Term
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Definition
-Behavioral Perspective
motivated by external factors
Social rewards
Activity rewards
Tangible rewards
need to be enticed & prodded
interested in easy tasks |
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Term
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Definition
Humanistic & cognitive perspective
motivated by factors within themselves
engage in activity because it gives them pleasure
engage in assignments willingly
eager to learn classroom material |
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Term
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Definition
Emphasizes personal freedom, choice, self-determination, & striving for personal growth
stresses the importance of intrinsic motivation and the role of needs
Need for competence/achievement – need to feel competent & capable
Need for autonomy – desire to have our own wishes |
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Term
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Definition
Setting goals
Directs attention to task
Energizes effort
Increases persistence
Promotes the development of new knowledge & strategies |
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Term
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Definition
| goal orientations-focus on task rather than ability; seek to improve performance; enjoy challenges; task-involved learners |
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Term
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Definition
| goal orientations- concerned with outcomes; seek ways to protect themselves; ego-involved learners |
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Term
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Definition
| goal orientations- want to finish fast or avoid work |
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Term
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Definition
| goal orientations- nonacedemic activities compete with schoolwork |
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Term
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Definition
| Daleesha doesn’t have her lab manual – again, so she has to share with another student. Then she pretends to be working, but spends most of her time making fun of the assignment or trying to get answers from other students when your back is turned. She is afraid to try because if she makes an effort and fails, she fears that everyone will know she is “dumb.” |
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Term
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Definition
Stresses importance of interpretations of external events
behavior is determined by our thinking, not rewards
motivated by basic need to understand our environment |
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Term
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Definition
Everyone has strong needs to understand why something occurs
Interpretations have strong motivational effects |
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Term
| Attribution Theory Characteristics |
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Definition
Characteristics of success/failure
cause is seen as internal/external
seen as stable/unstable
perceived as controllable or not |
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Term
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Definition
| Students who perceive their success as being due to internal factors (i.e., effort) are more likely to have higher self-esteem. |
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Term
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Definition
| If a student attributes positive outcome to a stable cause, there is an expectation of future success. |
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Term
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Definition
| Failure due to external factors causes anger. Failure due to internal factors may cause guilt. |
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Term
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Definition
create a state of motivation to learn
develop in students the trait of being motivated to learn |
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Term
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Definition
| Recognize/reproduce information |
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Term
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Definition
| use algorithm to get right answer |
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Term
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Definition
| go a step beyond/transform information |
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Term
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Definition
| ask students to state a preference |
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Term
| Stimulating Motivation to Learn |
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Definition
Model interest in learning
Project intensity & enthusiasm
Induce interest
Reduce anxiety
Boost curiosity
Help students generate their own motivation
Emphasize concept of improving one’s ability |
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