Term
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Definition
| Assumes the individual has difficulty with the physical act of producing sounds. |
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Term
| Articulation vs. Phonological Disorders |
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Definition
Articulation= peripheral issues. should not affect other areas of language, difficulty "making sounds"
Phonological Disorder= central issue. May affect other areas of language. Difficulty "making sense" |
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Term
| Contributing Factors of SSD |
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Definition
Articulation- developmental, sensory impairment, motor impairment, structural difference
Phonological- developmental, related to cognitive impairment, related to other language impairments. |
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Term
| Predicting an Articulation Disorder |
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Definition
| if when testing a child they use it in some positions but not other it is NOT an articulation difficulty |
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Term
| Types of Articulation Disorders |
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Definition
SODA
substitutions, omissions, distortions, addition |
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Term
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Definition
Syllabic Simplification: deletion of final consonant, deletion of unstressed syllable, reduction of consonant cluster
Substitution Patterns: stopping and fronting
Assimilation Processes (sound production influenced by nearby sounds)- backward assimilation (goggie) instead of doggie and forward assimilation (televivion) |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 underlying principles: 1. focus on groups of sounds, treating patterns rather than individual sounds 2. Phonological Contrasts, focus on how different sounds result in a different meaning. 3. naturalistic context, usually work with real words in meaningful contexts |
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Term
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Definition
| most phonemic approaches use minimal word pairs |
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Term
| Cause of SSD: Developmental |
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Definition
most common cause of speech disorders in children
slow maturation of speech development?
Not pick up on cues in the environment similar to other children
often occurs in the absence of any other problem but may co-occur with delayed language development. |
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Term
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Definition
| indicates where energy lies for speech sounds. Vowels carry the most energy, but consonants carry the most information |
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Term
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Definition
Disorder of motor control that results from brain damage
Primary Impairments: abnormal muscle tone, impaired motor control. impaired coordination and balance, weakness, loss of sensation. |
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Term
| Bell's Palsy (Unilateral Facial Paralysis) |
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Definition
Unilateral weakness or paralysis of facial muscles
Caused by damage to the VII cranial nerve
may be associated with trauma or virus but often the cause is unknown.
Can affect ability to articulate clearly. Often is not permanent. |
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Term
| Hemifacial Microsomia (Structural Disorder) |
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Definition
Abnormal growth of structures on one side of the face.
Skeletal, Muscular, Hearing
May also have VPI (velopharyngeal impairment) |
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