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| means by which a message is transmitted |
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| anything that interferes with a listener's ability to receive a message |
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| setting and people that surround a message. Provides background that helps reveal the message's real meaning |
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| emotional or personal response to a word |
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| communication expressed without words; it includes appearance, facial expression, eye contact, posture, gestures, voice, and space or time |
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| words one uses when communicating |
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| process of giving meaning to info learned through the five senses |
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| other people's responses to a message that let the speaker know how he or she is doing |
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| dictionary meaning of a word |
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| informal language that is unique to a particular group |
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| process of sending and receiving messages to share meaning |
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| Why is communication a process? |
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| because it moves forward from a begining point. it occurs over a period of time |
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the way meaning is conveyed. center of communication process
-Verbal: spoken or written and rely on words to carrying the meaning
- Nonverbal: expressed without words and rely on facial expressions, vocal tone, body moves, and appearance.
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| affects meanings or the situation in which the message occurs. |
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| the interpretation you place on verbal and nonverbal messages. Having common meanings for words and nonverbal signals help to communicate |
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| consists of verbal and nonverbal messages that tell speakers how they are being perceived. Positive and negative feedback help the speaker grow and know what to work on. Self Feedback comes from yourself from seeing you own behavior |
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-Physical differences
-Past experiences
-Present situation |
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| Channels of Communication |
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Definition
| channels are means that a message is transmitted which makes communication |
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| trouble understanding the message. anything that interferes with a listeners ability to receive a message |
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| 4 major elements of vocal production |
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Definition
1. breath and sound
2. pitch
3. resonance
4. articulation |
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Definition
1. receiving
2. interpreting
3. evaluating
4. responding |
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Definition
| to be thinking actively while listening. most speak at a rate of 120 to 180 words a minute but people can listen at a rate of 400 words a minute. processing words faster than speakers can produce them. |
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Definition
-informational: listening to get info
- critical: listening to examine an informative or persuasive message and make decisions
- creative: listening to use your active imagination as you interpret a message
- empathic: listening to know another's feelings |
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Term
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Definition
characteristics of the speaker that interfere or distract
ex: distacting appearance and manner, prejudice, and lack of believability |
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personal attitudes or behaviors that interfere or distract
ex: internal distractions, lack of knowledge, personal prejudices, desire to talk |
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situations in the environment that keep you from paying attention to the speaker
ex: a bee flying around, whispering, being cold or hot |
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| 5 reasons for communication |
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Definition
1. sharing info
2. discussing feelings
3. managing persuasion
4. following social rituals
5. using imagination |
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| rules for interaction. each culture or society has some. rituals for greetings, goodbyes, small talk, and secret telling |
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| your opinion of yourself which is based on your self concept |
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Definition
how you see yourself
how you would like to be
how you think others see you
how others actually see you |
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Definition
Questions you ask about yourself can fit into 4 areas of life
-Physical
-Intellectual
-Social
-Spiritual |
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| How self concept and self esteem affect communication |
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Definition
| if you have low self esteem or self concept then you dont talk as much or are shy and also the opposite is true |
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| Characteristic of Friendships |
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Definition
-ability to keep secrets
-loyalty
-warmth and affection
-supportiveness
-honesty
-sense of humor |
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Definition
-First meetings: beginning stages of relationships. "tryouts"
-Becoming Acquaintances: most relationships. not strangers but not really friends
-Becoming Friends: talk to each other longer and about more. talk more often than acquaintances
- Changes in Friendships: moving backwards due to no loyalty, new friends, new hobbies, etc.
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| Guidelines for sharing personal info |
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Definition
-Dont overtalk
-Dont undertalk
-Choose the info to share wisely |
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Definition
1. Sharing personal info
2. sharing feelings
3. empathizing
4. listening
5. supporting
6. constructive criticism |
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Term
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Definition
1. Forming- birth. trying to find out where people fit. first meeting. trying to be polite and find similarities. "honeymoon phase"
2. Storming- differences begin to surface. "end of honeymoon phase". some begin to think isnt really worth it.
3. Norming- members begin to function effectively together, develp sense of group identity, work through struggles, finding positions
4. Performing- completing the task that brought the group together |
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Term
| Formal and Informal groups |
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Definition
-formal: a group with set rules
-informal: more like social or fun group.
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| Main Purpose of Persuasion |
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Definition
| getting the audience or listeners to think or act differently |
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Term
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Definition
-Time order: time related pattern. past, present, future
- Space order: physical relationships between people, places, or objects
- Process order: explaining the way something works of the way something is made
-Topical order: dividing a speech topic into its natural part
- Problem-Solution order: organizing the info around the problem and the possible solutions |
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Term
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Definition
| Share an interest in the same things or share a common purpose. Communicate regularyly among themselves. Participate in planning and decision making. Feel connected to the other members. |
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| Main purpose of a Social group |
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Definition
| to have fun and to hang out with others |
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work-getting things done
social- hanging out |
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| know a great deal about the subject and are willing to share their knowledge with the group |
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| speaker's desciption of what the listeners should be able to do after the speech is completed |
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Term
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Definition
1. grab the listeners attention
2. present the topic
3. connect you with the audience |
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Definition
1. summarize the main ideas
2. gives a clear ending
3. repeats main goal |
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