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| the accuracy with which an audience understands a speaker's intended meaning. |
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| Words in your vocabulary that are not in other people's vocabularies - words that come from your job, hobbies, or sports you play [professional terminology]. |
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| Words used in casual conversation with meanings specific to a limited group of people. |
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| These are specific, refer to practical objects and are not abstract of ambiguous. [the more abstract the word, the more misinterpretation because the words are far removed from the object] |
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| Ambiguity leaves your ideas open to various interpretations. |
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| refers to the correct meaning and usage of a word. |
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| There are words that are vague and words that are specific. Vague words describe many possible things, while specific words only refer to one or a few things. |
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| refers to using a limited number of words that are not repeated and trimming the fat from the speech. |
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| refers to lively language that makes an impact on the audience emotionally because of interest, energy, and images.gets the audience involved. |
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| Guidelines for vividness in language: AVOID CLICHES |
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| Guidelines for vividness in language: USE DESCRIPTIVE IMAGERY |
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| 2 types literal and figurative. |
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| Descriptive imagery->LITERAL IMAGERY |
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| the use of words or phrases that trigger images in the listener's mind via direct description. |
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| Descriptive imagery->FIGURATIVE IMAGERY |
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| involves the use of similes and metaphors. [simile=comparison of 2 unlike things using "like" or "as" in the comparison; metaphor=implied comparison of 2 things that seem dissimilar..usually to relate an abstract concept to something more concrete] |
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| Guidelines for vividness in language: RHYTHM |
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| refers to the arrangement of words to create certain effects. |
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| repeat a phrase to reinforce a point. |
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| arrange a series of words or phrases into a similar pattern. ex "I came, I saw, I conquered" |
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| Repeat the same first consonant sound in a series of words. |
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| contrast 2 ideas in a parallel structure and suggest there is a choice to be made. ex "Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country." |
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| Guidelines for vividness in language: Personalize |
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Definition
| get listeners involved by using words and phrases such as personal pronouns, YOU, YOURS, and OURS. |
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| varies from audience to audience because it refers to language that is right, suitable,and proper for the occasion, audience, and speaker. It is very important to be aware that certain words can offend people. |
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