Term
| What is mobility related to? |
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Definition
| joint integrity and flexibility |
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Term
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Definition
| Adaptive Shortening of soft tissue |
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Term
| What are factors leading to hypomobility? |
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Definition
1) Prolonged immobilization
2) Sedentary Lifestyle
3) Postural Mal alignment
4) Muscle Imbalance
5) Impaired Muscle Performance
6) Tissue Trauma
7) Congenital deformities
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Term
| What are type of stretching? (3) |
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Definition
1) Clinician Guided
2) Joint Mobilization
3) Auto Streching |
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Term
| What is dynamic flexibility? |
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Definition
| Amount of motion you have control over |
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Term
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Definition
| Static, End Range type of motion |
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Term
| What is passive flexibility dependent on? |
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Definition
the extensibility of the muscle and connective tissue that croos or surround the joint
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Term
| What is dynamic flexibility dependent on? |
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Definition
| the muscle contraction and the amount of tissue resistance met. |
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Term
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Definition
| Adaptive shortening of the muscle tendon unit and other soft soft tissues that surround a joint |
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Term
| What does a contracture lead to? |
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Definition
| Significant resistance to stretching and limited ROM |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of contractures? |
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Definition
1) Myostatic
2) Pseudomyostatic
3) Arthrogenic and Periarticular
4) Fibrotic and irreversable |
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Term
| What is a myostatic contracture? |
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Definition
| Musculotendinous unit adaptively shortened |
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Term
| What is a common problem with Myostatic Contracture? |
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Definition
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Term
| Myostatic Contracture is a result of a reduced number of ? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can Myostatic Contracture be healed? |
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Definition
| With stretching exercises in a short amount of time |
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Term
| What is Pseudomyostatic Contractures a result of? (2) |
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Definition
1) hypertonicity or spasticity
2) CNS Lesions |
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Term
| Who usually suffers from Pseudomyostatic Contractures? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do pseudomyostatic Contractures give resistance to passive stretch? |
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Definition
| Muscle appears to be in a constant state of contraction |
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Term
| How do you treat a pseudomyostatic contracture? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an Arthrogenic and Periarticular Contracture a result of? (2) |
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Definition
1) intra-articualr pathology
2) connective tissues that cross a joint capsule becomes stiff
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Term
| What do Arthogenic Contractures inhibit? |
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Definition
| Normal arthrokinematic Motion |
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Term
| How are fibrotic Contractures caused? |
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Definition
| Fibrous changes in connective tissue |
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Term
| What are the treatments for Fibrotic Contractures? |
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Definition
1) Stretching
2) surgical intervention |
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Term
| What are interventions for soft tissue mobility? (5) |
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Definition
1) Manual or mechanical stretching
2) Self Stretching
3) Neuromuscular Inhibition
4) Joint Mobilization
5) Neural Tissue Glide
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Term
| What is selective stretching? |
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Definition
| applying selective stretching techniques to some muscles but allowing limitation of motion to develop in other muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| stretch well beyond the normal length of muscle ROM |
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Term
| What can over stretching result in? (3) |
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Definition
1) Hypermobility
2) joint instability
3) strength of the muscle are insufficient |
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Term
| What are the responses to Soft tissue to immobilization and stretch? (3) |
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Definition
1) Elastic Change
2) viscoelastic Change
3) Plastic Change |
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Term
| What does the soft tissue do when an elastic change occurs after the force has been removed? |
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Definition
| return to its pre-stretch resting length |
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Term
| What does a viscoelastic tissue do when force is first applied? |
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Definition
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Term
| How will the soft tissue be affected when a plastic change occurs? |
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Definition
| assume a new and greater length after force has been removed |
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Term
| What types of tissues have elastic and plastic properties? |
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Definition
| Contractile and noncontractile |
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Term
| What type of property does connective tissue of muscle have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the types of muscular connective tissue? (3) |
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Definition
1) Endomysium
2) Perimysium
3) Epimysium |
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Term
| Where is the force transmitted through for muscle? (2) |
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Definition
1) Endomysium
2) Perimysium |
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Term
| What type of forces occur during a passive stretch? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Muscular response to immobilization? (2) |
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Definition
1) atrophy
2) compromised force generating abilities |
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Term
| What is the main function of Muscle Spindle? |
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Definition
| Receive and convey info about changes in length and velocity changes |
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Term
| What is the Muscle spindle sensitive to? |
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Definition
| Quick and sustained stretch |
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Term
| What does the GTO monitor? |
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Definition
| Changes in tension of muscle-tendon units |
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Term
| What does the GTO detect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the GTO response to force? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the muscle spindle detect? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the response of the muscle spindle when tension is applied? |
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Definition
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Term
| Collagen fibers have characteristics of what properties? (2) |
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Definition
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Term
| What are connective tissue composed of? (4) |
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Definition
1) collagen fibers
2) Elastin Fibers
3) Reticulin Fibers
4) Ground Substance |
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Term
| What are collagen fibers responsible for? (3) |
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Definition
1) strength
2) Stiffness
3) Resisting tensile deformation |
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Term
| What do elastin fiber provide? |
|
Definition
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Term
| What do reticulin fibers provide? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does ground substance do ? (3) |
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Definition
1)Hydrates Matrix
2) stabilizes collagen networks
3) resists compressive forces |
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Term
| What are things that can change the stress strain curve? (5) |
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Definition
1) immobilization
2) inactivity
3) Age
4) Corticosteroids
5) Injury |
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Term
| How do the effects of immobilization change the stress strain curve? (2) |
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Definition
1) Elastic zone shrinks
2) curve shifts left and gets to plastic region faster |
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Term
| What type of intensity should be applied to a stretch? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where should a static stretch be held? |
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Definition
| Just past the point of resistance |
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Term
| What is a static progressive stretch? |
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Definition
| a stretch that is held in a comfortably lengthened position until relaxed and then progressively lengthened further |
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Term
| What is a cyclic stretch? |
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Definition
Short duration
repeatedly but gradually applied
released then reapplied |
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Term
| What are the 3 way to inhibit the nueromuscular system |
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Definition
1) Hold-Relax and Contract-relax
2) Agonist Contraction
3) Hold relax with agonist contraction |
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Term
| what are the steps to Hold-Relax and Contract-Relax Stretching? (4) |
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Definition
1) Muscle is lengthened to point of limitation
2) Pt. Performs a pre-stretch, end range and isometric contration fro 5-10 sec
3) voluntary relaxation of tight muscle
4) limb passively moved into new range |
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Term
| What are the steps to an agonist contraction?(2) |
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Definition
1) Concentrically contract the muscle opposite the limited muscle
2) Hold the end range position for several sec
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Term
| What are the steps for hold-relax with agonist contraction? |
|
Definition
1) Move the limb to the point of resistance
2) Pt perform a resisted, pre-stretch isometric contraction of the range limited muscle
3) relaxation of that muscle
4) immediate concentric contraction of the oppoiste muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| self stretching techniques that use joint traction that direct force to the join capsule |
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