Term
| A great component in limb movement is motor planning with preemptive, unconscious activation to stabilise posture. This is more than just the 'goal' but is the stabilising of other muscle to ensure the goal is possible without falling over. T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The spinal cord is involved in .... |
|
Definition
| segmental and intersegmental reflexes, pattern generation |
|
|
Term
| The brainstem is involved in... |
|
Definition
| integration of sensory information for postural control (visual, vestibular and proprioceptive), descending modulation of spinal circuits for adaptive reflex activity. |
|
|
Term
| The motor cortex is involved in... |
|
Definition
the initiation of voluntary movement, skilled, dextrous movements, integration of movement with goals and the physical environment. Abstract motor representations for
goal directed motor planning. |
|
|
Term
| EVen the simplest movements require the spinal cord, brainstem and motor cortex, T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Superior colliculus is ... |
|
Definition
Involved in visual info of where we are, the retina sends it to superior colliculus. This mediate orientating responses. Visual info. A noise or sound is heard and our eyes move to the sound. |
|
|
Term
| Posture involves the lateral pathways, T/F |
|
Definition
| F. It involves the medial pathways |
|
|
Term
| The primary motor cortex is ... |
|
Definition
| also known as the M1 area and is a brain region that in humans is located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe. It works in association with pre-motor areas to plan and execute movements. M1 contains large neurons known as Betz cells which send long axons down the spinal cord to synapse onto alpha motor neurons which connect to the muscles. Pre-motor areas are involved in planning actions (in concert with the basal ganglia) and refining movements based upon sensory input (this requires the cerebellum). |
|
|
Term
| There is a broadly somatotopic representation of the different body parts in the primary motor cortex in an arrangement called a ________ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The motor cortex can be divided into four main parts: |
|
Definition
The motor cortex can be divided into four main parts:
The primary motor cortex (or M1), responsible for generating the neural impulses controlling execution of movement
and the secondary motor cortices, including
- the posterior parietal cortex, responsible for transforming visual information into motor commands
- the premotor cortex, responsible for motor guidance of movement and control of proximal and trunk muscles of the body
- and the supplementary motor area (or SMA), responsible for planning and coordination of complex movements such as those requiring two hands.
|
|
|
Term
| Does a cortical motor neuron always fired for same muscle? T/F. |
|
Definition
| No, even though the same muscle can be activate the cortial motor neuron may not be active. The CM nerons are active depending on the 'tasks' not the muscle. e.g. power grip uses same muscle and prescision grip, but cortial motor neuron only fires for one of the the tasks. This is completly different to skeletal muscle in where activation of the neuron = activation of the muscle. Motor cortex is different. |
|
|
Term
| A mirror neuron is a neuron that fires ... |
|
Definition
both when an animal acts and when the animal observes the same action performed by another
|
|
|
Term
The inability to appropriately integrate / coordinate movement is called ___. This involves as disorder in the
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The dorsal stream identifies... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The ventral stream identifies... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A lesion in the cerrebellum crosses over then again so the lesion is on same side T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cerrebellum is involved in .. |
|
Definition
• Coordinating the timing and sequence of muscle actions and movements
• The maintenance of muscle tone
• Motor learning
• Planning sequences of muscle activation for complex movements |
|
|
