Term
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Definition
| central cavity in the bony labyrinth that consists of two membranous sacs |
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Term
| What are the two membranous sacs of the vestibule? |
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Definition
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Term
| The saccule is connected to the _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Utricle is connected to the __________ _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| __________ are the equilibrium receptor regions of the saccule and utricle. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the vestibule sense? |
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Definition
| non-moving position; linear acceleration and deceleration |
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Term
| What substances do the saccule and utricle contain? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the otoliths imbedded? |
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Definition
| in the gel of the saccule and utricle |
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Term
| When the head timps forward, what happens to the otoliths? |
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Definition
| slide toward the center of gravitational pull |
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Term
| When the gel in the saccule and utricle move it applies pressure to the maculae, which does what in response? |
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Definition
| sends impulses in sensory neurons |
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Term
| How are sensory neurons of the vestiblue are transmitted to the brain? |
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Definition
| via the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve |
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Term
| How does the brain respond to signals of linear acceleration and decleration? |
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Definition
| sends signals to the skeletal muscles to maintain balance |
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Term
| The three semicircular canals are oriented at ________ _________ to each other. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Each semicircular canal has a swelling (amupulla) at one end. |
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Term
| What is the crista ampullaris? |
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Definition
| the equilibrium region within each ampulla. |
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Term
| Rotational movement is sensed in what area of the ear? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The gel-like dome of the semi-circular canal. |
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Term
| _____ _____ are imbedded witin the cupula. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are the three semicircular canals oriented in different planes? |
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Definition
| to detect all possible rotational movements |
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Term
| Each crista ampullaris contains what structures? |
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Definition
hairs
hair cells
supporting cells
sensory nerve fibers |
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Term
| What causes motion sickness? |
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Definition
| conflicting sensory inputs from the vestibular apparatus, eyes and receptors in the muscles, joints and tendons |
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Term
| How does reading a book while riding in a car cause motion sickness? |
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Definition
| your eyes perceive that he book is stationary, but your ears perceive that you are moving |
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Term
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Definition
| a motion sickness drug that contains salt of diphenhydramine and cholortheophyline. It sedates your vomiting center but does not put you to sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| "old people deafness" is hairs braking off making it harder to hear certain frequencies. |
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Term
| How is presbycussis accelerated? |
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Definition
| It is accelerated by exposure to loud noises. Like tractor... |
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Term
| What are treatments for presbycussis? |
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Definition
Hearing Aids
Sound amplification devices (like amplifier on phone that goes to headphones)
lip reading
cochlear implants in some situations |
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Term
| How does nerve deafness occur? |
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Definition
| due to damaged hair cells in the cochlea. Sound waves cannot be converted to electrical impulses. |
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Term
| How can nerve deafness be treated? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes conduction deafness? |
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Definition
| damaged tympanic membrane or ossicles. sound waves can't be conducted to inner ear, frequently caused by arthitis of bones in the middle ear |
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Term
| What can treat conduction deafness? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do cochlear implants work? |
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Definition
surgically put on scalp under ear.
bypasses damaged portions of ear and stimulates the auditory nerves directly
requires months/years of therapy
interprets sounds but won't ever sound like normal speech |
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