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| Year when hunter discovers remains a cave of prehistoric art at Altamira. "Realist Art." Earth Tones. Painted ceiling. |
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| Legal system, law. Base for Spanish law. Marked by head of family. |
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| Roads, Derecho Roman, Christianity, Architecture, Aquaducts, Pan y Circo, Vulgar Latin, Government... |
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| Set of towns, remains of Roman domination |
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| Year that Salamanca University is established |
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| Year of "Navas de Tolosa" battle, resulting in Christian win. One of largest battles to be held in peninsula. |
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| Period of Muslim dominance |
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| Period of Muslim/Christian back and forth control |
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| Period of Christian Dominance |
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| Agriculture, Arabic numerals, Science, Architecture, Azulejas, Epic Poetry |
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| Year that Almoravids arrive on peninsula |
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| An autonomous kingdom, each with its own governor |
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| Political unit within a larger Caliphate structure, only a political leader (not religious) |
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| Political AND religious leader |
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| Year that Rodrigo is killed in battle at Guadalete, and Muslims realize they can easily sweep in at this time of chaos. |
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| This person wrote one of the few histories of the Visigoths, entitled "Historia Gothorum." Etymological. Written in Latin. |
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| This person enforced "areonism," a heresy religion in which Christ is not recognized as part of the Holy Trinity. |
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| Elective monarchy, and Council of Toledo (represent various tribe, but King has final say, church officials also active). |
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| Southern France, due to an agreement with Rome. Eventually travel to peninsula, capital at Toledo. |
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| Period of the 3rd Punic War, Rome crushes Carthage once and for all. |
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| Period of the 1st Punic War, Carthage controls Sicily. |
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| Period of 2nd Punic War, Romans retaliate and win. |
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| Group of people, probably from North Africa. Nomadic tribes. Small one-room rectangle buildings. Bartered with Greeks. "La Dama del Elche," sculpture with detailed facial features. |
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| Group of people, arrive from France. Tribal, warriors. Circular dwellings. Little contact with Greeks. |
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| Group of people, from modern Tunisia. Active in 4th century BC. Political empire begins in southern Spain. |
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| Group of people, active in northern Mediterranean. Not interested in conquering, merely trade. Brought agriculture, remained near coast. |
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| Wealthiest province in Roman empire. |
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| Year King Recared brings back Christianity, following Leovigild. |
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| New caliphate separated from primary caliphate in Baghdad. |
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| Clay tiles, used for decorating, Muslim art. |
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| Muslim who lives in Christian territory, great artisans |
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| Convert from Islam to Christianity |
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| Covert from Christianity to Islam. |
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| This person studies the philosophical works of Aristotle. |
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| This person originally claims control of Castile and Leon as one. |
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| This person, son of Fernando I, controls Castile until his death. |
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| This person, son of Fernando I, controls Leon, and later Castile when his brother Sancho II dies. He is charged by Rodrigo Dias de Vivan for this death. |
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| The person organizes the campaign of Las Navas, winning victory for Christians. |
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| This person struggles with nobles. He is the father of Enrique IV and Isabel. |
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