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| a group of words that does contain both a subject and a verb |
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| stands alone as a complete sentence |
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| cannot stand alone as a complete sentence; it must begin with a subordinating conjuction |
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| contains one independent clauses |
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| contains two or more independent clauses |
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| contains at least one subordinate and one independent clause |
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| compound/complex sentence |
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| contains at least two independent clauses and one subordinate clause |
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| word ending in -ing and functioning as a nound in the sentence |
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| the basic form of the verb before conjugation begins with the word "to" |
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| word ending in -ing or -ed and functioning mostly as an adjective |
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| contains two statements which are balanced, but opposite: ex: "its a privilage, not a punishment" |
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| has its main clause at the beginning and is followed by additional phrases modifiers etc. It is the normal structure of everday english sentences: ex."A voice emerged from among the turned-up collar, stole, scarves, and hat, a voice like an unoiled gate, but somehow not unpleasant" |
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| has its main clause at the end of the sentence just before the period with other phrases or modifiers leading up to it |
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| conjunctions within a sentence are omitted, producing a fast-paced and rapied prose |
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| the use of many conjunctions has an opposite effect, it slows the pace |
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| the repetition of the same word or group words at the beginning of successive clauses |
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| a device in which normally unassociated ideas words or phrases are placed next to one another often creating an effect of surprise or wit |
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| refers to the grammatical or structural similarity between sentences or parts of sentences. It involves an arrangement of words phrases sentences and paragraphs so that elements of equal importance are equally developed and similarly phrased |
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| pathetic or emotional appeal to an audience |
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| "expert" appeal:the person speaking has a right to speak: he or she is credible |
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| logical, reasoned argument showing a "presence of wisdom" |
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| reason from examples and observations |
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| reason from a truth as in geometry |
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| three part argument using deductive reasioning |
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| citation of information from people recognized for their special knowledge |
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| your opponent is not there so you speak on his or her behalf |
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| this false argument has no "gray" area: it's either one or the other |
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| one or more terms within the argument need to be defined |
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| an argument that attacks the person not the issue |
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| slippery slope/ domino theory |
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| an argument which states the one action will result in a negative/ positive result |
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| eerybody's doing it:bandwagon theory |
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