Term
| Cost-Effectiveness of Drug Tx |
|
Definition
| $4-7 saved in crime related costs |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| genetic and environmental issues |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| does not need to be voluntary |
|
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Term
|
Definition
Someone who has both and alcohol/drug problem and an emotional/psychiatric problem.
Need to treat both problems. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Affects 8.3% over the age of 12, does not include nicotine |
|
|
Term
| What is a difference between drug abuse and dependence |
|
Definition
Abuse-is a preventable behavior
Dependence-is a treatable disease |
|
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Term
| Drug dependence peaks when? |
|
Definition
| Between the ages of 18 and 25 |
|
|
Term
| Drugs of abuse affect what? |
|
Definition
| The reward system by increasing the concentration of dopamine(ex: ecstasy) |
|
|
Term
| What is the CVS effect of cocaine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does cocaine effect the brains use of glucose? |
|
Definition
| Reduces the neurons ability to use glucose and disrupts brain function. |
|
|
Term
| What is used in the treatment of cocaine overdose? |
|
Definition
| Lorazepam for agitation and haldol for psychotic behavior. |
|
|
Term
| What has cocaine been replaced by? And why? |
|
Definition
| Methamphetamine; stronger, cheaper, and lasts longer-12h |
|
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Term
| Addictive drugs can cause what after long-term use? |
|
Definition
| Physical, psychological and structural changes |
|
|
Term
| What specific changes occur in the brain with long-term drug addiction? |
|
Definition
| The pleasure/reward system(in the ventral tegmental area projecting to nucleus accumbens)has reduced pleasure experience. |
|
|
Term
| What neurotransmitter is related to the pleasure/reward system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of action of marijuana? |
|
Definition
| Increased release of dopamine |
|
|
Term
| What are some of the effects caused by marijuana use? |
|
Definition
-Loss of motor coordination(up to 24 hours)
-Impaired short-term memory
-Delayed reaction time
-Increased risk for accidents
-Dry mouth |
|
|
Term
| How does marijuana compare to cigarettes? |
|
Definition
| Marijuana contains 5X more tar and CO than cigarettes. |
|
|
Term
| What is the most abused drug used at work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of axn of methamphetamine? |
|
Definition
| Releases high levels of dopamine. |
|
|
Term
| What are the effects of methamphetamine? |
|
Definition
-More central effect
-Short-term:
--decreased appetite
--8-24hr
-Long-term:
--potential brain damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dental caries on buccal smooth surface of post. teeth and interproximal ant. teeth
Due to acidic nature of the drug. |
|
|
Term
| What are the withdrawl symptoms of methapmhetamine? |
|
Definition
-Aggression
-depression
-anxiety
-fatigue
-intense craving
-paranoia |
|
|
Term
| What are the indications for methamphetamine? |
|
Definition
-ADHD
-exogenous obesity
-narcolepsy |
|
|
Term
| Is there a better alternative to methamphetamine? |
|
Definition
| Yes, Strattera a non-stimulant |
|
|
Term
| What properties does ecstasy have? |
|
Definition
| A stimulant and a hallucinogenic |
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of axn of ecstasy? |
|
Definition
| Binds to transporters and prevents serotonin from binding. Has the same effect on dopamine neurons. |
|
|
Term
| What are the PCOL effects for ecstasy? |
|
Definition
| euphoria, increased desire for physical contact |
|
|
Term
| What causes life-threatening adverse effects with ecstasy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you treat for stimulant use/abuse? |
|
Definition
-ABC's
-acute
--Ativan-excitement or panic
--risperdal-psychosis
--Matrix model |
|
|
Term
| How much alcohol is a safe level for teens? Pregnant women? People with a history of addiction? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does a person develop alcoholism? |
|
Definition
| By genetic and/or environmental factors |
|
|
Term
| What is the mechanism of axn of alcohol? |
|
Definition
| enhances GABA leading to CNS depression and excites DA neurons in the vetral tegmental area. |
|
|
Term
| Where is ethanol metabolized? |
|
Definition
| 90% in liver, 10% unchanged in urine. |
|
|
Term
| Overdose of alcohol causes what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What organs does alcohol effect? |
|
Definition
| Liver, kidney, and sexual function |
|
|
Term
| Alcohol increases the risk of what type of cancers? |
|
Definition
| Mouth, oropharynx, esophagus, liver, and breast. |
|
|
Term
| What happens with stage 3 alcohol dependence? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some of the medications used to treat alcohol dependence? |
|
Definition
| Disulfram, Naltrexone, and acamprosate |
|
|
Term
| What is ethyl glucoronide? |
|
Definition
| Metabolite of ethanol. 2ml of urine needed to detect in assay. detectable up to 2 days. |
|
|
Term
| What kind of effect do inhalants have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some consequences of inhalants? |
|
Definition
| SSDS due to cardiac arrhythmia. |
|
|
Term
| What are some risk factors for inhalant abuse? |
|
Definition
| chaotic home environment and poor social coping skills. |
|
|
Term
| What is the #1 adult health problem? |
|
Definition
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