Term
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Definition
The philosophical assumption underlying the science of behavior analysis that focuses on practical solutions (e.g. if it works don't fix it). which at the level of behavior, involves the relation between, consists of the relation between the setting (A) and the behavior (B) is because of the consequence (c).
Practical Pragmatism. |
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Term
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Definition
Focuses on Practical Solutions
Setting A; Behavior B is because of Consequence C.
Cooper 12-13
The value of an explanation is determined by the extent to which it leads to effective action for a particular goal. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is ontogenic. Emitted. It occurs as a function of both antecedents and consequences. |
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Term
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Definition
Behavior that is inherited genetically.
Elicited
Respondent Behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| It is Phylogenic. Elicited, it occurs reflexively in response to antecedent stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| Behaviors that are learned from an organism's interaction with its environment (history of reinforcement) |
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Term
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Definition
It is a defining feature of behavior analysis.
Involves arranging events to evaluate their influence on other events.
Systematic Manipulation of some events (dependent variable).In order to interpret and have confidence in the results, other events (extraneous variables) should be managed so they cannot be interpreted as alternative explanations for the results(confounds).
Cooper 5-6 |
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Term
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Definition
Knowledge is derived from experience as opposed to introspection, common sense, or authority.
Knowledge is built on objective observation and measurement.
Uses Experimentation to understand the world |
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Term
A child kicks the doctor after being tapped in the knee with a patellar hammer? The response is?
A. Phylogenic
B.Emitted
C. Ontogenic |
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Definition
A. Phylogenic
Since this behavior of Reflex is inherited.
Cooper 27-33 |
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Term
| Controlled Experimentation |
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Definition
| Objective experimentation entails objective measurement of carefully defined phenomena and detailed descriptions of procedures. |
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Term
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Definition
Behavioral analysts prefer simpler and more established explanations for a phenomenon rather than more complex ones.
The simplest theory requiring the fewest assumptions must be ruled out before considering more complex explanations.
Being Parsimonious Means ruling out the simpler explanations before considering other complex interpretations. |
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Term
A child kicks the doctor after being jabbed in the shoulder with a hypodermic needle.
This response is:
A. Ontogenic
B, Phylogenic
C, Ellicited |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| This is the Respondent Behavior. It occurs reflexively in response to antecedent stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
Emitted By Organism.
Operant Behavior.
Selected by an organism's interactions with its environment. |
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Term
| Three Levels Scientific understanding are |
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Definition
| Description, Prediction, and Control |
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Term
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Definition
| The first level of scientific understanding involves deriving quantifiable and classifiable facts (data) from systematically observed events. |
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Term
Standardized Test Scores for fourth graders in the district ranged from 75-135.
C. Control
B.Prediction
C. Description |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Second Level of scientific understanding. When repeated observations show a consistent relationship between two events, that relationship can be used to predict the probability of one event occurring when the other event occurs. |
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Term
Users who complete at least 85% of the modules are more likely to pass the exam.
A. Description
B. Control
C. Prediction |
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Definition
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Term
When special receptacles were installed next to trash bins at all home football games, trash collection fees dropped by 11% for the season.
A. Control
B. Prediction
C. description |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The third and highest level of scientific understanding is established through experimentation, confirming that manipulating one event (the IV) results in a reliable change in another event (the DV), and the change is only attributable to that independent variable.
Different Types of Control: experimental, stimulus, and scientific control. |
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Term
Withdrawal design data indicate that when children get training, scores go up; when they don't, scores go down.
A. Prediction
B. Control
C. Description |
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Definition
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Term
| Philosophical assumptions underlying the science of behavior analysis are |
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Definition
1. Determinism
2. Empiricism
3. Parsimony
4. Pragmatism
5. Selectionism
6. Replication *
7. Experimentation *
8. Philosophical Doubt *
Not formally listed on the 6th edition test content outline.* |
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Term
| Determinism (lawfulness of behavior) |
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Definition
| The world is an orderly, predictable, and lawful place where all events occur as a product of cause and effect. |
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Term
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Definition
Anything that evolves does so because of the consequences of behavior, meaning that behavior that results in positive consequences survives and produces more sophisticated repertoires.
Consequences of Behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Controlled comparison of the dependent variable under two or more conditions (Independent Variable) is required to assess if one event caused another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Experiments should be repeated to determine the reliability and usefulness of their findings, and to discover and correct mistakes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Truth should always be questioned with skepticism by viewing clinical work with a critical eye. |
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Term
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Definition
| Holds that all human behavior, including private events, like thinking and feeling, can be understood or explained as a result of interaction with the environment. |
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Term
| Four Branches of Behavior Analysis |
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Definition
1. Behaviorism
2. Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)
3. ABA
4. Professional practice guided by the science of behavioral analysis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Examines the philosophical, theoretical, historical, and methodological issues within the science of behavior |
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Term
| EAB (Experimental Analysis of Behavior |
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Definition
| Deals with research on basic processes and principles, and is mainly conducted in laboratories. |
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Term
| Professional practice guided by the science of behavioral analysis. |
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Definition
| Implementing ABA procedures within their professions. A general education teacher implements an independent group contingency in her classroom that increases participation and decreases disruptive behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
A science based on the use of learning principles to improve socially important behavior.
Translate basic principles into widely applicable methods for improving social problems. |
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Term
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Definition
GET A CAB
1. Generality
2. Effective
3. Technological
4. Applied
5. Conceptually Systematic
6. Analytic
7. Behavioral |
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Term
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Definition
Explains that ABA treatment must target measurable and observable behavior.
Requires studying what people do.
Means focusing on behavior as the basis of intervention and target for change.
Refers to defining the problem in terms of the behaviors that need to be changed.
Behaviors are observable and measurable |
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Term
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Definition
Treatment must aim to improve socially significant behaviors in real-world settings.
How do you increase social behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
Says ABA procedures must be defined clearly and in detail. Hence, they are replicable and can generate the same results as the previous implementation of the same procedures.
A complete, specific, and thorough description of procedures.
Procedures are explained so well that they can be replicated. |
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Term
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Definition
Procedures must be derived from the basic principles of behavior analysis.
To fundamental behavioral principles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Explains that a functional relationship is demonstrated when manipulated events (IVS) produce a reliable change in any measurable dimension of the targeted behavior (DV) and exhibit a reliable functional relation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any behavior change should persist across time, settings, behaviors, and people that differ from the original intervention conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
Intervention Packages that are cost cost effective.
Procedures that bring about behavior change efficiently.
Procedures that produce practical and significant changes in behavior.
Treatment that results in a clinically significant change in an important dimension of behavior. |
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Term
From A deterministic perspective, variability in behavioral data is evidence of,
Cooper 4-5 |
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Definition
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Term
| An intervention is supported by multiple peer-reviewed studies published in non-behavioral journals. You don't think it will be effective because the outcomes are explained in terms that are inconsistent with operant principles. You adopt the attitude of philosophical doubt and: |
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Definition
| Accept the data supporting the intervention unless contrary findings emerge. |
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Term
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Definition
Requires manipulation of the dependent variables. Arranging events to evaluate the influence on other events
Defining features of behaviorism
Evaluation of how one event is influenced by other events.
Ideally, all variables should be
controlled except for the dependent variable.
Cooper 5-6 |
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Term
| Empiricism does NOT include |
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Definition
| Prioritization of target behavior |
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Term
An intervention is supported by many peer-reviewed experiments published in non-behavioral journals. You initially were skeptical of the intervention because the outcomes are explained in terms that are inconsistent with operant principles. After you successfully implement the experimental procedures described in the literature within your setting, however, your confidence in the intervention grows. In this case, your revised opinion is a result of the attitude of science known as:
A. experimentation
B. Replication
C, Pragmatism
d. ALL of the above |
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Definition
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Term
A problem behavior that occurs during class is maintained by attention from a teacher.
Food Refusal occurs because of scar tissue in the esophagus that makes swallowing painful.
A high error rate with the subtraction problem is a function of incorrect borrowing. |
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Definition
| Parsimonious Explamations |
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Term
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Definition
A broad term used in behavioral analysis for presumed explanations of behavior that primarily relate to cognitive, psychological or neurological phenomenon.
One type of explanatory fiction is "mentalism," a term used by behavior analysts to denote any hypothetical account of behavior that ascribes causality to non-physiological processes or entities located within a person, typically in the mind (itself a hypothetical construct). A mentalistic view is represented by claims that behavior occurs as a result of such things as the subconscious, cognitive events, willpower, intelligence, etc |
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Term
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Definition
A mentalistic explanation of why people speak grammatically would be that people are born with grammatical structures encoded in their brains.
Fido the dog runs to the door upon hearing the family car pull up to the house. Saying that the expectation of seeing the owner controls the dogs running to the door.
Claiming that a behavior is caused by internal neurological or cognitive processes. |
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Term
| Behavioral Analytic Explanations for Behavior Are? |
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Definition
Places Causal Events in the physical environment.
They are expressed primarily with respect to observable behaviors.
Refer to Consequences as the primary causal mechanism for behavior. |
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Term
| With Respect To Behavior, Mentalism |
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Definition
Halts Further Inquiry Into Behaviors' Causes,
Appeals to hypothetical events as their causes.
Establishes Antecedents as its primary cause. |
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Term
| The Behavior Analytic way of looking at reinforcement is: |
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Definition
| When a student's behavior occurs more often after it produces a given consequence, the behavior has been reinforced. |
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Term
| Feelings and Emotions according to behavior analyst |
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Definition
Incorrectly thought of as behaviors
A proper subject for study for a behavior analyst.
Explainable in the same terms as overt behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| (Stimulus-Organism-Response). Post-Watsonian model of behavior. Studying observable behavior in order to make inferences about internal events presumed to cause behaviors is a model of psychology. |
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Term
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Definition
| (Stimulus Response) The notion that behavior can be understood by studying its interaction with the environment is common to all forms of Behaviorism. Watson's approach is known as S-R (stimulus-response) psychology because, taking Pavlovian (or "Classical") conditioning as a point of departure, he accounted for behavior only as a function of antecedent stimuli. Original Model of Behaviorism, proposed by John Watson explains behavior as a response to antecedent stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
Skinner, on the other hand, continued to seek causes of behavior in the environment, and developed operant psychology, in which behavior is primarily a product of selection by consequences. In this S-R-S model, most of an individual's behavior is seen as being learned, which is to say, acquired as a result of their behavior producing reinforcing and punishing consequences.
Watsonian Methodological Behaviorism |
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Term
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Definition
Rather, he sought a comprehensive approach that would account for all behavior including private events-with reference to the same fundamental principles. Private Events
It is a SRS model of psychology behavior is a function of antecedent and consequent events occurring in the physical environment. |
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Term
| Methodological Behaviorism |
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Definition
This is a term for the practice of some behavior analysts who espouse an SRS MODEL but who, like Watson, confine their study strictly to observable events.
This type rejects the study of private events |
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Term
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Definition
| Relating to the fundamental nature of something far-reaching and thorough |
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Term
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Definition
Stimuli and Covert Responses that occur within the skin and are only accessible to the individual experiencing the event.
Stimulation that is evident only to the behaver
Include thinking (i.e., covert verbal behavior)
Affects only one person.
It doesn't have to happen only in the skin.
The principles of covert behavior govern it. |
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Term
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Definition
Feeling the hot 90-degree weather at a crowded amusement park.
Remembering items on your grocery list that you left at home.
The pain from getting hit by a ball
a tickling sensation from a whisper. |
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Term
Fido runs to the door upon hearing the family car pull up to the house. Which explanations of Fido's/are mentalistic?
A. The dog's behavior is evoked by thinking its owner has arrived home
B. The dog's behavior is controlled by expectations of seeing its owner.
C. The dog antipirate is being reinforced.
D. All of the above. |
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Definition
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Term
| With Respect to behavior, Mentalism |
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Definition
Tends to halt further inquiry into the causes of behavior.
Appeals to hypothetical events
establish antecedents as causes. |
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Term
| Skinnerian Behaviorism and Methodological Behaviorism |
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Definition
| The idea is that behavior occurs as a function of antecedent and consequent events occurring in the physical environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulus-Response Original form of Behaviorism |
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Term
| Skinners idea on Private Events |
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Definition
| Argued that private events are fundamentally the same as public events, other than simply being unobservable by others. Should include private events. |
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Term
A child reports feeling lots of anxiety at school. After speaking with and observing the child, you determine that the child is very uncomfortable in social situations like lunch period and recess. You therefore decide to use behavioral skills training to role-play particular initiations and to measure any changes in the child's engagement with peers. Your approach most closely represents.
A. A mentalistic view of behavior
B. Radical Behaviorism
Methodological Behaviorism |
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Definition
C. Methodological Behaviorism.
Target social engagement directly, neither a hypothetical causal mechanism nor acknowledging private events. Acts as anxiety is everything. |
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Term
A child reports feeling lots of anxiety at school. After speaking with and observing the child, you determine that the child is very uncomfortable in unstructured social situations like lunch periods and recess. You therefore decide to substantially increase descriptive praise and feedback for the child's other appropriate behavior in these settings, "catch them being good" in an effort to bolster their confidence in social situations. Your approach most closely represents:
A Radical Behaviorism
B. Mentalistic View of Behavior
C. Methodological behaviorism |
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Definition
A mentalistic view of behavior
Saying that behavior is engaged in due to lack of confidence or self-esteem. |
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Term
A child reports feeling lots of anxiety at school. After speaking with and observing the child, you determine that the child is very uncomfortable in unstructured social situations like lunch period and recess. You therefore decide to shape and reinforce the social situations in which they practice positive self-statements that acknowledge nervous feelings while engaging in some tolerable approximation of social engagement. Your approach most closely represent.
A. Radical Behaviorism
B. A Mentalistic View of Behavior
C. Methodological Behaviorism, |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of applied behavior analysis. |
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Definition
reduce eating junk food using punishment.
increase the batting averages of athletes.
reduce eating junk food using self-management.
What arrangements will help zoo animals accept medication? |
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Term
| Practice Guided By Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
| Treatment Package produces desired results. |
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Term
| Applied Behavior Analysis |
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Definition
| Translates basic principles into widely applicable methods for improving social problems. |
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Term
When the teacher wears a baseball cap all students will be called on when they raise their hands to answer a question. When the teacher has no hat on students, questions will not be addressed. Call outs will be ignored. Reversal data show that the students quickly demonstrate discriminative responding according to when asking questions will be extinguished or reinforced. This vignette closely shows.
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB |
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Definition
| b. Applied Behavioral Analysis. |
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Term
A BCBA works with several clients who were recently diagnosed with food allergies. The clients will begin eating restricted diets to address the allergies and the BCBA SUSPECTS the food restrictions might results in improvements in the client's target behaviors. The families agree to work with the BCBA to evaluate the indepenndent and combined effects of the diet and behaviors change programs using a multiple baseline across subject design. The BCBA is engaging in:
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB |
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Definition
| B. Applied Behavioral Analysis |
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Term
Directly improving socially significant behavior through the application and measurement of behavioral technology is a goal.
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
| B. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Term
| Practice Guided by behavioral analysis |
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Definition
| Attempts to directly apply and monitor behaviorally derived methods to improve socially important behavior. |
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Term
When the teacher puts a large green placard on the board, the students earn points for raising their right hand to ask a question. When the placard is red, students earn points for raising their left hand. Alternating treatment data show that the conditions quickly become discriminative for when students raise their right or left hand will be reinforced. This vignette shows.
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of applied behavior analysis. |
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Definition
reduce eating junk food using punishment.
increase the batting averages of athletes.
reduce eating junk food using self-management.
What arrangements will help zoo animals accept medication? |
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Term
| Practice Guided By Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
| Treatment Package produces desired results. |
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Term
| Applied Behavior Analysis |
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Definition
| Translates basic principles into widely applicable methods for improving social problems. |
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Term
When the teacher wears a baseball cap all students will be called on when they raise their hands to answer a question. When the teacher has no hat on students, questions will not be addressed. Call outs will be ignored. Reversal data show that the students quickly demonstrate discriminative responding according to when asking questions will be extinguished or reinforced. This vignette closely shows.
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB |
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Definition
| b. Applied Behavioral Analysis. |
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Term
A BCBA works with several clients who were recently diagnosed with food allergies. The clients will begin eating restricted diets to address the allergies and the BCBA SUSPECTS the food restrictions might results in improvements in the client's target behaviors. The families agree to work with the BCBA to evaluate the indepenndent and combined effects of the diet and behaviors change programs using a multiple baseline across subject design. The BCBA is engaging in:
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB |
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Definition
| B. Applied Behavioral Analysis |
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Term
Directly improving socially significant behavior through the application and measurement of behavioral technology is a goal.
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
| B. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Term
| Practice Guided by behavioral analysis |
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Definition
| Attempts to directly apply and monitor behaviorally derived methods to improve socially important behavior. |
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Term
When the teacher puts a large green placard on the board, the students earn points for raising their right hand to ask a question. When the placard is red, students earn points for raising their left hand. Alternating treatment data show that the conditions quickly become discriminative for when students raise their right or left hand will be reinforced. This vignette shows.
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
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Term
| Examples of applied behavior analysis. |
|
Definition
reduce eating junk food using punishment.
increase the batting averages of athletes.
reduce eating junk food using self-management.
What arrangements will help zoo animals accept medication? |
|
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Term
| Practice Guided By Behavioral Analysis |
|
Definition
| Treatment Package produces desired results. |
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Term
| Applied Behavior Analysis |
|
Definition
| Translates basic principles into widely applicable methods for improving social problems. |
|
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Term
When the teacher wears a baseball cap all students will be called on when they raise their hands to answer a question. When the teacher has no hat on students, questions will not be addressed. Call outs will be ignored. Reversal data show that the students quickly demonstrate discriminative responding according to when asking questions will be extinguished or reinforced. This vignette closely shows.
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB |
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Definition
| b. Applied Behavioral Analysis. |
|
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Term
A BCBA works with several clients who were recently diagnosed with food allergies. The clients will begin eating restricted diets to address the allergies and the BCBA SUSPECTS the food restrictions might results in improvements in the client's target behaviors. The families agree to work with the BCBA to evaluate the indepenndent and combined effects of the diet and behaviors change programs using a multiple baseline across subject design. The BCBA is engaging in:
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB |
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Definition
| B. Applied Behavioral Analysis |
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Term
Directly improving socially significant behavior through the application and measurement of behavioral technology is a goal.
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
| B. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Term
| Practice Guided by behavioral analysis |
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Definition
| Attempts to directly apply and monitor behaviorally derived methods to improve socially important behavior. |
|
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Term
When the teacher puts a large green placard on the board, the students earn points for raising their right hand to ask a question. When the placard is red, students earn points for raising their left hand. Alternating treatment data show that the conditions quickly become discriminative for when students raise their right or left hand will be reinforced. This vignette shows.
B. Applied Behavioral Analysis
C. EAB
A. Practice Guided by Behavioral Analysis |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| John B. Watson popularized the idea that psychology is properly concerned with behavior, and that it should study it by using scientific methods. The notion that behavior can be understood by studying its interaction with the environment is common to all forms of Behaviorism. Watson's approach is known as S-R (stimulus-response) psychology because, taking Pavlovian (or "Classical") conditioning as a point of departure, he accounted for behavior only as a function of antecedent stimuli. |
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Term
| Behavioral Skills Training |
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Definition
BST is often said to have four main steps (but sources may vary in the exact number): (a) providing students/trainees with a verbal and/or written description of the skill and a rationale for its use, (b) modeling the skill, (c) guiding practice—often role-play—of the skill (this is a performance-based step), and (d) providing trainees with concrete feedback on their performance.
BST is competency-based because trainees must demonstrate the skill according to a given criterion. Thus, the last two steps—role-play and feedback—continue until trainees perform at the criterion level. BST may be used with virtually any skill, from delivering discrete trial instruction of conditional discrimination, to safely implementing techniques for managing violent behavior, to frying an egg. |
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Term
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Definition
Circular reasoning is a logically flawed argument in which the proposed cause is a restatement of the effect, in different terms. When two statements refer to the same thing, one cannot also explain the other. For example, we might say someone is angry when they are speaking loudly and turning red. "Angry", in other words, is a term we use when we observe someone exhibit any number of physical acts and/or appearances.
The physical appearance is an effect, and "angry" is a label for the effect. It is circular reasoning to then argue that the person was speaking loudly because they were angry. The effect cannot be explained in terms of a label for the effect. To say that we are red in the face because we are angry is no kind of explanation |
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Term
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Definition
| When we can control a particular event, we have achieved the highest level of scientific understanding, following description and prediction. Control is demonstrated when we can specify that when we engineer certain environmental arrangements, certain other events will occur, with a very high degree of probability. Phenomena as diverse as nuclear fission and baking a cake are evidence of scientific control. |
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Term
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Definition
| If scientific control is the goal, experimental control is the first step to reaching it. The products of scientific control are expressed on a large scale in the real world, while experimental control is demonstrated within the confines of an experiment, when manipulating a given independent variable repeatedly results in a predictable change in a dependent variable (i.e., when a functional relationship between the variables is demonstrated). |
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Term
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Definition
| When some property of a behavior (e.g., rate, duration, magnitude) varies predictably with the presence and absence of a particular stimulus, the behavior is said to be under the control of that stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
used by behavior analysts to refer to hypothetical entities or constructs that typically exist in a realm other than the physical environment and are claimed to explain, or have a causal influence upon, behavior.
Explanatory fictions lack empirical support and, more to the point, ordinarily are not observable or measurable so they are impossible to support with the methods of behavioral science. For this reason, explanatory fictions are sometimes known as "invented wisdom," in contrast to evidence-based discovered wisdom."
Examples of explanatory fiction include such things as ego, IQ, inner drives, executive functions, character, or intrinsic motivation. |
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Term
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Definition
| In the context of behavioral measurement--whether in a formal experiment or a clinical or educational setting-variability simply refers to the degree to which multiple measurements (whether at different times or by different observers or instruments) produce different results. A certain degree of variability is often unavoidable, but if the data collection system is reliable and recorded behavior varies significantly from measure to measure, this is a sign that it is being influenced by extraneous variables that have not been recognized or adequately controlled. |
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Term
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Definition
| In an applied behavioral experiment, the dependent variable (DV) is some measurable dimension of the socially significant behavior that is being studied. Specifically, the experimenter systematically manipulates the independent variable (IV) and measures any changes that may be detected in the dependent variable |
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Term
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Definition
In an applied behavioral experiment, extraneous variables are any facet of the experimental setting, other than the independent variable (IV) If they are not controlled, they have the potential to influence the dependent variable (DV).
For example, time of day may be an extraneous variable relative to the effectiveness of particular reinforcers. To be more specific, activity reinforcers may lose potency after recess, a fact that must be controlled either by scheduling sessions to occur before recess, or to systematically vary the time of sessions, or to use additional reinforcers that will not be compromised by prior activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| In an applied behavioral experiment, the independent variable (IV) is some event or aspect of the setting that experimenters systematically manipulate as they measure any changes in the dependent variable (DV) |
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Term
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Definition
| A confounding variable is a type of extraneous variable that is known to or suspected of influencing the outcome of an experiment by impacting the dependent variable. Confounding variables usually co-occur with the independent variable |
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Term
Even though the research shows that DRO is an effective strategy for eliminating undesirable behaviors. It wasn't effective with Janine, therefore her BCBA chose a procedure that had better outcomes for Jamime.
A. selectionism
B. Determinism
C.Parsimony
D. Pragmatism |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Demonstrated when the manipulated events (IVS) produce a reliable change in any measurable dimension of the target behavior. |
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Term
Which of the following is a goal of behavior analysis as a science?
A. All answers provided are correct?
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
| A. All answers provided are correct |
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Term
Which level of scientific understanding provides information to form possible hypothesis?
A. All answers provided are correct?
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
|
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Term
Rob conducts a study following an ABAB design to measure if a DRA procedure would reduce the frequency of self-injurious behavior. Self-injurious behavior was reduced during all three phases after the initial baseline. When the study ended, Rob discovered that the client started a medication change at the same time that the study began. Which level of scientific understanding did Rob demonstrate?
A. None
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
None
Did not control for extraneous variables |
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Term
Rob conducts a study following an ABAB design to measure if a DRA procedure would reduce the frequency of self-injurious behavior. Rob planned for an extraneous variable, and it was clear that his intervention produced a reduction in the behavior. Which level of scientific understanding did Rob demonstrate?
A. nONE
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
Control
Extraneous Variables controlled. |
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Term
Which is the highest level of scientific understanding?
A. None
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
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Term
Which level of scientific understanding provides the most basic understanding of human behavior?
A. Effective
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
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Term
Which level of scientific understanding is possible to achieve when finding results using a dependent and independent variable in a well-constructed experiment?
a. None
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
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Term
Rob conducts a study where he observes behavior and documents what "SELF-INJURIOUS Behavior" may commonly look like with individuals diagnosed with autism. Which level of scientific understanding did Rob achieve?
A.. Description
B.. Prediction
C.. Control |
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Definition
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Term
When 2 events consistently relate to each other, and this is demonstrated with a degree of probability, what level of
scientific understanding is achieved.
B. Description
C. Prediction
D. Control |
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Definition
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Term
Lyle screams when he can't drink soda. When asked why he does this, his mother says, "Lylie screams because he has oppositional defiant disorder. His mind works differently from ours." When asked how the mom knows her son has oppositional defiant disorder, she says, "Because he always screams when he can't get what he wants." In this example, the mother appears to be using:
A. Environmental Explanation
B. Mentalistic Explanation
C. Hypothetical Construct
C. Circular Reasoning |
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Definition
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Term
Lyle screams when he can't drink soda. When asked why he does this, his mother says, "Lyle screams because it typically results in us giving him soda." In this example, the mother is using which type of explanation for her son's behavior?
A. Mentalistic Explanation
B.. Environmental Explanation
C. Diagnostic
D. Hypothetical Construct |
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Definition
| B. Environmental Explanation |
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Term
Lyle screams when he can't drink soda. When asked why he does this, his other says, "Lyle screams because he has oppositional defiant disorder. His mind just works differently from ours. In this example, the term mind is an
A. Hypothetical Construct
B. Circular Reasoning
C. Mentalistic Explanation
D. Environmental Explanation |
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Definition
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Term
James is at school and frequently runs out of the classroom. The teacher explains this by saying, "James runs away from the classroom because he has not yet developed the intrinsic motivation for remaining in school." The term "intrinsic motivation" is an example of an"
A. Hypothetical Construct
B. Circular Reasoning
C. Environmental explanation
D. DIAGNOSTIC Explanation |
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Definition
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Term
John, a behavior analyst, accepts that people think and engage in other mental events. John's perspective is similar to:
A. Radical Behaviorism
B. Neither answer is correct
C. Both answers are correct
D. Methodological Behaviorism |
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Definition
C. Both answers are correct
Both radical and methodological behaviorism acknowledge the existence of mental events. Methodological behaviorists reject studying such phenomena. |
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Term
John helped a young child learn to take a bath using behavioral principles. John did not use an established program to do this; rather, he created his intervention package using evidence-based treatments from in literature. John used a multiple-probe experimental design to research the impact of the evaluation on behavior. Which domain of behavior analysis does this best exemplify?"
A. Practice guided by behavior analysis
B. Behaviorism
C. Experimental Analysis of Behavior
D. Applied behavior analysis. |
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Definition
D. Applied behavior analysis.
in classroom |
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