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| individuals abilities to reflect systematically on taken-for-granted cultural practices, to manage alternatives, and to take independent action to pursue goals of their own choosing |
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| religious based on belief in the existence of such souls or spirit beings |
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| the study of human nature, human society, and the human past |
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| cultural anthropology of the human past, involving the analysis of the material remains of earlier human societies |
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| language traditionally has been defined as a reduces language with a simplified grammar and vocabulary that develops when speakers of mutually unintelligible languages come into regular contact and so are forces to communicate with one another |
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| investigate how variation in the beliefs and behaviors of members of different human groups is shaped by culture, sets of learned behaviors and ideas that human beings acquire as members of society |
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| sets of learned behaviors and ideas that human beings acquire as members of society |
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| categories devised by native speaker-informants |
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| categories devised by outside researchers |
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| the social processes through which children come to adopt the ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving considered appropriate for adults in their culture |
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| using the practices of your own "people" asa yardstick to measure how well the customs of other, different peoples measure up. |
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| the comparative study of two or more ways of life |
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| the systems of arbitrary vocal symbols we use to encode our experience of the world and of one another |
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| the branch of anthropology concerned with the study of human languages |
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| occurs when one or more members of a society are ritually transformed from one kind of social person into another |
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| stories whose truth seems self-evident because they do such a good job of integrating persona experiences with a wider set of assumptions about the way that society or the world in general must operate |
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| fieldworkers gain a group's social activities as well as by observing those activities as outsiders |
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| the study of relation between language and society |
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| the claim that the culture and through patterns of epople were strongly influenced by the language they spoke |
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| a creative synthesis of old religious practices and new ones introduced from the outside, often by force |
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