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Definition
| the treatment required to maintain the original appearance of the textile product during use, cleaning or storage |
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| affected by how a fiber is produced, the number and type of modifications and how it is marketed |
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| relates to the way the production, use, care, and disposal of a fiber or textile product affects the environment |
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From plant, animal, or mineral wources
Cotton, wool, aesbestos (in insulation) |
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| manufactured from chemicals |
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Definition
Groups of fibers w/ similar chemical composition (behave similarly)
Polyester, nylon, acrylic
Lycra- trade name for spandex |
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| What are the 2 Fiber Characteristics? |
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Definition
short fibers measured in inches or centimeters
if there are little hairlike fibers sticking out from string, it is a staple fiber |
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Long, continuous fibers meansured in miles of kiometers
silk
no small fibers stick out from the string (manufactured fibers) |
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When manufactured fibers are produced in large bundls (filament length) and crimped prior to cutting or breaking into staple fibers
Manufactured fibers |
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| Size is referring to the _____ of the fiber |
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Definition
used to measure manufactured fibers
Clothing: 1-7 denier
Carpet: 15-27 denier
Large fibers: give crisp, rough, body and stiffness, more likely to sesist crushing
small fine fibers- softer and drape easier |
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Definition
| Userd to measure natural fibers |
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| What are the four ways to identifiy a fiber? |
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Definition
Visual Inspection
Burn Test
Microscopy
Solubility Tests |
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Definition
| done first, but appearnace and hand can't be used alone for identification |
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Definition
| used to identify a fiber's chemical composition, such as cellullose, protein, mineral, or synthetic |
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Definition
Most useful for identification of natural fibers
wool-scales
Cotton- convolutions |
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Definition
Two simple tests are the alkali test for wool and the acetone test for acetate
Put acetate fibers in acetone and it will dissolve it |
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| affect luster, bulk, body, texture,and hand (pg 37) |
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| Fiber Characteristic of the cross section of Manufactured Fibers |
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Definition
| Controlled by shape of spinnarette and spinning method |
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| Fiber Characteristic of the cross-section of natural fibers |
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Definition
makes difference btw plant or animal
Wool=scales
affected by buildup as plant or animal grows |
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| Molectular Configuration: Polymerization |
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Definition
| THe process of joining small molecules together to form a long chain or a polymer |
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| Molecular Configuration: amorphous |
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Definition
| When molecular chains are arranged in a random or dissorganized fashion |
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| Molecular Configuration: Crystalline |
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Definition
| Chains are parallel to another |
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| What are the properties of Natural Cellulosic Fibers? |
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Definition
GOod absocbency
good conductor of heat
ability to withstand high temperature
low resiliency
lacks loft; packs well into compact yarns
good conductor of electricity
heavy fibers
harmed by mineral acids
attacked by mildew
resistant to moths, but not crickets and silverfish
flammable
moderate resistance to sunlight |
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| Good absorbancy: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| Cloth diapers, towels, comfortable summer clothing |
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| good conductor of heat: importance to customer |
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Definition
| deeps cool/ body heat will pass through the fiber. God for summer clothing, sheer |
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Term
| Ability to withstand high temperature: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| Fabrics can be sterilized by boiling or auto-claving, good in hospitals, ironing |
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| Lacks loft; packs well into compact yarns: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| cotton throw rugs don't bounce back (neg), pack well to get dense, high count fabrics, wind resistant fabrics |
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| Good conductor of electricity: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| don't have static buildup |
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| heavy fibers: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| heavier than comprible fibers, + winter, - summer |
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| Harmed by mineral acids: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| remove acid stains quickly, fruit, fruitjuice |
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| attacked by mildew: Importance to consumer |
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Definition
| little black spots appear, towels, dry and store in a dry area |
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| resistant to moths, but not crickets and silverfish: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| Crickets and silverfish will attack it, dno't have to worry about moths |
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| Flammable: Importance to Consumer |
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Definition
| Smells like burning paper, ignite quickly and burns freely, don't wear near open flame |
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| Moderate resistance to sunlight: importance to consumer |
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Definition
| line so sun doesn't damage them |
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| How are cellulosic fibers classified? |
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Definition
| according to the part of the plant they come from |
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| Which fibers are BAST fibers? |
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Definition
Come from the stem
flax, hemp, bamboo |
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| Which fibers are SEED fibers? |
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Definition
Comes from seed
Cotton, Jute, Coir |
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| Which fibers are LEAF fibers? |
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Definition
Comes from leaf
Pina, Abaca, Sisal |
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