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| a system in which individuals of similar age are placed in a named group and moved as a unit through the culturally defined stages of life. Specific rituals mark each change in age status. |
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| the cultural expectation that a newly married husband will preform certain tasks for his in-laws |
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| goods, often livestock, that are transferred from the family of the groom to the family of the bride in order to legitimize the marriage and the children of the couple |
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| the biological father of a child |
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| an ambiguous phase of ritual transition in which is on the threshold between two states. |
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| the culturally legitimate, or socioloical, father of a child |
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| a lineage based on descent traced through a line of men to a common male ancestor and sharing a joint estate |
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| seasonal movement of livestock herds to maintain optimum grazing conditions; often involves alititudinal shifts |
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| a situation in which people assume a group identity in political opposition to another group at the level |
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| is the degradation of land in ariid and dry sub-humid areas resulting from natural activities influenced by climatic variations |
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| A braNCH of agriculture concerned with the raising of livestock |
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| when a woman marries two or more men |
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| when a man marries two or more women |
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| the soul concept used by tribal individuals as an excellent explanationi of life, death, and dream experiences, part of Tylor's theory of animism as the origin of religion. |
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| mixed black and white blood |
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| Mixed European and indigenous ancestry |
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| A person of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas |
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| suggests that one's veiw of the world is shaped by language, such that the speakers of different languages may live in different perceptual worlds |
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| shamanic state of conciousness |
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| an interpretation of the shamanic trance phenomenon that distinguishes it from tge altered state of conciousness of schizophrenics. A shaman may enter and leave the SSC at will, remains aware of his surroundings and uses the SSC for socially beneficial purposes. |
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| a political philosophy that treats other societies as biologically and culturally inferior, adn therefore unfit for survival. |
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| is a set of views about the relationship between mind and matter, which begins with the claim that mental phenomena are, in some respects, non-physical. |
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| the process by which individual organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce. |
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| the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race. |
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| a ritual marking culturally significant changes in an individual's life cycle, such as birth, puberty, marriage, old age, and death. |
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| a set of repeated actions, often thought to have symbolic value |
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| the study of the effect of any and all aspects of society, including cultural norms, expectations, and context, on the way language is used. |
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| a life-long blood disorder characterized by red blood cells that assume an abnormal, rigid, sickle shape. |
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| a part time religious speicalist with special skills for dealing with the spirit world may help his community by healing by divination and by directing super natural powers against enemies |
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