Term
most common post-op complication?
affects ___% of pts |
|
Definition
Atelectasis
25% of abd surgery pts |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of post op fever w/i 48 hrs of surgery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| DVT is more common in which iliac vv? |
|
Definition
LEFT
**d/t aortic bifurcation crossing and compressing left vv. |
|
|
Term
| virchow's triad--> indicates risk for what? |
|
Definition
stasis
endothelial injury
hypercoag state
**risk factors for THROMBOSIS |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| v-q scan (aka doppler ultrasound) |
|
|
Term
| most vulnerable time for an MI |
|
Definition
| w/i 6 months of the first MI |
|
|
Term
| in type 1 DM pts how much of LA and SA insulin shoud be admin the day of surgery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| marked increase in glucose and insulin requirements post op indicates what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what meds can be used in pts w/ supravent arrythmias? |
|
Definition
verapamil
esmolol
digoxin |
|
|
Term
| pts w/ valvular heart disease or prosthetic valves require what meds pre-op? |
|
Definition
ABX for prophylaxis against bacteremia
ampicillin and gentamicin |
|
|
Term
| how many days before surgery should warfarin be stopped? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when can heparin be resumed post-op? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common inherited coagulation disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is used for immediate reversal of heparin anticoag? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| for elective surgeries in pts w/ liver dz what should be given 1st? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| healing where tissue is cleanly incised and reapproximated. repair occurs w/o complications |
|
Definition
| first (primary) intention |
|
|
Term
| healing that occurs in open wounds through formation of granulation tissue and eventual coverage of the defect by spontaneous migration of epithelial cells. |
|
Definition
| second (secondary) intention |
|
|
Term
| most burns and infected wounds heal in this mannor |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
combo of primary and secondary healing.
wound allowed to heal open under carefully maintained occlusive dressing for 5 days, then closed primarily. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| anastomoses of what parts of the GI system are MOST LIKELY to leak? |
|
Definition
Colon and esophagus
**least likely --> stomach and sm intestine! |
|
|
Term
| most common bacteria in wound infxns and around foreign bodies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| systemic response results in infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| systemic response occurs in the absence of infection as in burns, trauma, and pancreatitis |
|
Definition
| SIRS (systemic inflamm response syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| what is the single most important procedure for preventing nosocomial infxn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most cellulitis is caused by what organisms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crepitant abcess or cellulitis w/ brown seropurulent exudates and mously odor. Also show air buubles (gangrenous gas) on X-ray indicates what type of infxn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| infection that starts in an infected hair follicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| infxn of the apocrine sweat glands of the axilla or groin area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common technical causes of dehescence? (2) |
|
Definition
infxn
excessively tight sutures |
|
|
Term
in the abdomen, what does not need to be sutured?
what does and w/ what materials? |
|
Definition
peritoneum does NOT
ant and post fasciae w/ nonabsorbable or slowly absorbable suture |
|
|
Term
| total body water comprise ____% of body wt? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ICF is __/__ of total body water? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ECF is divided into what 2 compartments? |
|
Definition
1. plasma (5% TBW)
2. interstitial fluid (15% TBW) |
|
|
Term
| ECF contains what 3 components? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ICF contains what 2 components? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Plasma H2O contains more ________ than interstitial fluids? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
pure water deficits is represented biochemically as what electrolyte imbalance?
how to tx? |
|
Definition
HYPERnatremia
pure water replacement :) |
|
|
Term
| what hormone is released as a result of anesthesia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| electrolyte imbalance that is cheifly a loss of water |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| renal potassium excretion is regulated by what hormone? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what types of pts are at greater risk of HYPERkalemia? |
|
Definition
burn
trauma
crush injuries |
|
|
Term
| Adrenal insufficiency leads to what electrolyte abnormality? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what to T-waves look like in pts w/ HYPERkalemia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 approaches to emergent tx of HYPERkalemia? |
|
Definition
1. insulin
2. NaHCO3
3. Calcium
4. kayexalate
5. albuterol |
|
|
Term
| what pts are at risk of developing HYPOkalemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Likely causes of hypokalemia (3)? |
|
Definition
1. diuretic use
2. alkalosis
3. incr aldosterone activity |
|
|
Term
| after what types of surgery should serum calcium levels be checked? |
|
Definition
| thyroid or parathyroid surgery |
|
|
Term
| HYPOcalcemia reflected by what EKG changes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| + Chvostek sign indicates what type of electrolyte abnormality? |
|
Definition
HYPOcalcemia
(tap on facial nn) |
|
|
Term
| Most frequent causes of HYPERcalcemia? |
|
Definition
HYPERparathyroidism
cancer
hyperthyroid
milk-alkalai sx |
|
|
Term
| serum Ca levels above what level is a MEDICAL EMERGENCY? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Management for HYPERcalcemia includes use of what diuretic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical manifestation of HYPOmagnesemia resembles what other electrolyte abnormality? |
|
Definition
HYPOcalcemia
--> hyperreactive tendon reflexes! |
|
|
Term
| Antacid use can ultimately lead to what electrolyte abnormality? |
|
Definition
HYPOphospatemia
-->antacids bind to phosphate |
|
|
Term
| In Resp Acidosis are CO2 levels are Incr or Decr? |
|
Definition
| INCR-->d/t HYPOventilation? |
|
|
Term
| Resp Alkalosis CO2 levels incr or decr? |
|
Definition
DECREASE!--> d/t HYPERvent
give off CO2! |
|
|
Term
| most common acid/base disturbance in surgical patients? |
|
Definition
Metabolic alkalosis
Incr in HCO3 |
|
|
Term
| most common noscocomial infxn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common example of mixed acid/base disturbances in surgical pts? |
|
Definition
metabolic ACIDOSIS and Resp ALKALOSIS
only small change in [H] ion |
|
|
Term
| what is used as a measurement of nutritional status? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what hormones are released by the body during hypovolemic shock? |
|
Definition
| aldosterone and vasopressin (ADH) |
|
|
Term
| how long does the burn surface remain sterile for? (hrs) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the most common cause of hospitalized burn victim DEATH? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of nutritional deficiency is seen in a burn victim? |
|
Definition
| protein deficiency--> d/t incr met demands |
|
|
Term
| most serious type of electrical burns? |
|
Definition
| flame burns from ignited clothing |
|
|
Term
| in electrical burns, the greatest muscular injury occurs where? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| palatine tonsils, lingual tonsils, and adenoids compose what? |
|
Definition
| Waldeyer's ring (lymph tissues) |
|
|
Term
| submental, submandibular, parotid, retroauricular, and occipital areas compose what lymphatics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| internal jugular chain, and supraclavicular areas compose what area of lyphatics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lung, breast, and GI cancers drain primarily into what lymph nodes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cervical lymphatics drain into what structures on the left and right? |
|
Definition
L-thoracic duct
R- accessory thoracic duct |
|
|
Term
| thoracic duct empties into what structure? |
|
Definition
| internal jugular vv at the junction of the internal jugular and subclavian vv |
|
|
Term
| most common lesion of the oral cavity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common oral site for malignant melanoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thyroid gland gets blood supply w/ what aa? |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior thyroid aa |
|
|
Term
| thyroid gland lies anterior to what structure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what connects thyroid to trachea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| these thyroid cells produce, store, and release T4 and T3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| these thyroid cells secrete calcitonin? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
80% of circulating hormone is what form?
which form is most active? |
|
Definition
80% circulating = T4
T3 most active! |
|
|
Term
| how is toxic multinodular goiter different from grave's dz? |
|
Definition
| no exopthalamus in toxic multinod. |
|
|
Term
| What TSH levels indicate thyrotoxicosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most important study in evaluating thyroid nodule? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is acute supperative thyroiditis tx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how is subacute thyroiditis tx? |
|
Definition
ASA or steroids
SELF-LIMITING! |
|
|
Term
what test elicits the feeling of strangulation when hands are raised above head??
what is it used to diagnose? |
|
Definition
pemberton's test
Thyroid CA |
|
|
Term
most common thyroid cancer?
arises in what cells? |
|
Definition
| papillary-->from follicular cells |
|
|
Term
| FNA cannot dx what type of thyroid CA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hyperparathyroidism clinical presentation include what characteristics? |
|
Definition
stones
bones
moans
groans
psych overtones |
|
|
Term
| aa supply to breast come from what 4 aa? |
|
Definition
1. internal thoracic aa
2. lateral thoracic aa
3. thoracoacromial aa
4. post. intercostal aa |
|
|
Term
| vv drainage of breast (2) |
|
Definition
1. axillary vv
2. internal thoracic vv |
|
|
Term
| ____% of breast lymph drains to axillary lymph nodes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| leading cause of death of women ages 40-55 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common site for breast CA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| best time to perform self-breast screening? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in what type of breast cancer is tx w/ CHEMO 1st then radiation, mastectomy, or both? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| squamous cell carcinoma of lung originate in what tissues? |
|
Definition
| epithelial tissues of proximal airway (trach, mainstem bronchi, lobar and segmental bronchi) |
|
|
Term
| adenocarcinoma of the lungs originate in what tissues? |
|
Definition
| goblet cells of MAJOR BRONCHI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of lymphoma more likely in younger age groups? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of lymphoma has a better prognosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of lymphoma seen in older age groups (> 50 yoa) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PE with decr breath sounds, decr diaphragmatic excursion, dullness to percussion, local tenderness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| type of pleural effusion that usually occurs in the case of underlying supperative lung dz? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most likely pathogen in thoracic empyema |
|
Definition
| STAPH > e. coli > pseudomonas ect |
|
|
Term
most important noninvasive test to diagnose thoracic empyema?
proceedure of choice for diagnosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most hemothoraces are tx w/ |
|
Definition
| large bore closed chest tube drainage |
|
|
Term
this type of of pleural effusion is most often associated with a surgical proceedure (CT or esophageal operation)?
how is it tx? |
|
Definition
chylothorax
tx w/ closed tube drainage and low fat diet |
|
|
Term
| tension ptx and open ptx are both what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spontaneous ptx occurs most commin in what types of pts |
|
Definition
tall thin males
marfan sx
COPD |
|
|
Term
| PE w/ decr breath sounds, decr fremitus on involved side, pt. tachycardia/tachypnic indicate what disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
standard test for diagnosing PTX?
what is seen? |
|
Definition
| PA and lat CXR--> show absence of pulm vasculature and defining lung border |
|
|
Term
| where is a chect tube placed? |
|
Definition
5th intercostal space at the midaxillary line
use blunt dissection |
|
|
Term
| mediastinal masses found in this area are more frequently malignant? |
|
Definition
Anterior
thymoma>lymphoma |
|
|
Term
| diagnostic test of choice for mediastinal mass? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic tumors generally found in this area of the mediastinum |
|
Definition
superior portion of posterior mediastinum
from intercostal or symp nn |
|
|
Term
| characterized as abnormal dilation of the bronchi? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| are gastric cancers more common in the greater or lesser curvature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common pathogen seen in bronchiectasis? |
|
Definition
| H. FLU > Staph > K pneumo > psuedomonas |
|
|
Term
| imaging study of choice for confirmation of bronchiectasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of broncholithiasis in the US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of cancer related deaths in both women and men? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of lung CA makes up majority? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| esophageal motility d/o w/ failure of the esophagus to relax and loss of peristalsis-->painless dysphagia and dilation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| achalasia has dysphagia for what type(s) of food? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heller proceedure is used for what disorder? |
|
Definition
achalasia
= esophageal myotomy |
|
|
Term
| esophageal diverticulum (zenker's) originates in what area? |
|
Definition
| killilan triangle --> post. wall of esophagus |
|
|
Term
| most common sx of esophageal diverticulum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common GI disorder in the western world? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Endoscopy that hows "salmon pink" epithelium is seen in what disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| spontaneous postemetic esophageal perforation is also known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| strong alkali ingestion produces what type of necrosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acid ingestion produces what type of necrosis? |
|
Definition
| coagulation--> eschar formation (shields deeper tissues) |
|
|
Term
| nearly all severe injuries of corrosive esophagitis is caused by what type of agents? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| esophageal CA presents with dysphagia of what type(s) of foods? |
|
Definition
| solids then progresses to liquids over months |
|
|
Term
| radiographic studies show an "apple core" appearance in what disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Unexplained hyperglycemia in a patient w/ a central line can indicate what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| main source of small bowel nutrition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| main source of colonic nutrition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is calcium absorbed |
|
Definition
duodenum-actively
jejunum-passively |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most gallstones are made of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the blood supply to the liver? |
|
Definition
75% hepatic vv
25% hepatic aa |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of acute abdomenal surgery in US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do patients w/ peritonitis present differently than those w/ kidney stones? |
|
Definition
stones can't stand still!
peritonitis curled in a ball |
|
|
Term
| abdominal pain out of proportion to the exam-->must r/o |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hypotension and pulsatile abdominal mass--> must r/o |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of RUQ pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of GI tract LLQ pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what endocrine disorders can cause abdominal pain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common type of inguinal hernia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| boundaries of hesslebach's triangle |
|
Definition
1. inferior epigastric vessels
2. inguinal ligament
3. lateral border of the rectus sheath |
|
|
Term
| what nn runs w/ the spermatic cord in the inguinal canal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common hernia in both men and women |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what abdominal mm layer is the inguinal ligament derived from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does the inguinal ligament attach? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the boundaries of the femoral canal? |
|
Definition
1. coopers ligament posteriorly
2. inguinal ligament anteriorly
3. femoral vv laterally
4. laclunar ligament medially |
|
|
Term
| do men or women suffer more frequently from femoral hernias? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| for a femoral catheter, how can the anatomy of the right groin be remembered? |
|
Definition
NAVEL
Nerve, Artery, Vein, Empty space, Lyphatics
vv in MEDIAL to femoral aa pulse |
|
|
Term
| what direction is the femoral vv from the femoral arterial pulse? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most commonly injured abdominal organ with blunt trauma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what type of burn exhibits blisters? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what lab value is used to asses smoke inhalation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what fluid is used in pts w/i the first 24 hrs of a burn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what prophylaxis is MANDATORY in all burn pts? |
|
Definition
tetanus
except those who are actively immunized w/i last 12 mos |
|
|
Term
| what electrolyte must be closely monitored in burn pts? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name of gastric/duodenal ulcer seen in burn pts? prophylactively tx'd w/ what? |
|
Definition
Curling (think curling iron=burn)
tx w/ H2 blocker! |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of significant GI bleed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| diagnostic test of choice in UGI bleed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is pain increase or decreased with food intake in pts w/ duodenal ulcers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what syndrome is associated w/ duodenal ulcers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what artery is involved in bleeding duodenal ulcers? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what marks the end of the duodenum and the beginning of the jejunum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common indicaction for abdominal surgery in pts w/ crohns |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 cause of SBO in adults of industrialized world? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| #1 cause of SBO WORLDWIDE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| absolute signs for operation on a partial SBO? |
|
Definition
peritoneal signs
free air under diaphragm |
|
|
Term
| what type of cancer is classically associated w/ mets to the small bowel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common general surgical abdominal emergency in pregnant women? |
|
Definition
appendicitis
***may be in RUQ bc of large uterus! |
|
|
Term
| what is the difference bw McBurney's incision and Rocky-Davis incision |
|
Definition
McBurney's=angled down w/ ext. oblique fibers
Rocky-Davis=transverse (straight across) |
|
|
Term
| how do you locate the appendix during surgery? |
|
Definition
| follow taenia down to where they converge onto the appendix |
|
|
Term
| what do carcinoid tumors secrete? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of colonic fistula |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common type of colonic fistula? how does it present? |
|
Definition
colovescicular (colon and bladder)
presents w/ incr UTI's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common sx of rectal cancer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| microcytic anemia in a man or post menopausal female is what until proven otherwise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are most colon polyps found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common site of diverticuLOSIS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| best test for diverticuLITIS |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of massive GI bleeding in adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which type of volvulus is a emergency, cecal or sigmoidal? |
|
Definition
Cecal!
Simoidal can be reduced endoscopically at first! |
|
|
Term
| is crohn's or UC generally associated w/ anal fissures? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is crohn's dz seen more in males of females |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is U.C seen more in males of females |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the hallmark of UC (in terms of initial sx) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which type of IBD is mouth to anus |
|
Definition
crohns
(UC think "col"itis-->colon) |
|
|
Term
| which IDB is associated w/ skip lesions? |
|
Definition
crohns
(healthy tissue bw 2 areas of diseased tissue) |
|
|
Term
| crohn's disease involves what part of the bowel wall? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UC affects what part of the bowel wall? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which IBD more commonly has anal involvement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which IBD is more likely to have rectal involvement |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which IBD can lead to toxic megacolon as a complication |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which IBD places someone at greater cancer risk? |
|
Definition
| UC > Crohns (appros 2x's) |
|
|
Term
| what meds are used for IBD flare-ups |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which IBD shows "cobblestoning" lesions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which IBD is associated w/ pseudopolyps |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which IBD has a "lead pipe" appearance on barium enema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of portal htn in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common physical finding in pts w/ portal htn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clinical findings of portal htn? (4) |
|
Definition
1. caput medusae
2. hemorrhoids
3. splenomegaly
4. esophageal varies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thrombosis of the hepatic vv |
|
|
Term
| most feared complication of portal htn |
|
Definition
| bleeding from esophageal varices |
|
|
Term
| diagnostic test of choice to find esophageal varices |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what lab values correlate w/ degree of encephalopathy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what medication is used to tx encephalopathy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the name of the lymph node generally found over the cystic duct? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which aa is susceptible to injury during cholecystectomy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the boundaries of calot's triangle |
|
Definition
1. cystic duct
2. common hepatic duct
3. cystic aa |
|
|
Term
| what is elevated when the common bile duct is obstructed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where are bile acides reabsorbed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is a kocher incision and what is it used fr? |
|
Definition
| right subcostal incision used for cholecystectomy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| referred right subscapular pain in biliary colic |
|
|
Term
| what is a major feared complication of ERCP |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common sign of pancreatitis on AXR |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ranson's cirteria is used categorize what disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| least common cause of pancreatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bluish discoloration near the periumbilical area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ecchymosis or discoloration of the flank |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ecchymosis of the inguinal ligament |
|
|
Term
| where do most pancreatic cancers arise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| boundaries for breast dissection |
|
Definition
Superior: axillary vv
Posterior: Long thoracic nn
Lateral: Latissimus dorsi mm
Medial: Pectoral minor mm |
|
|
Term
| what 4 nerves must be identified during axillary dissection |
|
Definition
1. long thoracic nn
2. thoracodorsal nn
3. medial pectoral nn
4. lateral pectoral nn |
|
|
Term
| where is the long thoracic nn located and what does it innervate? |
|
Definition
midaxillary line
innervates serratus anterior mm |
|
|
Term
| location of thoracodorsal nn and what mm it inervates |
|
Definition
LATERAL to the long thoracic nn
innervates lattisimus dorsi mm |
|
|
Term
| location of medial pectoral nn and what does it innervate? |
|
Definition
runs lateral/through to pec minor and LATERAL to lateral pec nnn
innervates both pec minor and major |
|
|
Term
| location of lateral pectoral nn and what does it innervate |
|
Definition
runs MEDIAL to medial pec nn (orientation to brachial plexus)
innervates pec major |
|
|
Term
| what deformity is seen when the long thoracic nn is cut? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the lateral and medial lyphatic drainage of the breast |
|
Definition
lateral: axillary lymph nodes
medial: parasternal that run w/ the
internal mammary aa |
|
|
Term
| most common type of breast cancer |
|
Definition
| infiltrating ductal carcinoma |
|
|
Term
| how does drainage of the L and R adrenals differ? |
|
Definition
L drains into L renal vv
R into IVC |
|
|
Term
| 2 classic clues of primary hyperaldosteronism |
|
Definition
1. HTN
2. HYPOkalemia (keep Na, lose K) |
|
|
Term
| what is the blood supply to the PARAthyroid glands? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common cause of hypercalcemia in hospitalized pts |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what aa supply the spleen? |
|
Definition
splenic (from celiac trunk)
short gastric aa (from gastroepiploic aa) |
|
|
Term
| what is vv drainage from the spleen? |
|
Definition
| portal vv via splenic vv and gastroepiploic vv |
|
|
Term
| what is kehr's sign and what is it assoc w/? |
|
Definition
| L shoulder pain seen w/ splenic rupture |
|
|
Term
| most common bacteria in ICU pneumo |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. claudication
2. impotence
3. atrophy |
|
|
Term
| most common cause of embolus from the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what must you look for postoperatively after reperfusion of a limb? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| can a pt have a pulse and have compartment sx? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which vv crosses the neck of the AAA proximally? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which renal vv is longer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pfannensteil incision used most commonly for what proceedures? |
|
Definition
gyno
for c-section/hysterectomy |
|
|
Term
| chevron or mercedes benz insicion of the abdomen used for what proceedure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which vagus nn in anterior? |
|
Definition
| Left-->rotated during embryology |
|
|
