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Definition
| Normal lateral curvature of the spine. Occurs in the cervical and lumbar regions. The concavity of a normal lordotic curve is posterior. |
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| Normal lateral curvature of the spine. Occurs in the thoracic region. the concavity of a normal kyphotic curve is anterior. |
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(height x 100)/ length - normal=94-96; exaggerated=less than 94; attenuated= greater than 96
Measures how dynamic a spine is. The lower the number the more dynamic(curved) it is. The higher number the less dynamic (straight). The spine experiences increased compressive loads due to resistance. If there is too much curvature of the spine it becomes too dynamic may increase loads of supportive structure. |
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Definition
| Study of mechanics of a living body, especially of forces by muscles and gravity on the skeletal structure |
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Definition
| Branch of mechanics that studies motion of a body or a system of bodies with out consideration given to its mass or forces acting on it |
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Definition
| Branch of mechanics that studies motion of a body or system of bodies with consideration to mass and the forces acting on it. |
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Definition
kinematic analysis of movements that occur between bones (i.e. flexion/extension of femur with regard to tibia)
movement of bones relative to each other is reffered to as range of motion |
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Definition
| Kinematic analysis of movement that occurs between articular surfaces of a joint. Motion described as movement of one joint surface in relation to each other. |
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Definition
| Stress/Strain; Slope of a stress/strain curve; materials stiffness |
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Definition
| resistance to deformation offered by a material exposed to external loads |
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Definition
| relative measurement of force appear to material will be relative to area over which force is applied |
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Definition
| measurement of material change in shape (length) relative to materials relative length |
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Definition
| Ability of a material to absorb energy within the plastic deformation range, resist failure, absorb large amounts of energy prior to failure |
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Definition
| Ability of a material to absorb energy and store energy within the elastic range and to release that energy and return to the original dimensions following removal of the load |
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Definition
resist tensile loads, absorbs water from extracellular space which provides wiscous component of materials properties
viscoelasticity |
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Term
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Definition
mechanical property of a material that becomes both as a liquid and a elastic solid depending on load rate and duration
time dependent=creep/stress-relaxation; rate dependent=load resistance |
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Definition
| elongation (Delta L) of material over time as result of constant force |
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Definition
| changes in force/stress over time when you hold a material at a constant length |
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Definition
| stretching; muscles ligaments tendons |
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| combination of tensile and compressive; head of the femur in the acetabulum |
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Definition
| force parallel to the surface that you're loading it; friction |
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Definition
| law of inertia; every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it |
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Definition
| law of acceleration; F=ma |
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Term
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Definition
| for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
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| capacity to perform work (either kinetic or potential) |
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| resistance at the interface between the ground and any contact points |
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Definition
| measure of force and its distribution; P=F/Area |
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Definition
Force - Axis - Resistance
ex. C0/C1 |
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Definition
Force - Resistance - Axis
ex. Gastrocnemius acting on the metatarsals |
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Definition
Resistance - Force - Axis
ex. biceps brachii on radius |
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Definition
| two forces are applied to a rigid body with no net face, but rotation occurs |
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Definition
torque; Force x d(perpendicular distance)
"moment arm" |
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