Term
| What's the gram stain for Ehrlichia chaffeinsis (Monocytic ehrlichiosis)? |
|
Definition
| Gram Negative but stain poorly |
|
|
Term
| What's the gram stain for Rickettsiae rickettsii (Rocky mountain spotted fever)? |
|
Definition
| Gram Negative but stain poorly |
|
|
Term
| What's the gram stain for Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)? |
|
Definition
| Gram Negative but stain poorly |
|
|
Term
| What's the gram stain for Brucella melitensis (Brucellosis, undulating fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the gram stain for Bartonella (Trench Fever, Cat Scratch Fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the gram stain for Borellia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)? |
|
Definition
| Gram Negative structure but too thin to detect |
|
|
Term
| What's the gram stain for Borreliae recurrentis and Borrelia Hermsii (relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
| Gram Negative structure but too thin to detect |
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape for Rickettsiae rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever)? |
|
Definition
| Rod-like coccobacilli--an intermediate shape between coccus (spherical) and bacillus (elongated) |
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape of Ehrlichia chaffeinsis (monocyte ehrlichosis)? |
|
Definition
| Rod-like coccobacilli--an intermediate shape between coccus (spherical) and bacillus (elongated) |
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape of Coxiella burnetti? |
|
Definition
| Rod-like coccobacilli--an intermediate shape between coccus (spherical) and bacillus (elongated) |
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape of Brucella melitensis (brucellosis, undulant fever)? |
|
Definition
| small coccobacilli----an intermediate shape between coccus (spherical) and bacillus (elongated) |
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape of bartonella(trench fever; cat scratch fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape of Borellia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape of borrelia recurrentis (epidemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's the cell shape of Borellia Hemsii (endemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the growth requirements of Ricketsiae rickettsii (Rocky Mountain spotted fever)? |
|
Definition
| Intracellular; endotheliall cells; Require tissue culture or embryonated eggs |
|
|
Term
| What are the growth requirements of Erlichia chaffeinsis (monocytic ehrlichiosis)? |
|
Definition
| Intracellular: Monocytes and Mononuclear phagocytes; Can be cultured in mammalian cell lines |
|
|
Term
| What are the growth requirements of Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the growth requirements of Brucella melitensis (brucellosis; undulant fever)? |
|
Definition
| Aerobic and Intracellular |
|
|
Term
| What are the growth requirements of Bartonella (trench fever; cat scratch fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the growth requirements of the Borrelia genera of bacteria (lyme disease, endemic relapsing fever, epidemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
| Borellia have complex nutritional needs. They require N-acetylglucoseamine, long chain fatty acids , glucose, amino acids and other additive to the media for growth |
|
|
Term
| Very high fever and headache. Can also be associated with malaise, muscle aches nausea, macular rash on ankles and wrists. |
|
Definition
| Rocky Mountain Fever (Rickettsia ricketsii |
|
|
Term
| the most constant symptom is pain in the legs. sudden onset of high fever, severe headache, pain on moving the eyeballs, soreness of the muscles of the legs and back, and frequently increased sensitivity of the shins. Fever is relapsing—the initial fever is usually followed in a few days by a single, short rise but there may be many relapses between periods without fever. |
|
Definition
| Trench fever (bartonella) |
|
|
Term
| tender and swollen regional lymph nodes. There may be a papule at the site of initial infection. While some patients have fever and other systemic symptoms, many do not. Other associated complaints include headache, chills, backache and abdominal pain. |
|
Definition
| Cat scratch fever (bartonella) |
|
|
Term
3 stages:
Stage 1, Localized infection: Erythema migrans (spreading target-like) rash ( 3 to 32 days after bite) + Flu-like symptoms
Stage 2, Disseminated disease: arthritis (damage to the points), arthralgia (joint pain), cardiac complications, neurological complications
Stage 3, Chronic symptoms occur in the third stage
Relapsing 3-6 day fever at 1 week intervals |
|
Definition
| Lyme Disease (Borellia burgdorferi) |
|
|
Term
3-7 days of chills and high fever possibly with splenomegaly
Occurs amid poor living conditions, famine and war in the developing world |
|
Definition
| epidemic relapsing fever (Borreliae recurrentis) |
|
|
Term
3-7 days of chills and high fever possibly with splenomegaly
Found in developed and developed nations |
|
Definition
| endemic relapsing fever (Borrelia Hermsii) |
|
|
Term
| Initially non specific: malaise, chills, sweats, fatigue weakness, myalgias (muscle pain), weight loss, arthralgias (joint pains) and dry cough. All patients have a fever which becomes intermittent. |
|
Definition
| brucellosis, aka undulant fever (Brucella melitensis) |
|
|
Term
| Months of fevers, night sweats, cough, fatigue. (65% fatal) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes Rocky mountain spotted fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What illness does Rickettisae Rickettsii cause? |
|
Definition
| Rocky mountain spotted fever |
|
|
Term
| What bacterial causes monocyte erlichosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What disease does ehrlichia chaffeinsis cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 illnesses does Coxiella burnetti cause? |
|
Definition
| Acute Q fever & chronic Q fever |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes undulant fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What illness does burcella melitensis cause? |
|
Definition
| undulant fever (aka brucellosis) |
|
|
Term
| What genus of bacteria causes trench fever & cat scratch fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 2 illnesses does Bartonella cause? |
|
Definition
trench fever
cat scratch fever |
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes Lyme disease? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What illness does Borellia burgdorferi cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes epidemic relapsing fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What illness does Borellia recurrentis cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What bacteria causes endemic relapsing fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What illness does Borellia Hermsii cause? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Rickettsiae Rickettsii's (Rocky Mountain Spotted fever) metabolism aerobic/anerobic/etc.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Ehrlichia chaffeinsis's (monocyte ehrlichosis) metabolism aerobic/anaerobic/etc.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Coxiella burnetti's (Q fever) metabolism aerobic/anerobic/etc.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is Brucella melitensis's (undulant fever, aka brucellosis) metabolism aerobic/anaerobic/etc.? |
|
Definition
| Brucella melitensis does not metabolize carbohydrates (but it is aerobic for other reasons). |
|
|
Term
| Are the Borellia genus of bacteria's (Lyme disease, endemic relapsing fever, epidemic relapsing fever) metabolism aerobic/anaerobic/etc.? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector Rickettsiae rickettsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector of Ehrlichia chaffeinsis (monocytic ehrlichosis)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector of Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector of Brucella melitensis (undulant fever; brucellosis)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector of Bartonella (trench fever; cat scratch fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector of Borellia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector of Borellia recurrentis (epidemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the arthropod vector of Borellia Hermsii (endemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you get Brucella melitensis (undulant fever; brucellosis) |
|
Definition
| by inhaling dried milk, urine, feces, or placenta from infected (mostly) hoofed animals (Mnemonic: ungulants give you undulant fever) |
|
|
Term
| How do you get Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)? |
|
Definition
| by inhaling dried milk, urine, feces, or placenta from infected cattle, sheep, or goats |
|
|
Term
| What's the recurrence pattern for Rickettsiae Rickettsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)? |
|
Definition
| can recur after years of being dormant |
|
|
Term
| What's the recurrence pattern for Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)? |
|
Definition
| recurs months to years later in patients with heart valve disease |
|
|
Term
| What's the recurrence pattern of Brucella melitensis (undulating fever; brucellosis) |
|
Definition
| continuous, undulating fever (gets better & worse without ever quite going away) |
|
|
Term
| What's the recurrence pattern of the species of Bartonella that causes trench fever? |
|
Definition
| 5-day intervals of fever & recovery (relapsing) |
|
|
Term
| What is the recurrence pattern of Borellia recurrentis (epidemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
| 3-6 day fevers at 1 week intervals. Can relapse as many as 10 times. |
|
|
Term
| What is the recurrence pattern of endemic relapsing fever (Borellia Hermsii) |
|
Definition
| 3-6 day fevers at 1 week intervals. Relapses a few times; sometimes only once. |
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch Rickettsiae Rickettsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch Ehrlichia chaffeinsis (monocytic ehrlichosis)? |
|
Definition
Southeastern & Eastern US
Europe |
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)? |
|
Definition
| anywhere in the world except New Zealand |
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch Brucella melitensis (undulating fever; brucellosis)? |
|
Definition
worldwide
in the US, it's especially prevalent in California & Texas |
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch Borellia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)? |
|
Definition
| worldwide, especially Northern hemisphere temperate regions |
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch Borellia recurrentis (epidemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
Ethiopia, Rwanda, Andean foothills, and to some extent in Europe
mostly occurs in places experiencing warfare, famine, & bad living conditions |
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch Borellia Hermsii (endemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
worldwide
In the US, it's mostly in the west |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diagnosis of disease by identifying antibodies in blood serum |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Rickettsiae Rickettsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Ehrlichia chafereinsis (monocytic ehrlichosis)? |
|
Definition
| DNA amplification & serology |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Coxiella burnetti (Q fever)? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is cross-reactivity? |
|
Definition
| the reaction between an antigen and an antibody which was generated against a different but similar antigen |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Brucella melitensis (undulating fever; brucellosis)? |
|
Definition
| serology, but there is significant cross-reactivity (that is, other diseases may give a false positive for Brucella melitensis) |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Bartonella (trench fever & cat scratch fever)? |
|
Definition
| clinically & with serology |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Bartonella (trench fever & cat scratch fever)? |
|
Definition
| clinically & with serology |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Borellia burgdorferi (Lyme disease)? |
|
Definition
| serology only (not microscopy b/c spirochetes of B. burgdorferi enter connective tissue immediately and thus are not found by microscopy of blood) |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Borellia recurrentis (epidemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
| microscopy only (not serology b/c of antigenic variation) |
|
|
Term
| How do you diagnose Borellia Hermsii (endemic relapsing fever)? |
|
Definition
| microscopy only (not serology b/c of antigenic variation) |
|
|
Term
| What four protozoa cause malaria-like illnesses? |
|
Definition
| plasmodium vivax, plasmodium ovale, plasmodium malaeriae, plasmodium falciparum |
|
|
Term
| What are the hosts of the plasmodium (malaria) protozoa? |
|
Definition
| mosquitoes, animals, & humans |
|
|
Term
| Which plasmodium accounts for 80% of malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which plasmodium only accounts for 15% of malaria, but causes the worst form of malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pattern of fever recurrence caused by plasmodium vivax? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pattern of fever recurrence caused by plasmodium ovale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pattern of fever recurrence caused by plasmodium malariae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the pattern of fever recurrence caused by plasmodium falciparum? |
|
Definition
| no recurrence; consistent high fever |
|
|
Term
| Which plasmodium protozoa causes the least severe form of malaria? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch plasmodium vivax? |
|
Definition
| Asia, Latin America, some parts of Africa |
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch plasmodium ovale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch plasmodium malariae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what geographical region are you most likely to catch plasmodium falciparum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the target cells of plasmodium vivax? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the target cells of plasmodium ovale? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the target cells of plasmodium malariae? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the target cells of plasmodium falciparum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form (life stage) of plasmodium infects humans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What form (life stage) of plasmodium infects mosquitos? |
|
Definition
|
|
