Term
| What 2 systems maintain homeostasis? |
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Definition
| endocrine and nervous system |
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Term
| How does the nervous system maintain homeostasis? |
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Definition
| responds with reapid nerve impulses, and regulationg body activities |
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Term
| How does the endocrine system maintain homeostasis? |
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Definition
| regulate body activities and respond in a slow manner by releasing hormones |
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Term
| The study of normal functioning and disorders of the nervous system |
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Definition
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Term
| The physician who specializes in the diagnosis of the nervous system is |
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Definition
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Term
| the smallest organ system is |
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Definition
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Term
| the most complex of the 11 body system is |
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Definition
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Term
| how many pairs of of cranial nerves? |
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Definition
| 12 pairs that emerge from the base of skull numbered 1-12 |
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Term
| a nerve of the nervous system is? |
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Definition
| bundle of 100-1000 of axons + conn tissue and bl vessels outsid of the brain and spinal cord |
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Term
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Definition
| a bundl of axons in the CNS |
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Term
| what is the function of the spinal cord |
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Definition
| connects the brain through the foramen magnum, protected by the vertebral column, 100 million neurons |
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Term
| the function of the ganglia is? |
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Definition
| sm masses of ner tiss, neuron cell bodies, located outside of brain and spinal cord, |
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Term
| what structure is closely associated with cranial and spinal nerves? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is an enteric plexuses? |
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Definition
| a network of neurons in the walls of the gi tract, help regulate the digestive system |
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Term
| what help regulate the digestive system |
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Definition
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Term
| what is a sensory receptors? |
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Definition
| they are the dendrites of sensory neurons as well as separate specialized cells that monitor changes in the interal and external environment |
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Term
| name 3 broad functions of the nerovus system |
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Definition
| sensory function, integrative function, motor function |
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Term
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Definition
| senses changes in the internal and external environment |
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Term
| explain integrative function |
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Definition
| ANALYZES AND STORES SENSORY INFORMATION |
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Term
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Definition
| repsonds to stimuli with muscle contractions and or gland secretions |
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Term
| 2 subdivisions of the nervous systems |
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Definition
| cns, and peripheral system |
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Term
| what does the cns consist of ? |
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Definition
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Term
| what does the peripheral syst consist of |
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Definition
| somatic nerv and autonomic, and enteric nervous system |
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Term
| what does the peripheral syst consist of |
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Definition
| the peripheral system (the main subdivision in the nervous system) consist of.. cranial nerves and thier branches, spinal nerves and thier branches, gangliea, peripherl nerves, sensory receptors |
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Term
| The somatic nervous system .. describe |
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Definition
| is a sub division of the PNS (subdivision of the pns) has both sensory and motor components, voluntary, somatic sens neurons |
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Term
| how does the somatic nervous system convey information? |
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Definition
| from somatic receptors in head, body wall, and limbs, and from receptors in the special senses to the cns, & it is afferent |
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Term
| What type of neurons does the somaticc nervous system consist of? |
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Definition
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Term
| The automomic nervous system, has 2 components? which? |
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Definition
| sensory and motor components |
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Term
| The autonomic NS (subdivision of the CNS-main division of the ns) describe the sensory component |
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Definition
| afferent, sensory neurons convey info from auto sens receptors (interoceptors) in vesceral organs to the CNS ( visceral organs-stomach or lungs) |
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Term
| Describe the motor component of the Autonomic nervous system |
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Definition
| motor neurons conduct nervv impulses from cns to effectors ( smooth, cardiac-muscles, glands) efferent, involuntary, |
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Term
| Name the 2 branches of the motor component of the autonomic nervos system |
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Definition
| sympathetic division, parasympathetic-- the 2 divisions have opposing action, effectors are usually innervated by both divisions |
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Term
| Sympathetic division is responsible for what 'action' |
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Definition
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Term
| the fight or flight is created by what division?? and works how |
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Definition
| sympathetic div, expends energy speeds up the heart rate |
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Term
| which is the rest and restore division |
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Definition
| parasympathetic division, involved in conserving energy, returns body to normal |
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Term
| The enteric nervous system has what 2 components? |
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Definition
| sensory and motor components |
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Term
| what do the sensory neurons in the ENS monitor |
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Definition
| chemical changes within the GI tract, stretching of the walls of the GI tract |
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Term
| Enteric motor neurons in ENS bovern the contraction and secretion? |
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Definition
| contraction of GI tract smooth muscle, Secretion of GI tract organs, the secretion of HCL from stomach |
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Term
| What nervous system 'division' governs the activity of the endocrine cells |
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Definition
| the activity of GI tract endocrine cells, or secretion of the hormones is done by the enteric nervous system |
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Term
| nervous tissue consists of 2 types of cells? |
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Definition
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Term
| what do the neurons prove in the nervous system |
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Definition
| sensing, thinking, regulating of glandular secretions, muscle activity |
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Term
| What can produce action potentials or nerve impulses in response to stimuli? |
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Definition
| neurons, they are elctrically excitable, changes in the environment are strong enough to initiate action potential |
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Term
| What is the 'action potential" nerve impulse? |
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Definition
| electrical signal that propagates along the surface of the membrane of a neuron, due to the movement of ions across the plasma membrane |
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Term
| name the parts of a neuron |
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Definition
| cell body, nissl bodies, dendrites, axon, axon hillock, axon collaterals, axoplasm, axolemma, axon terminal, synaptic vesicles |
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Term
| name 2 classifications of neurons |
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Definition
| structural and functional classification |
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Term
| define a structual classification of a neuron |
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Definition
| multipolar neuron, bipolar neuron, unipolar neuron |
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Term
| define a functional classification |
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Definition
| afferent or sensory neurons, efferent or motor neurons, interneurons |
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Term
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Definition
| connect afferent neurons to efferent neurons |
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Term
| neuroglia (glia) purpose? |
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Definition
| produce and maintain cerebral spinal fluid, can multiply and divide in mature nervous tissue |
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Term
| 4 type of neuralgia occur in the cns |
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Definition
| astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglia, ependymal cells |
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Term
| 2 type of neuralgia occur in pns |
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Definition
| schwann cells and satellite |
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Term
| neuralgia of the cns, purpose? |
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Definition
| maintain chemical environment, generation of impulses nutrients to neurons, excess neurotransmitters (astrocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| CNS-neuroglia, assist with the migration of neurons during brain development * form blood brain barrier |
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Term
| What does the oligodendroctes do? |
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Definition
| forma supporting network around the cns neurons, produce themyelin sheath around axons of cns neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| protect cns cells from disease by engulfing microbes, migrate to areas of injured nerve tissue where they clear away debris of dead cells |
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Term
| what is the purpose of ependymal cells |
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Definition
| ciliated epithelial cells, line the ventricles of the brain and central canal of the spinal cord |
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Term
| what cells form the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the purpose of schwann cells? |
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Definition
| encircle pns axons (flattend cells) produce part of the myelin sheath, part of regeneration of pns axons |
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