term
| dimples, line connecting them overlies S2 |
|
Definition
| posterior superior iliac spines |
|
|
Term
| Where are the posterior superior iliac spines located? |
|
Definition
| directly lateral to inferior portion of erector spinae |
|
|
Term
| The vertebral column consists of how many bones during early development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many bones are in the vertebral column after development? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which vertebrae fuse to reduce the overall number from 33 to 26 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sacrum is made up of how many fused vertebrae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The coccyx is made up of how many fused vertebrae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many cervical vertebrae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many thoracic vertebrae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many lumbar vertebrae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many curvatures are in the spine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many primary curvatures are there in the spine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many secondary curvatures are there in the spine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the primary curvatures also known as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the primary curvatures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thoracic and sacral curves are curved how? |
|
Definition
| kyphosis, concave anteriorly |
|
|
Term
| What are the secondary curvatures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do secondary curvatures develop |
|
Definition
| as individual learns how to hold head up and assumes erect posture |
|
|
Term
| How are the secondary curvatures shaped? |
|
Definition
| lordosis, concave posteriorly |
|
|
Term
| What is another name for kyphosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Exaggerated thoracic curvature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is another name for lordosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exaggerated lumbar curvature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another name for scoliosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rib/vertebrae angle >30, then brace |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: chunky anterior portion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: What is the role of the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: WHat is the make up of the body? |
|
Definition
| compact bone surrounding spongy bone |
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: pedicles |
|
Definition
| rounded bars forming anterior sides of vertebral arch |
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: what is the role of the pedicle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: This feature has notches that join for intervertebral foramen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: flat, thin plates forming roof of vertebral arch |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: What is the role of the lamina? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: vertebral foramen |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: What forms the vertebral canal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: posteriorly directed from union of laminas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: What is the role of the spinous process? |
|
Definition
| provide attachment for various mm (movement) |
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: Laterally directed at junciton of lamina and pedicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Features of typical vertebra: What is the role of the transverse process? |
|
Definition
| provide attachment for various mm |
|
|
Term
| The articulation of the superior portion of one vertebra with the next highest vertebra forms what? |
|
Definition
| zygapophysial (facet) joint, plane type joint |
|
|
Term
| A zygapophysical (facet) joint is formed where? |
|
Definition
| junction of lamina and pedicle |
|
|
Term
| The cervical facet joints move in which plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The thoracic facet joints move in which plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lumbar facet joints move in which plane? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What provides an exit for spinal nerves? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is the intervertebral foramen formed? |
|
Definition
| superior portion of one vertebra joins with inferior portion of next highest vertebra |
|
|
Term
| Which cervical vertebrae are atypical |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The foramine transversaria allows transmission of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This spinous process feature is unique to c3-c6 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The anterior tubercles of c6 are called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The transverse processes of c3-c6 have these unique features |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior tubercles |
|
|
Term
| superior, lateral elevated margins of the cervical bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What feature is absent in C1 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C1 is also known as what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The body of c1 is replaced by what feature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The spinous process of C1 is replaced by what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why does C1 have an enlarged vertebral foramen? |
|
Definition
| accommodate dens and brainstem |
|
|
Term
| What purpose do the large superior and inferior articular processes serve? |
|
Definition
| atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This feature is unique to C2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the role of the dens/odontoid process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which is the first easily palpated vertebrae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The reduced size of the foramina transversia only carries what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The transverse processes have what feature to articulate with the ribs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The articulating facets of the thoracic vertebrae interact with what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The bodies of the thoracic vertebrae interact with what feature of the ribs? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae directed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The inferiorly directed spinous processes of the thoracic vertebrae cause what? |
|
Definition
| overlaps the arch of the next lowest vertebrae |
|
|
Term
| Overlapping of the thoracic vertebrae is less pronounced where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the main purpose of the lumbar vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The superior and inferior articular processes of the lumbar spin are aligned how? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The sagittal alignment of the lumbar articular processes greatly reduces what type of movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae are nearly what shape |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The posterior surface of the base of the transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae has this feature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The posterior surface of the superior articular process of the lumbar vertebra has this feature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The L5/S1 facet is in this plane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sturdy triangular bone wedges between pelvic bones |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the role of the sacrum |
|
Definition
| transmit weight from vertebral column to lower limbs |
|
|
Term
| Anterior edge of the sacral body is what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lateral surface of the sacrum is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| THe auricular surface is for what |
|
Definition
| synovial sacroiliac joint |
|
|
Term
| THe auricular surfaces form a slight movable joint with what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fusion of the sacrum has resulted in formation of what featuers |
|
Definition
| processes, foramina, incomplete fusion of lamina |
|
|
Term
| Spinous processes of the sacrum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Articular processes of the sacrum |
|
Definition
| intermediate sacral crest |
|
|
Term
| transverse processes of the sacrum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intervertebral foramina of sacrum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many sacral foramina are there |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The vertebral foramina forms what |
|
Definition
| sacral canal with cauda equina |
|
|
Term
| Incomplete fusion of lowest laminas results in what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This feature can be palpated in the natal cleft |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| outer component of the fibrocartilaginous disk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inner component of fibrocartilaginous disk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| purpose of the nucelus pulposus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this intervertebral joint feature is subject to herniation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| interverebral joints are collectively stabilized by what |
|
Definition
| ant. & post. longitudinal ligament |
|
|
Term
| Which of the longitudinal ligaments prevents hyperextension? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the anterior longitudinal ligament connects from the pelvic surface to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the anterior longitudinal ligament connects from the occipital bone to what? |
|
Definition
| pelvic surface of the sacrum |
|
|
Term
| where is the posterior longitudinal ligament located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the posterior longitudinal ligament is attached to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the posterior longitudinal ligament attaches to the occipital bone it becomes what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The posterior longitudinal ligament is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| synovial, plane gliding joints between superior and inferior articular processes of neighboring vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| zygapophysical joints are enclosed in what |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many types of ligaments stabilize vertebral arches? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This ligament connects the posterior portion of the spinous processes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This ligament is found between the spinous processes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These interspinous ligaments become thickened to form what |
|
Definition
| ligamentum nuchae of neck |
|
|
Term
| These are the ligaments between laminae of neighboring vertebrae |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ligamenta flava have these characteristics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| synovial hinge joint between occipital condyles and superior articular processes of atlas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The atlanto-occipital joint is stabilized by how many ligaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This ligament stabilizes the atlanto-occipital joint and is a continuation of the anterior longitudinal ligament |
|
Definition
| anterior atlanto-occipital membrane |
|
|
Term
| This ligament stabilizes the atlanto-occipital joint and connects from the arch of the atlas to posterior margin of foramen magnum |
|
Definition
| posterior atlanto-occipital membrane |
|
|
Term
| This ligament stabilizes the atlanto-occipital joint and is a continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The tectorial membrane is a continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament and continues into |
|
Definition
| internal periosteum of occipital bone |
|
|
Term
| another name for tectorial membrane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| synovial pivoting joint between dens of axis and interior anterior surface of atlas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the atlantoaxial joint is stabilized by how many ligaments |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this ligament consists of transverse, superior, and inferior fibrous bands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cruciform ligament attaches the atlas to what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cruciform ligament attaches the atlas to the foramen magnum, providing a "socket" for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| These ligaments provide attachment from dens to foramen magnum and secure the dens within its "socket" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fracture where vertebral arch separates from the body, usually between superior and inferior articular processes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the body of the vertebra slides anteriorly over the one inferior to it |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bony arthritic growth of vertebral bodies |
|
|
