Term
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Definition
| Poor Listening results in the NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE SPEAKER. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also has a NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE SUCCESS OF THE COMMUNICATION EVENT AS A WHOLE. |
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Term
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Definition
| Has a NEGATIVE IMPACT ON THE LISTENER. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occur when the messages that are received are fundamentally different than those that were sent. |
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Term
| Three common types of message distortion |
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Definition
| OMISSION (listener did not comprehend the entire message and is missing key elements), ADDITION (occurs when the listener adds information and details from his or her own imagination), finally SUBSTITUTION (occurs when the listener confuses the portion of the message they have heard with a different set of information and ideas). |
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Term
| 5 stages of Listening:Step 1 - HEARING |
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Definition
| first stage in the listening process. Hearing is the natural, involuntary, physiological, passive process by which we take in sounds from the outside world and filter them through the inner workings of the ear. |
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Term
| 5 stages of Listening:Step 2 - SELECTION |
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Definition
| We consider all the sounds we hear and then choose certain messages on which to focus and others to disregard. |
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Term
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Definition
| Researchers contend that at least once per minute we stop focusing ont he immediate message and take a mental vacation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Average individual speaks at approx. 100-150 words per minute, the mind of the average listener can process up to 500 words per minute. This gives the listener the false impression that he/she can focus on other thoughts or messages and still follow the speaker. |
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Term
| Selection->Message Overload |
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Definition
| When the brain has reached its limit of information, then the listener may stop paying attention to the message and focus on something else. |
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Term
| Selection->AVOIDANCE OF DIFFICULT THINGS |
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Definition
| If the speaker is discussing a topic that is too emotional for the listener to handle, the listener may retreat to thinking about something else. |
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Term
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Definition
| During this stage, listeners assign meaning and begin to understand the speaker's message. |
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Term
| Interpretation->JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS |
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Definition
| Interpreting only a portion of the message and making a faulty or even biased assumptions about the speaker or the content of the speech. |
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Term
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Definition
| Listener goes beyond interpreting messages and begins to draw conclusions based on certain questions: Is this info. important? Is it true? etc. |
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Term
| Evaluation->GULLIBLE LISTENING |
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Definition
| Accepting information at face value and not applying any critical thinking to what has been said. |
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Term
| Evaluation->OVERLY CRITICAL LISTENING |
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Definition
| May start to rehearse arguments in your mind and stop paying attention to ideas and words of speaker. |
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Term
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Definition
| Final stage; listeners respond to speakers with verbal and nonverbal cues that demonstrate their comprehension of the message presented. |
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Term
| Responding->NEGATIVE FEEDBACK |
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Definition
| Frowning, snickering, or talking to someone else. |
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Term
| Responding->FAKE LISTENING |
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Definition
| Occurs in part because we are expected to pay attention and be courteous audience members. Fake listening cues: head nod, smile, courtesy laugh. |
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Term
| Physiological listening problems |
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Definition
| Hunger, tiredness, or an upset stomach |
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Term
| Lack of listening training |
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Definition
| contributes to our poor listening habits. |
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Term
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Definition
| Listening without being engaged. |
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Term
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Definition
| Listening that is engaged. |
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Term
| Improving Listening Skills |
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Definition
| Decide that it's time to listen; Focus your listening; Avoid jumping to conclusions; Look for common ground; Place yourself in a listening position; Use positive, responsive facial expressions; Follow basic rules of courtesy. |
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