Term
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Definition
| An individual’s coherent set of values and belief’s about the purpose and scope of government |
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Term
| What do conservatives tend to believe? |
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Definition
| A government is best that governs the least and big government can only infringe on individual, personal, and economic rights. |
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Definition
| Favor extensive governmental involvement in the economy |
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Term
| What are some of the explanations for low voter turnout? |
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Definition
| Cognitive limitations, media, indirect measure of satisfaction, cynicism, time, and artificially contrived result which serves someone else’s interest |
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Term
| What are some of the demographic variables that are related to voting participation? |
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Definition
| Education, income, sex, race (spurious with education), and age |
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Term
| Are younger voters more likely to vote than older voters? |
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Definition
| No, older voters are more likely to vote |
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Term
| What possible impacts might voter turnout have on policy? |
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Definition
| The smaller the pop of voters the easier it is to sway the vote. |
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Term
| Why is Social Security referred to as the “third rail of politics”? |
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Definition
| “If you touch it you die” it pretty much ruins the campaign and politician has no possibility in winning |
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Term
| With regards to Social Security, what is the dependency ratio? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why has the ratio gone from 13/1 when Social Security began to 2.5/1 today? |
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Definition
| The baby boomers are starting to hit the S.S. age |
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Term
| Indirect and direct processes of socialization |
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Definition
Direct: Imitation, anticipatory socialization, political education, Political experience.
Indirect: Apprenticeship, interpersonal transference, generalization. |
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Term
| What is the most consistent predictor of party id? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Periodic changes in party strength, composition, and direction (ex. Cali becoming more democratic after immigration control act) |
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Term
| What are some examples that we gave in class of realignment periods in the US? |
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Definition
| Roosevelt’s New Deal Coalition and Creeping realignment in the south |
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Term
| What does pork barrel mean? |
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Definition
| the appropriation of government spending for localized projects secured solely or primarily to bring money to a representative's district. |
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Term
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Definition
| Current office holder can send free mail to constituents |
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Term
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Definition
| The voters that you please and they go around trying to get votes for their re-elections |
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Term
| In most states, which entity is responsible for the drawing (and the periodic redrawing) of congressional districts? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Incumbency protection plans – drawing the lines of who will favor you |
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Term
| What are some reasons for decreasing competitiveness in US elections? |
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Definition
| Incumbency (win 95% of time), Gerrymandering, Residential Mobility Theory (gerrymandering ourselves) |
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Term
| What are some of the consequences of this decreasing competitiveness? |
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Definition
| A. Lack of responsiveness (A Representative as a trustee vs. delegate and bailout example), B. Increased partisanship (less compromise, political middle disappears) and C. lack of civil discourse (political opposites) |
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Term
| About what percent of House incumbents win re-election? |
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Definition
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Term
| How was government under the Articles of Confederation structured? |
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Definition
| Confederate and Unicameral |
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Term
| What does it mean to have a confederate system of government? |
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Definition
| Alliance of states but states have all power |
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Term
| How many votes did it take to get legislation passed under the Articles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the amendment process for the Articles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was Shays’ Rebellion? |
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Definition
| Farmers (Debtors) vs. Bankers/Merchants (Creditors).Farmers were in debt to the bankers |
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Term
| What were the principle weaknesses under the Articles of Confederation? |
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Definition
| 1. No power to tax 2. No executive power couldn’t regulate commerce 3. Very little power to regulate economy |
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Term
| Why were farmers mad during the time of Shays’ Rebellion? |
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Definition
| Because there wasn’t enough money in the states so the banks were taking farmer’s lands away and they couldn’t vote. |
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Term
| What was the role of the Confederation Congress in handling Shays’ Rebellion? |
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Definition
| the congress could do nothing to help end the rebellion. Without money from taxes or the ability to raise an army, the Federal government’s hands were tied. This exposed the weakness of the Articles of Confederation and gave momentum to the push for a new constitutional convention, eventually resulting in the new constitution being written. |
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Term
| What was the unique experience of Rhode Island as the call for a constitutional convention came about? |
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Definition
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Term
| What were the formal instructions given to the delegates at the constitutional convention? |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the New Jersey Plan? |
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Definition
| (AKA the Small State Plan or the Paterson Plan) was a proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787 |
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Term
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Definition
| (AKA the Randolph Plan, after its sponsor, or the Large-State Plan) was a proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch. The plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787 |
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Term
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Definition
| an agreement that large and small states reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that in part defined the legislative structure and representation that each state would have under the United States Constitution |
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Term
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Definition
| a compromise reached between delegates from southern states and those from northern states during the 1787 United States Constitutional Convention. The debate was over if, and if so, how, slaves would be counted when determining a state's total population for constitutional purposes |
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Term
| Who wrote the Federalist Papers? |
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Definition
| James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander Hamilton |
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Term
| What were the motives of the Framers in casting the Constitution? For instance, why did the Framers, such as Madison, want to guard against faction? |
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Definition
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Term
| For Madison, what was the ‘most dangerous faction'? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who wrote An Economic Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States? |
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Definition
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Term
| Reasons for gradual democratization |
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Definition
| Expansion of suffrages, Direct election of senator, Presumed direct election of the president. |
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Term
| Be able to identify when certain groups were granted suffrage. For instance, with which Amendment did African-American males gain the right to vote? Women? |
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Definition
1800 all white males allowed to vote regardless of if they own property.
In 1870 African males had the right to vote through the 15th amandment.
In 1920 women gained the right to vote through the 19th amendment
26th amendment made it a uniformed age of 18 years old to vote across the country. |
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Term
| How many federal programs exist to fight poverty in the US? What is the cost of these programs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why might states sometimes be referred to as ‘laboratories for democracy’? |
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Definition
| Because gov. allows states to pass laws that they see going national. |
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Term
| How might federalism help improve efficiency in the provision of services to citizens? |
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Definition
| More power to the states. State govt operates more efficiently bc of smaller space |
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Term
| To whom did the Bill of Rights originally apply? Why? |
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Definition
| To federal govt., to give more power to the people by taking it away from them |
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Term
| What is meant by selective incorporation? |
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Definition
| When they pick which part of the Bill of Rights that they want to enforce |
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Term
| Which part of constitution describes the powers of the Legislative Branch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which part of constitution describes the powers of the Executive branch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which part of constitution describes the powers of the Judicial branch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gitlow v. New York (1925) |
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Definition
| Freedom of Speech: Gitlow was passing out communist fliers |
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Term
| McDonald v. City of Chicago (2012) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Violation of the 4th Amendment. Looking for bombs/betting equipment and found porn and didn't have a warrant |
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Term
| Miranda v. Arizona (1966) 5th Amendment |
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Definition
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Term
| Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) |
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Definition
| 6th amend. right to a lawyer |
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Term
| United States v. E.C. Knight Co. (1895) |
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Definition
| Sugar company 98%; Sherman anti trust-act prevent monopolies from forming |
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Term
| Lochner v. New York (1905) |
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Definition
| Liberty of contract – limited the hours of a baker; 14th Amendment |
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Term
| What is the ‘switch in time that saved nine’? |
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Definition
| refers to when Justice Roberts did an unexpected change and voted to support one of FDR's new deal pieces of legislation |
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Term
| How did the Supreme Court’s interpretation of the Constitution change during this time period? |
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Definition
| Gave more power to the congress and less power to the 10th |
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Term
| How many member are in the House of Representatives? |
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Definition
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