Term
| When a cell secretes a growth factor that binds to receptors on its own membrane preventing it from proliferating, this is an example of_____. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Enzymes that add phosphate to a protein |
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Term
| Regeneration of G protein after cell response: |
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Definition
| Alpha GTP--> GTP-->GDP*Pi |
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Term
| What does it mean when the Kd is equal to the concentration of the ligand? |
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Definition
| Half the receptor has bound to the ligand |
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Term
| When epidermal growth factor binds to its_____ the receptor phosphorylates itself triggering a signal transduction pathway. |
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Definition
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Term
| What do enzyme-linked receptors and growth factor receptors have in common? |
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Definition
| Both possess kinase activity when bound to a hormone |
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Term
| When insulin binds to its G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) what happens next? |
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Definition
| The G protein loses GDP and gains GTP becoming activated |
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Term
| When epinephrine binds to its G-protein linked receptor, _____ is activated producing _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Following its initial activation, how does a G protein become inactivated? |
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Definition
| The G-protein alpha subunit GTP is hydrolyzed to GDP allowing reassociation of the G-protein alpha subunit and beta-gamma subunit |
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Term
| Distinguish the four criteria necessary for genetic material |
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Definition
1. Information to construct organism
2. Replication accurately to pre sere information
3. Transmission from parent to offspring
4. Variation to explain differences within and between species |
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Term
| Type S streptococcus pnemoniae bacterium is lethal and will kill its host. If heat inactivated, the S strain dies and becomes nonlethal. Type R streptococcus pneumonia is a nonvirulent strain of bacteria. What would occur if one were to inject both the R strain and heat-killed S strains into a host organism such as a mouse? |
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Definition
| The R strain would be transformed into a virulent S strain and kill the host |
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Term
| The protein of T2 bacteriophage is labeled with S35 and the DNA with P32. Where would one detect most of the P32 if the T2 bacteriophage were allowed to infect the bacteria? |
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Definition
| Inside the infected bacteriophage |
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Term
| Bacteria are grown in 15N (heavy) medium and then transferred to 14N (light) medium and are allowed to replicate for 1 generation. The DNA is subsequently isolated and centrifuged in CsC12 gradient to yield what type of gradient bands? |
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Definition
| One half-heavy (intermediate to heavy and light) band. |
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Term
| Which of the following statements best describes DNA polymerase? |
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Definition
| It is an enzyme that catalyzes the addition of nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand. |
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Term
| The function(s) of DNA polymerase includes which of the following? |
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Definition
| DNA synthesis, DNA proofreading, and removes RNA primers and fills in the gaps |
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Term
| What process enables a single gene to encode two or more polypeptides that are different in their amino acid sequence? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Degenerate code? |
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Definition
| More than one codon can specify the same amino acid |
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Term
| Which position in codon is variable or degenerate? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following statements about the mRNA start codon is INCORRECT? |
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Definition
| the start codon is usually GGA |
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