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| What are the three foundations of Hinduism |
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| Every thought and action affects your fate in your next life |
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| your duties and responsibilities |
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| What are the four types of goals in Hinduism |
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| Kama, Artha, Dharma, Moksha |
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| pleasure (the things you like) |
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| wealth and power (the things you want) |
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| Doing what is right (the things you hope to offer to society) |
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| goals for existence or spiritual goals |
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| What is the Indus Valley Civilization |
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| Early people who practiced Hinduism; were vanished by the Aryans |
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| What is the Aryan invasion |
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| conquers the Indus river valley bringing the Sanskrit languages and more influences of Hinduism. |
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| the Hindu written sacred language |
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| The Hindu text that contains eternal truths revealed to wise men; stories, myths, chants, etc. orally passed down until finally written in Sanskrit |
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| a Hindu epic poem of god (Rama) and wife (Sita) |
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| a Hindu epic poem of royal brothers regaining their kingdom |
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| a single supreme force that contains all the Hindu gods (nameless, formless, unlimited) |
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| What Hindu gods are part of the trimurti |
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| Brahma, Vishnu, Siva (shiva) |
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| What is the hindu god, Brahma |
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| What Is the hindu god, Vishnu |
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| What is the hindu god, siva |
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| Where is hindu worship centered |
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| What are Hindu death practices |
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| the body is cremated and scattered over the Ganges River |
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| an essential self (a part of the universal soul) |
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| Freeing the soul from the body so it can unite with Brahman |
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| Hindu social groups based on birth |
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| the world's greatest religious fair that is held every 12 years where Hindus bath in the Holy Ganges River |
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| image/ statue of the main dieties in the main shrine room: Hinduism |
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| mark on the head of the murti: hinduism |
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| contains 5 flames for the 5 senses enables one to see god or be seen by god: hinduism |
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| blessed food that has been offered to the god of the mandir |
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| verses from the hindu holy book |
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| How do Hindus earn good karma (5) |
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| follow their dharma, do their puja, meditate, go on pilgrimages, and follow a guru |
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| a stage of life that can alter dharma |
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| What are the 4 stages of ashramas |
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| student(focus on learning scripture and education), householder (married and working wife), retirement (more time for meditation and temple puja), ascetic (optional- give up material things and become wandering monks) |
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| What 2 things can alter dharma |
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| What are the 5 parts of the caste system |
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| Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaisyas, Sudras, Dalits |
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| What job do Brahmins have |
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| What job do Kashatriyas have |
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| herders, farmers, artisians, merchants |
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| work with dirt, death, or blood |
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| What is the role of meditation |
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| practice of skill of paying attention |
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| a spiritual teacher that perfected the Hindu religion in teachings |
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| What are some things pilgrims do at Varanasi |
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| face east and pray, drink Ganges river water |
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| What are the 6 rules of caste? |
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Definition
| each occupation has its own caste determined by birth; marriage must be within the caste; castes have their own cooking and eating habits; castes are tied to Hindu beliefs about keeping people spiritually pure; caste influences which gods are worshipped, where one lives, and what one wears; caste influences behavior between people |
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| what is interdependence within the caste system |
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| the caste system created a sense of stability and order in Indian life |
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| Who was Siddhartha Gautama |
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| left a life of luxury and set out to find the cause of misery; became enlightened |
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| What 4 sights did Gautama see |
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| old man, sick man, dead man, human meditating |
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| What are the 4 noble truths of Buddhism |
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| suffering is universal- pain, sickness, and death are inevitable; the origin of suffering is desire and non-virtue; Cessation of suffering: the only way to stop the suffering is to crush desire and other forms of non-virtue; to end desire follow the eightfold path |
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| What is the eightfold path |
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| a practical guide to right conduct it stresses compassion for all creatures, kindness, and truthfulness |
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| What are the 8 parts of the eightfold path |
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| right view, right intentions, right speech, right actions, right livelihood, right effort, right concentration, right mindfulness |
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| not to kill anything, not to steal, not to lie, to avoid alcohol, and not to engage in improper sexual activity |
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| What do Buddhist monks and nuns agree not to do |
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| eat anything after the noon hour, wear any jewelry or ornaments, sleep on a soft bed, participate in any king of entertainment, use money |
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| not asceticism, nor self indulgence |
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| the Buddhist belief of salvation where individual self escapes the body |
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| What are the three jewels |
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| "I take refuge in the Buddha; I take refuge in the dharma; I take refuge in the sangha" |
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| refers to the community of monks and nuns and the whole community of believers |
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| What does dharma mean for Buddhists |
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| refer to all that the Buddha taught |
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| a hindu musical instrument played during ragas to make a meditative state |
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| understanding the cause and cure of suffering |
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| What is the three baskets of wisdom (Tipitaka) |
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| followers passed Buddhist teachings by mouth which were written down as this; the most important of the Buddhist writings |
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| What are the characteristics of Theravada Buddhism |
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Definition
| "Teachings of the elders" monastic life is needed to achieve Nirvana; lay people further their karma by supporting monks and nuns; each person must find their way to Nirvana alone; prevalent in south-east asia; do not worship the Buddha or any other God |
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| What are the characteristics of Mahayana Buddhism |
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| "Greater Vehicle" believe that you need the help of others to attain Nirvana and it can be done in different ways; many follow the teachings of Bodhisattvas and offer prayers and worship to the enlightened ones and to the Buddha |
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| someone who has already become enlightened but has willingly delayed entry to Nirvana to help others get there |
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| What is Tantric Buddhism (Tibetan) |
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| a mix of traditional Buddhism with Tibetan spiritual practice uses meditation, music, chants, dances, and mystical charms to please spirits; uses mandalas |
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| intricate designs of artwork made out of sand to center on meditation |
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| The bodhisattva of compassion or the reincarnated bodhisattva Avalokiteshvara |
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| intense use of meditation and contemplating objects in nature will lead to enlightenment |
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| a burial mound some of which contain relics, ashes, hair clippings of Buddhist saints; the most sacred Buddhist sight |
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| evolved from decorated parasols that were originally at the top of stupas houses relics |
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| who is the lord mahavir/ mahavira |
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| the last of the 24 believed great teachers |
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| the 24 teachers who attained all knowledge while living and preached it to the people |
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| god for jains which is their goal to become of |
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| what are the certain rules jains follow to get rid of ones karma(5) |
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| Ahimsa (non-violence), Satya (to speak truth), Asteya (to not steal), Brahmacharya (to not commit adultery), aparigraha (to limit one's possessions) |
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| What are characteristics of the svetambara Jainism |
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| "white clad", liberal in their interpretations of mahavirals teaching regarding nudity and allow their monks to wear a white garment, women may also find salvation |
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| WHat are characteristics of the digambara jains |
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| "sky clad", traditionalists, adhere to the old ideals that require monks to go naked, believe women have no chance of achieving salvation |
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| kanga (comb- cleanliness), Kesh (uncut hair- spiritual), Kara (steel bangle- unity, learning),Kirpan (sword- respect, justice), Kachera (shorts- modesty) |
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| a Sikh temple or gateway to the guru |
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| teacher of Sikhism who was succeeded by 9 other gurus |
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| what is Guru Granth Sanib |
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| Sikh bible; the book of guru nanak |
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| What is the golden temple in punjab |
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| surrounded by a sacred pool (pool of nectar) which was built of white marble covered with copper which stands on an island |
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| What are the four major Sikh beliefs |
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| one god, equality, birth and death, non-violence |
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| How do Sikhs get good karma (4 principles of Sikhism) |
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| Naam Japna or Simran (meditation), Kirat Karni (work), Wand Chakna (charity donations), Sewa (service to humanity and god |
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| the steps that lead to the ganges river |
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