Term
| Normal respirations of adults, infants? |
|
Definition
adult 12-20
infants 30-60 |
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Term
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Definition
| reduce the surface tense of fluid in the lungs and keeps the alveoli sacs open |
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Term
| Normal stimulus to breath in a healthy patient |
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Definition
| The primary stimulus for breathing is the bronchioles in the lungs reacting to a build-up of carbon dioxide |
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Term
| What is a pink puffer? blue boater? |
|
Definition
Pink puffer is a person where emphysema is the primary underlying pathology
Blue boater is a person where the primary underlying lung pathology is chronic bronchitis |
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Term
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Definition
| The diaphragm contracting. moving downwards thus increasing the lung capacity |
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Term
| What are the different lung sounds? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the upper lung sounds and why |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the lower loung sounds and why |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is agonal breathing? |
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Definition
| Agonal respiration, gasping respiration or agonal breathing is an abnormal pattern of breathing and brainstem reflex characterized by gasping, laboredbreathing, accompanied by strange vocalizations and myoclonus |
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Term
| difference between ventilaiton and respiration? |
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Definition
| ventilation is the moving in and out of air. respiration is the exchance of oxygen and carbon dioxide at the cellular level |
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Term
| what is diffusion and where does it occur in the lungs |
|
Definition
| High to low. it occurs at the capillarie level |
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Term
| why does suctioning cause a decrease in heart rate? |
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Definition
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Term
| what physically happens with pulmonary edema |
|
Definition
Fluid in the lungs caused by heart failure
typicalled CHF |
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|
Term
what is the pathophysiology of chronic bronchitis?
emphysema?
asthma? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what role in breathing does the diaphragm have?
why is it a unique muscle? |
|
Definition
it caused the ventiliation by contracting it pulls air into the lungs
by expanding it forces air out
its both voluntary and involuntary |
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Term
| what is a late sign of hypoxia? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is consolidation in a pneumonia patient? |
|
Definition
| inflammation of the lung with gunk filling up the alveoli |
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Term
| what is inhalation vs exhalation physical process |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| the ability of the heart cells to generate an electrical impulse ---depolarize |
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Term
what is diastyolic
systolic
what does it represent |
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Definition
Systolic top number represents the amount of pressure it takes the left ventricle to use to pump blood out to the body
diastyolic measures the amount of pressure present in arteries between heartbeats |
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Term
| what is the buildup of fluid in the pericarial sac called? |
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Definition
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|
Term
blood pressure by palpation measures what?
how is it done |
|
Definition
it obtains the lowest possible diastyolic pressure
by palpating the area |
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Term
| what is the blood flow through the heart |
|
Definition
S/I vena cava right atrium- tricuspid valve- right ventricle-
pulmonary valve-pulmonary artery-pulmonary veins- left atrium-bicuspid valve-left ventricle-aoritc valve-aorta-
left subclavian, x, x |
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Term
| where does the electrical impluse initiate in the heart? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what is bradycardia?
tachycardia?
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|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what can cause a decrease in blood pressure? |
|
Definition
| change in elevation, blood loss, antihypertensives, dehydration |
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Term
| what is paradoxical movement of the chest wall |
|
Definition
| flail chest. One section of the chest moves in while another moves out in opposite |
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Term
|
Definition
inflammation of the liver
Ass
Blood
C liver
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Term
what are the stages of heat exposure
exhaustion
stroke
cramps |
|
Definition
Heat Cramps
Painful muscle cramps primarily in the legs and abdomen and excessive sweating. This is usually caused by losing too much water and salt through sweating, usually this is related to excessive physical activity in hot weather. They are not serious and can be reversed with some basic first aid.
Heat Exhaustion
More serious than heat cramps, the symptoms include: excessive sweating, dilated pupils, complaints of dizziness, blurred vision, headaches, and cramps. The casualty may also have cool, clammy skin, a weak rapid pulse, rapid shallow breathing, vomiting and may go unconscious.
Heatstroke (Sunstroke)
This is a life-threatening condition, without immediate action heatstroke can result in permanent brain damage or death. If heatstroke is suspected, seek medical attention immediately or call 911. Symptoms include, a rapid and full pulse that gets weaker and harder to feel in later stages, noisy breathing, flushed skin, hot and dry skin or hot and sweaty skin (when heatstroke is related to exertion), restlessness, headache, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, convulsions and eventually unconsciousness |
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Term
| what are complications of severe burn injuries |
|
Definition
| loss of the skins ability to regulate temperature, loss of bodily fluids |
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Term
| what side effects does nitroglycerin cause |
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Definition
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Term
| what causes pupil constriction and dilation |
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Definition
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Term
| what symptoms do cardiac dysrhymias cause |
|
Definition
- A fluttering in your chest.
- tachycardia
- bradycardia
- Chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Lightheadedness or dizziness.
- Sweating.
- syncope
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Term
| what are common causes of altered mental status |
|
Definition
| dehydration, hypoglycemia, blood loss, head trauma, environment |
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Term
| how does the body respond to blood loss |
|
Definition
| bring blood into the core to perfuse vital organs |
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Term
|
Definition
| pooling of blood underneath the eyes and behind the ears. this may indicate a basillar skull fracture |
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Term
| how is a sublingual medication admined |
|
Definition
| under the tongue with gloves |
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Term
| how do you treat large active bleeding wounds |
|
Definition
| apply direct pressure, elevate, apply dressing, tourniqet |
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|
Term
| what is best determination of possible internal bleeding |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| what type of abdominal pain cause can result in right shoulder pain |
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Definition
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|
Term
| where are the different organs located |
|
Definition
RUQ LIVER Gall Blader pancreas
RLQ appendix
LUQ stomache spleen
LLQ |
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|
Term
what are s/s of pertusis?
meningitis
tuberculosis |
|
Definition
pertusis is whooping cough
Inflammation of brain and spinal cord membranes, typically caused by an infection
severe headache stiff neck
TB painful cough swelling lymph nodes |
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Term
| what are the different parts of the brain responsible for |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the alarm reaction and what happens physically |
|
Definition
| Fight or flight the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. Increase of adrenaline to help the body cope with the situation |
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Term
|
Definition
| grinding of bone ends together |
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Term
| what is a vector borne transmission |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the building blocks of life |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| what is the GCS what does it measure |
|
Definition
| Glasgow Coma Scale it measures the level of consciousness in a person |
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Term
| what is a prolapsed cord? what are the complications |
|
Definition
| A cord protruding from the vagina. Complications can be a lack of perfussion to the fetus |
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Term
| what are hypotonic, hypertonic, and isotonic solutions and how do they effect water balance? |
|
Definition
hyper more on the outside
hypo less on the outside
iso equal |
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Term
| what is ATP and what does it do |
|
Definition
| engery used by the body to completed what processes it must |
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Term
| what different types of consent are there |
|
Definition
| Informed, expressed, implied, involuntary |
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|
Term
| what is the ryan white act |
|
Definition
| improve the quality and availability of care for medically underserved individuals and families affected by HIV/AIDS |
|
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Term
| what did the white papers create |
|
Definition
| This report, prepared jointly by committees on Trauma and Shock of the National Academy of Science/National Research Council, revealed to the public and congress the serious inadequacy of prehospital emergency care and transportation in many areas |
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Term
| what is visceral vs parietal pain vs referred pain |
|
Definition
Visceral pain is directly related to the organ involved. The majority of organs do not have an abundance of nerve fibers, so the patient might experience mild or less severe pain that is poorly localized. It’s important to understand this does not mean the patient is experiencing a mild or less severe condition.
Characteristics:
- Less severe pain
- Poorly localized
- The pain is usually dull or aching and constant or intermitten
- Parietal pain occurs when there is an irritation of the peritoneal lining. The peritoneum has a higher number of sensitive nerve fibers, so the pain is generally more severe and easier to localize. The patient will typically present in a guarded position with shallow breathing. This minimizes the stretch of the abdominal muscles and limits the downward movement of the diaphragm, which reduces pressure on the peritoneum and helps ease the pain.Characteristics:
-
- More severe pain
- Easily localized
- The pain is usually sharp, constant and on one side or the other
-
Referred pain is visceral pain that is felt in another area of the body and occurs when organs share a common nerve pathway. For this reason, it is poorly localized but generally constant in nature. An example is a patient with liver problems that experiences referred pain in the neck or just below the scapula.
Characteristics:
- Poorly localized
- The pain is usually constant
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Term
| what are expected paramedic attributes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
what is libel
slander
battery
assault |
|
Definition
written
spoken
beat a bitch
asshat |
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|
Term
| what is the standard of care |
|
Definition
| Most medical malpractice cases hinge on whether a health care professional was negligent in treating (or failing to treat) a patient. And medical negligence is always measured by the medical standard of care that applied in the specific treatment setting in which the patient was harmed. |
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Term
| what is the circadian rhythm |
|
Definition
| Circadian rhythms are physical, mental and behavioral changes that follow a roughly 24-hour cycle, responding primarily to light and darkness in an organism's environment |
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|
Term
| cheyne-stokes respirations? |
|
Definition
| Cheyne–Stokes respiration is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by progressively deeper and sometimes faster breathing, followed by a gradual decrease that results in a temporary stop in breathing called an apnea |
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