Term
| What are the three "familiar" states of matter? |
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Definition
| Solids, Liquids, and gases |
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Term
| Describe the shape and volume of a solid. |
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Definition
| Solids have a DEFINITE shape and DEFINITE volume. |
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Term
| Describe the shape and volume of a liquid. |
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Definition
| Liquids DO NOT have a definite shape but DO have a definite volume. |
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Term
| Describe the shape and volume of a gas. |
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Definition
| The shape and volume of a gas are both NOT DEFINITE. |
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Term
| Give some examples of solids. |
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Definition
| Diamonds, bricks, logs, and silverware |
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Term
| Give some examples of liquids. |
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Definition
| Gasoline, water, milk, and Kool-Aid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Oxygen, hydrogen, helium, and radon |
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Term
| What will a gas do that a solid and liquid will not? |
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Definition
| Expand to fill the space available to it. |
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Term
| The process in which a gas cools and becomes a liquid is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Boyle's law, the volume of a gas INCREASES when its? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the vertical axis of a graph show? |
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Definition
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Term
| TRUE/FALSE? Rubber and glass, which become softer as they are heated, are examples of crystalline solids. |
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Definition
| False! They are amorphous solids. |
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Term
| TRUE/FALSE? When you see steam,fog, or clouds, you are seeing water in the liquid state. |
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Definition
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Term
| TRUE/FALSE? A substance changes from a solid to a liquid at its boiling point. |
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Definition
| False. It is its MELTING POINT, not the boiling point. |
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Term
| TRUE/FALSE? The volume of a gas is the force of its outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container. |
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Definition
| False. It is not volume, it is pressure. |
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Term
| TRUE/FALSE? According to Boyle's law, the volume of a gas varies inversely with pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the motion of the particles in a solid. |
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Definition
| Particles in a solid vibrate in place. |
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Term
| Why are both liquids and gases called fluids? |
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Definition
| Both liquids and gases have freely moving particles that can flow from place to place. |
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Term
| Compare and contrast liquids with high and low viscosities. |
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Definition
| All liquids flow. However, liquids with high viscosity flow more slowly than liquids with low viscosity. |
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Term
| How is the thermal energy of a substance related to its physical state? |
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Definition
| As thermal energy increases, matter changes from solid to liquid and from liquid to gas. |
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Term
| Describe four examples of changes of state. |
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Definition
1. Ice melting is solid to liquid.
2. Water freezing is liquid to solid.
3. Water boiling is liquid to gas.
4. Clouds forming is gas to liquid. |
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Term
| What happens to water molecules when water is heated from 90 degrees Celsius to 110 degrees Celsius? |
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Definition
| Water molecules gain enough energy to become a gas. |
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Term
| What happens to the gas particles when the air in an inflated ball leaks out? |
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Definition
| The gas particles inside the ball are at a higher pressure than the air outside the ball, so they hit the inner surface of the ball more often, reach the hole, and escape. Then the gas particles move away from one another as they leak out of the ball. |
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Term
| How does heating a gas in a rigid container change its pressure? |
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Definition
| The pressure of the gas increases. |
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Term
| Explain why placing a dented table-tennis ball in boiling water is one way to remove the dent in the ball. (Assume the ball has no holes.) |
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Definition
| Heating the table-tennis ball causes the air inside it to expand and push the dent out of the ball. |
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Term
| When you open a solid room air freshener, the solid slowly loses mass and volume. How do you think this happens? |
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Definition
| Through sublimation, the solid turns into a gas as the room freshener's particles escape and mix with the air in the room. |
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Term
| What is the formula for pressure? |
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Definition
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