Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Values ( whats important)
2. Conveyance ( how do things get across)
3. Symbol ( a "thing that represents something else) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Father of American anthropology. Came up with the cultural relativism: the idea that every culture has its own history and can explain their behavior based on that culture. |
|
|
Term
| 4 subfields on anthropology |
|
Definition
1. Archaelogy- study of artifacts of human culture
2. Physical anthropology- study of human remains and evolution
3. Cultural anthropology- the study of living contemporary cultures
4. Linguistic anthropology- the study of origins and interaction of languages |
|
|
Term
| 5 steps to anthropological research design |
|
Definition
1. Formulation ( idea, hypothesis, background search, history
2. Data collection ( fieldwork, info, kinship, politics)
3. Analysis and interpretation ( lab, patterns, observations)
4.Conclusion and reformulation ( more questions)
5. Presentation ( academic journals, documentaries, album, museums) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Participant observation- follow, participate, observe, take notes on subject |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Written work about a study on a specific culture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| What your culture expects of you |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Behaviors we can see in every culture across the world. EX. Justice, religion, kinship and exchange system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The natives point of view |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The scientists point of view |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ranking and comparing cultures usually believing that we do things better |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| No culture is superior to any other culture when comparing systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Going from one culture to another that is different from your norm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
All encompassing manuscript
Ecological focus > ethnography
Societal evolution
Society organization > economic, political, social, ideology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Social organization
2. Economic organization
3. Political organization > leaders?
4. Ideology > religious organization |
|
|
Term
| Political organizations were developed by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Social- people who inhabit a certain area based on kinship and family. Age groups.
2. Economic: hunting and gathering. Nomadic people. Foragers. Basic needs, personal items, temp, housing.
3. Political: no leaders. Egalatarian societies where decisions are made on consensus. People = status
4. Ideology: animism. Belief that things in nature have a spirit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Social: based on family, kin group, extended family, age, sex groups. 100-1000 members.
2. Economic: some class/status. Permanent homes, clan systems. Subsistence: agricultural,pastoral > abundance
3. Political: leader of some sort, conflicts decided by leader
4. Ideology: animism, supernatural beings EX. Sun god
5. Material culture: come from local trade; clothing, pottery EX. Yonanomo |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Social: very large 1,000's of people. Status levels- warriors, artists, merchant, peasant. Family age, sex, kinship
2. Economic: marketing and trading is very important in getting matetials and food.Social stratification based on wealth, power and prestige. Agriculute. Arts and crafts.
3. Political: leader with vast amount of control. Little beurocracy.Control lots of little towns.
4. Ideology: variety. Deity> gods based on different people and qualities. Levels of religios power. Religious hierarchy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Social: members consist of social classes, still based on interest, family, hobbies, and jobs. Multiple statuses.
2. Economic: leader and conflict.Can be one leader or many leaders depending on the culture
3. Political: centralized form of government with the power to collect taxes, draft men for work or war, decree and enforce laws
4. Ideology: Often there are multiple religions |
|
|
Term
| Purpose of kinship systems |
|
Definition
1. Define the primary social organization
2. Method of organizing people
3. Define who is eligible to marry
4. Define special relationships among people
5. Organized along lines of descent according to gender and age |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Consanguinity: related by blood
2. Affinity: related by marriage(inlaws)
3. Fictive kinship: not related by blood or marriage but has a special relationship to the family
4. Terms of address: "mom" what you call a person
5. Terms of reference: "mother" defining the relationship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Bilateral descent: both sides of the family are related to you
2. Unilateral descent: one side of the family are considered related to you |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Individual chooses line of descent by generation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Women are matrilineal Men are patrilineal |
|
|
Term
The Dube Ju'hoansi:
Live Lightly on the Land |
|
Definition
Do not use more than need, over exploit the land
Temporary settlements
Animism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Without formal institutions,no leaders, no status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Limited number of names available (30 or so). Named after kinsmen not parents. *Shares names shares role |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Respectful parents and children. Adjacent generations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| familiar, friends, grandparents (same/alternating generations) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Guidance with naming problems. Older person determines outcome. Young wi'ed at mercy of the old. As the age they gain status. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sharing; give something to someone they will give something back. Does not have to be equal or immediate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Things, horses, radio, clothing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plants in a particular region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animals in a particular region |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (Common solution) when areguements cant be settled someone leaves the group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| (3ways) 1. Argue 2. Fighting 3. Deadly force |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Family owned equal access. This protects from outsiders. Titled land. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Family owned equal access. This protects from outsiders. Titled land. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cattle rachers. Clientship, cash economy, intermarrying, > outside group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Settle conflicts in courts. > outside groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Spiritual leader; anyone can learn to become one.(N/um spirits inside human guts) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Principles of taking care of your guest |
|
|
